Kusarudza gasi remaindasitiri rakakodzera haisi nyaya yekutora humburumbira; isarudzo yakakosha iyo inokanganisa kunaka, kushanda zvakanaka, uye kuchengetedzwa kwekushanda kwako kwewelding nekucheka. Gasi rekudzivirira rakakodzera rinochengetedza dziva rakanyungudutswa rekunyungudutswa kubva pakusvibiswa kwemuchadenga, nepo gasi rekucheka rakakodzera rinoita kuti kucheka kwakachena, chaiko. Iri gwara rakazara rinokufambisa iwe kuburikidza nezvakakosha zvinhu zvekufunga kana uchisarudza maindasitiri magasi, kuve nechokwadi kuti iwe unowana yakakwana mhedzisiro yezvako zvekushandisa.

Kunzwisisa Shielding magasi eWelding

Kudzivirira magasi kwakakosha mukuita seGasi Metal Arc Welding (GMAW/MIG) uye Gasi Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW/TIG). Basa razvo guru nderekubvisa magasi emuchadenga—kunyanya oxygen nenitrogen—kubva munzvimbo yeweld. Kana magasi emuchadenga aya achipinda mudziva rakanyungudutswa weld, anogona kukonzera porosity (maburi ari mu weld), brittleness, uye kushata kwechitarisiko che weld.

Sarudzo yekudzivirira gasi inonyanya kupesvedzera akati wandei akakosha maficha ekuita welding:

• Arc Kugadzikana: Mamwe magasi anokurudzira arc yakatsetseka, yakagadzikana, kuderedza spatter uye kuita kuti maitiro ave nyore kudzora.

• Weld Penetration: Iko kuumbwa kwegasi kunokanganisa kuti kupisa kunopinda zvakadzika sei pasi pesimbi, kuchikonzera kusimba kwejoini.

• Weld Profile: Chimiro che weld bead (semuenzaniso, flat, convex, kana concave) inotsanangurwa zvishoma nekudzivirira gasi.

• Mechanical Properties: Iyo gasi inogona kukanganisa simba rekupedzisira, ductility, uye corrosion kuramba kweiyo weld simbi.

• Spatter Level: Mamwe gasi musanganiswa anoderedza spatter, kuderedza post-weld yekuchenesa nguva.

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Yakajairwa Maindasitiri Gasi Anoshandiswa muWelding

Zvakanyanya gasi rinowanzoshandiswa mumaindasitiri welding inowira muzvikamu zvishoma zvekutanga, chimwe nechimwe chichipa maitiro akasiyana.

Argon (ar)

Argon ndiro bhiza rekuchengetedza magasi. Igasi inert, zvinoreva kuti haibatike mumakemikari nesimbi yakanyungudutswa.

• Applications: Argon ndiyo yakajairika sarudzo yeGTAW (TIG) welding yesimbi zhinji, kunyanya aluminium, magnesium, uye titanium. Iyo inopa yakanakisa arc kugadzikana uye yakachena weld kutaridzika.

• Hunhu: Inoburitsa yakamanikana, yakadzika yekupinda profil. Nekuti inorema kupfuura mweya, inopa kufukidzwa kwakanaka pamusoro pechidziva cheweld, kunyanya munzvimbo dzakatsetseka.

Helium (iye)

Helium imwe gasi inert, asi inoita zvakasiyana zvakanyanya kubva kune argon.

• Applications: Inowanzo shandiswa musanganiswa ne argon ye welding zvakakora zvinhu kana simbi dzine high thermal conductivity, sealuminium nemhangura.

• Hunhu: Helium inogadzira arc inopisa kupfuura argon, zvichiita kuti ipinde yakafara, yakadzika uye inokurumidza kufamba. Nekudaro, yakareruka kupfuura mhepo, ichida kuyerera kwemazinga epamusoro kuchengetedza nhovo yakakwana, uye inogona kuita kuti arc itange yakaoma.

Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

Kusiyana neargon uye helium, carbon dioxide igesi rinoshanda. Pasi pekupisa kwakanyanya kweiyo welding arc, inoputsika kuita kabhoni monoxide uye oksijeni.

• Applications: CO2 inoshandiswa zvakanyanya GMAW (MIG) welding ye carbon steel. Kazhinji isarudzo ine hupfumi.

• Hunhu: Inopa kupinza kwakadzika asi inoita kuti ibudise arc isina kugadzikana uye yakanyanya spatter kupfuura inert magasi kana argon musanganiswa. Iyo inokonzeresa weld mbiri inowanzowedzera uye yakawedzera oxidized zvishoma.

Okisijeni (O2)

Okisijeni inoshanda zvakanyanya uye haitombo shandiswa seyekutanga kudzivirira gasi pachayo.

• Applications: Zvishoma zveokisijeni (kazhinji 1-5%) zvinowanzowedzerwa kune argon kune welding kabhoni uye yakaderera-alloy simbi, uye dzimwe nguva simbi isina tsvina.

• Hunhu: Okisijeni inovandudza kugadzikana kwearc, inoderedza kusimba kwepasi kwesimbi yakanyungudutswa (ichibvumira kuti ibude zvakanaka), uye inogona kuwedzera kupinda mune mamwe maapplication.

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Kusarudza Magasi eChaiyo Welding Maitiro

Iyo yakakwana gasi sarudzo inotsamira zvakanyanya pane welding process uye base zvinhu.

Gasi Metal Arc Welding (GMAW / MIG)

MIG welding inotsamira zvakanyanya pamusanganiswa wegasi wakagadzirirwa kune chaiyo simbi.

• Carbon Steel:

  • 100% CO2: Iyo yakanyanya kudhura-inoshanda sarudzo, inopa yakadzika kupinda asi yakakwirira spatter. Yakanakira zvinhu zvakakora.

  • Argon/CO2 Misanganiswa (semuenzaniso, 75% Ar / 25% CO2 kana "C25"): Sarudzo yakajairika yekugadzirwa kwakawanda. Ivo vanopa chiyero cheyakanaka arc kugadzikana, yakaderera spatter pane yakachena CO2, uye yakanakisa weld bead kutaridzika. Yakaderera CO2 muzana (semuenzaniso, 5-15%) inoshandiswa kune dzakatetepa zvinhu kana pulsed MIG welding.

  • Argon/Oxygen Mixtures (semuenzaniso, 95% Ar / 5% O2): Inoshandiswa kupfapfaidza kutamisa welding yekabhoni simbi, ichigadzira yakanyanya kuyerera weld dziva uye yakadzika kupinda.

• Stainless Simbi:

  • Argon/CO2 (semuenzaniso, 98% Ar / 2% CO2): Sarudzo yakajairika, asi iyo CO2 yemukati inofanirwa kuchengetwa yakadzikira kuti ideredze kabhoni pikicha, iyo inogona kuderedza kushora kuramba.

  • Tri-Mixes (Argon/Helium/CO2): Inowanzo shandiswa kupfupi-sekete welding yesimbi yakatetepa isina tsvina, ichipa yakanakisa arc maitiro uye kuderedza kukanganisa.

• Aluminium:

  • 100% Argon: Iyo yakajairwa sarudzo kune yakawanda MIG welding yealuminium inosvika 1/2 inch gobvu.

  • Argon/Helium Mixtures (semuenzaniso, 50% Ar / 50% Iye kana 25% Ar / 75% Iye): Inoshandiswa kune dzakakora aruminiyamu zvikamu kuwedzera kupisa kupinza uye kupinda.

Gasi Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW / TIG)

TIG welding inowanzoda inert magasi kuchengetedza isingabatike tungsten electrode uye weld pool.

• All Metals (kunze kwezvikamu zvakakora kwazvo): 100% Argon ndiyo sarudzo yepasirese, inopa yakanakisa arc kutanga, kugadzikana, uye kuchenesa chiito (kunyanya kukosha kune aruminiyamu).

• Aluminium yakakora kana Copper: Argon/Helium misanganiswa (kazhinji 50/50 kana 75/25 Helium/Argon) inoshandiswa kuwedzera arc voltage uye kupisa kupinza, zvichibvumira kupinda kwakadzama uye kukurumidza kukurumidza kufamba pazvinhu zvinofambisa zvakanyanya.

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Kusarudza Magasi eKucheka Maitiro

Kucheka kunoda magasi kuti aite moto, kupeperetsa simbi yakanyungudutswa, kana zvese zviri zviviri.

Oxy-Fuel Kucheka

Iyi nzira inoshandisa gasi rehuni rakasanganiswa neokisijeni yakachena kuti ritange kupisa simbi kusvika pakupisa kwayo, uye ipapo mhepo ine simba remhepo yeokisijeni inoshandiswa kukurumidza oxidize (kupisa) uye kubvisa simbi. Sarudzo yemafuta gasi inokanganisa zvakanyanya kucheka kumhanya uye kunaka.

• Acetylene: Inogadzira tembiricha yepamusoro yemoto chero yakajairika gasi, ichibvumira kune inokurumidza preheat nguva. Yakanakira kubhenda nekuboora asi inoda kubatwa nekuchenjerera nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwayo pakumanikidza kwakanyanya.

• Propane: Sarudzo ine hupfumi zvakanyanya, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kune general kucheka uye kupisa. Iine tembiricha yemoto yakaderera pane acetylene, zvichikonzera nguva yakati rebei preheat, asi yakachengeteka kuchengeta nekutakura.

• Propylene: Inopa tembiricha yemurazvo pakati pepropane neacetylene. Inopa kukurumidza preheat nguva kupfuura propane uye inowanzofarirwa kune inorema-basa rekucheka zvikumbiro.

• Gasi Rakasikwa: Kazhinji inodhura-inoshanda sarudzo kana pombi yakananga munzvimbo. Iine tembiricha yemoto yakadzika, ichiita kuti inyatsokodzera zvinhu zvitete kana maapplication uko preheat nguva isiri yakakosha.

Plasma Arc Kucheka

Kucheka kwePlasma kunoshandisa jeti yakakwirira-yemhepo yeionized gasi (plasma) kunyungudusa uye kucheka simbi.

• Mhepo (Mhepo Yakadzvanywa): Iyo yakajairika uye ine hupfumi sarudzo yezvese-chinangwa kucheka kabhoni simbi, Stainless simbi, uye aluminium. Inoda mhepo yakachena, yakaoma, uye isina mafuta.

• Nitrogen: Inowanzo shandiswa kucheka simbi isina tsvina nealuminium, sezvo ichigadzira mupendero wakachena une oxidation shoma kana ichienzaniswa nemhepo yakamanikidzwa. Iyo zvakare inowanzoshandiswa sechipiri (nhoo) gasi mune mbiri-gasi masisitimu.

• Oxygen: Inopa kukurumidza kucheka kumhanya uye kuchenesa mipendero pane kabhoni simbi, asi haina kukurudzirwa simbi isina tsvina kana aluminium.

• Argon/Hydrogen Mixtures (semuenzaniso, H35 - 65% Ar / 35% H2): Inoshandiswa kucheka yakakora kwazvo Stainless simbi uye aluminium. Iyo hydrogen inopa yakanyanya kupisa kupisa, zvichikonzera yakanakisa kucheka mhando uye nekukurumidza kumhanya pane zvakaoma zvinhu.

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Gasi Kusarudzwa Summary Matrix

Kurerutsa maitiro ekusarudza, tarisa kune ino yekukurumidza gwara:

Hunhu uye Kuchena Kufunga

Kuchena kwegasi rako reindasitiri ndiko kwakakosha. Zvinosvibisa zvakaita sehunyoro, okisijeni (mukushandisa gasi inert), kana mahydrocarbons anogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kunaka kweweld, zvichikonzera porosity, brittleness, uye kutaridzika zvakanaka.

• Welding Giredhi Gasi: Gara uine chokwadi chekuti uri kushandisa magasi anosimbiswa se "welding giredhi," ayo anowanzo kuve neakanyanya kuchena mwero (semuenzaniso, 99.99% kana kupfuura kune argon).

• Silinda Kubata: Kuchengetedza kwakakodzera uye kubata masilinda kwakakosha kuchengetedza gasi kuchena. Chengeta mavharuvhu akavharwa kana asiri kushandiswa uye dzivirira kuisa masilinda kune tembiricha yakanyanyisa.

• Delivery Systems: Ita shuwa kuti maregulator ako, hosi, uye flowmeters dzakachena, hadzina kubuda, uye dzakagadzirirwa gasi chairo riri kushandiswa.

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Mhedziso

Kusarudza iyo gasi remaindasitiri chairo welding nekucheka inhanho yakakosha mukuwana mhedzisiro yemhando yepamusoro, inoshanda, uye inodhura. Nekunzwisisa zvimiro zveakasiyana ekudzivirira magasi uye ekucheka magasi, uye nekuaenzanisa kune ako chaiwo maitiro uye zvinhu, unogona kukwidziridza mashandiro ako uye kuve nechokwadi chekuvimbika kwebasa rako. Usazengure kubvunzana nemutengesi wako wegasi kana mugadziri wemidziyo yewelding kuti uwane kurudziro zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvako zvekushandisa.