Fungidzira madiki emakomputa machipisi anosimba foni yako, yako laptop, kunyange mota yako. Izvi zvishandiso zvakaoma zvakavakirwa zvinovakwa nekunyanyisa chaiko, uye pamwoyo yekugadzira kwavo kunonamira yakanyarara asi yakakosha simba: Specialty magasi. Ichi chinyorwa chinoongorora icho chiitiko chakakosha kuita aya ekupedzisira magasi anotamba muSemiconductor uye Electronics Maindasitiri, achitsanangura kuti nei maitiro avo ari kutangisa uye kuti vanogonesa sei Kugadzira yehunyanzvi tekinoroji yatinovimba nezuva rega rega. Funga nezvazvo seizvi: aya magasi ndiwo akavanzika angories anoita zvazvino Electronics zvinogoneka. Kunzwisisa kukosha kwavo ndeye kiyi yekunzwisisa ramangwana rehunyanzvi.

Kusvitswa muzvinyorwa: Basa rinokosha remagasi

Ngationgororei imwe yemibvunzo iyi yakadzama.

1. Chii chinoita gasi a "semiconductor gasi" kana "magetsi akakosha gasi"?

Kwete zvese gasi yakagadzirwa yakaenzana, kunyanya kana zvasvika pakuita kwakashata kwe Semiconductor gadzira. Semicononductor magasi, zvakare anozivikanwa se Electronic Specialty Gasi, iva nemazinga akasarudzika e kuchena. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vanenge vachisanganiswa zvachose nezvakagadzirirwa gasi, ine zvinhu zvinoverengeka zvezvimwe zvinhu, kazhinji zvinoyerwa muzvikamu pamabhiriyoni (PPB). Kusiyana Magasi mazhinji inoshandiswa mune mamwe maindasitiri, izvi Specialty magasi idzo injini yezvirevo zvadzo zvemakemikari uye kugona kwavo kuita zvisingaravirire mabasa mu Kugadzira zvekuomarara zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi. Izvi magasi anoshandiswa kwete seyakagadzirwa zvinhu, asi sevatori vechikamu vanoshomeka mune yakaoma kunzwisisa makemikari maitiro izvo zvinovaka Semiconductor Matombo.

Hunhu hunotsanangura hwe magetsi akakosha gasi ishe yayo Kuchenesa maitiro magasi. Izvi magasi uye gasi musanganiswa zvinowanzoitika kana inert, kusarudzwa zvakanyatsosarudzwa nekuda kwekugona kwavo Etch, dope, kana gadzira zvakananga matare pane a Silicon Wafer. Semuenzaniso, vamwe magasi anoshandiswa kuisa mafirimu akaonda (kuiswa), nepo vamwe vachishandiswa mu Etchmaitiro ekubvisa zvisingadiwe zvinhu. The the stringent zvinodiwa zve zvemagetsi indasitiri kuda Zvekushandisa zvakakwirira-kuchena Kuve nechokwadi chekuvimbika uye kuita kwekupedzisira zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi. Iwe unogona kuongorora mhando yedu yemagasi kuti unzwisise kusiyanisa kunowanikwa.

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Fungidzira uchiedza kuvaka skyscraper nezvidhinha zvezvidhinha - hazvingoshande. Zvakafanana, iyo Kugadzira of semicononductor machipisi anoda Ultra-yakanyanya kuchena. Kunyange trace huwandu hwe Kusachena mu magasi anoshandiswa inogona kuva nemhedzisiro yematambudziko. Izvi Kusachena zvinhu, senge oksijeni uye kunyorova, inogona kukanganisa neiyo inonetesa makemikari maitiro Munguva semiconductor kugadzirwa, inotungamira kuremara uye pakupedzisira, kutadza kwe Semiconductor Matombo.

The the mwero wekuchena zvinodiwa magasi muMicononductor Kugadzira ndizvo Pakati penzvimbo inonyanya kuoma munyika. Tiri kutaura nezvazvo Ultra-yakanyanya kuchena, ipo pamativi emabhiriyoni ekuzvisvibisa anogona kukanganisa. Semuenzaniso, kuvapo kwekusadaidzwa ions inogona kushandura zvivakwa zvemagetsi zve silicon, kududzira the wafer hazvina basa. Izvi ndosaka meticulous mhando yekudzora uye Advanced kucheneswa Maitiro anokosha akakosha kune chero mutengesi of semicononductor magasi. Funga nezvazvo sekubika keke - kunyangwe zvidiki zvidiki zvezvakashata zvisina kunaka zvinogona kukanganisa chinhu chose.

3. Ndeapi magasi ndeyekuti maashandisirwo eiyo Semiconductor Indasitiri?

Nepo zvakawanda Specialty magasi Rimwe basa, vamwe vanokwanisa kuita basa mune Semiconductor Indasitiri. Nitrogen inoshandiswa zvakanyanya se inert gasi kugadzira mamiriro ekudzora, kudzivirira kusingadiwe makemikari maitiro. Argon, imwe inert zvisingawanzo gasi, zvakare zvakakosha kuti ugadzire nzvimbo idzi dzakadzorwa, kunyanya mukupuruzira uye zvimwe kuiswa maitiro. Hydrogen inoita basa rakakosha mukuderedza oxide matanda uye semutakuri gasi.

Kupfuura izvi, oxygen inoshandiswa mune oxidation maitiro ekugadzira silicon dioxide, zvinhu zvakakosha zvekushandisa. Carbon dioxide Inowana maficha mune vamwe Etchmaitiro. Helium, imwe zvisingawanzo gasi, inoshandiswa pakukwezva uye sekwanagenic inotonhorera. Kunzwisisa izvo zvakananga zvivakwa zveumwe neumwe gasi inokosha yekugadzirisa matanho akasiyana siyana e Semiconductor Fibraction. Kungofanana nemidziyo dzakasiyana siyana dzinodiwa kumabasa akasiyana, akasiyana magasi dzinodiwa pamatanho akasiyana pakugadzira chip. Unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve yedu yakakwirira-mhando Nitrogen cylinder Sarudzo.

4. Hydrogen yakashandiswa zvakananga sei muSemiconductor uye zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvinoitwa?

Hydrogen chinhu chanies gasi Nezvakawanda zvekunyepedzera zvinoshandiswa mukati semicononductor uye zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvinogadzirwa. Imwe yeiyo yekutanga kushandiswa kuri mukudzikiswa kwesimbi oxides. Munguva yemamwe matanho e Semiconductor Fibraction, zvisingadiwe oxide zvikamu zvinogona kuumba pane Silicon Wafer. Yakakwirira-Kuchena hydrogen zviito sekuderedza mumiririri, kuita ne oxide kuibvisa uye kusiya akachenesa silicon pamusoro.

Uyezve, hydrogen inowanzoshandiswa seinotakura gasi mune dzakasiyana siyana kuiswa maitiro. Inobatsira kutakura mamwe maitiro magasi ku wafer pamusoro nenzira inodzorwa, ichisimbisa yunifomu yemafirimu. Iyo inowedzera kutarisa pane yekuchengetedza iri zvakare kutyaira kufarira Green Hydrogen Kune aya mafomu. Kudzora chaiko kunopihwa na hydrogen inoiita chishandiso chakakosha mukugadzira iyo yakaoma mashonga emicrochips. Tinopa yakavimbika Hydrogen cylinder mhinduro dzezvaunoda.

5. Ko nitrogen inotamba sei mukuona kunaka mumiconondductor indasitiri?

Nitrogen iri ubiquitous uye yakakosha gasi mu Semiconductor Indasitiri, kunyanya nekuda kwayo inert zvisikwa. Basa rayo rinokosha ndere kugadzira uye kuchengetedza mamiriro ezvinhu akasununguka kubva kune anogadzirisa zvinhu senge oxygen uye kunyorova, izvo zvinogona kusvibisa iyo inotarisisa semiconductor zvinhu uye kukanganisa makemikari maitiro. Funga nezvazvo segumbeze rinodzivirira rekugadzira maitiro.

Mumatanho akasiyana siyana e Semiconductor Fibraction, kubva kuCrystal kukura kusvika wafer kugadzirisa nekereke, nitrogen inoshandiswa kuchenesa michina, gadzira nharaunda dzekuchenesa, uye kudzivirira oxidation. Izvi zvinobatsira kuderedza kuremara uye uve nechokwadi chekuti ukuru hwemhando uye kuvimbika kweiyo yekupedzisira Semiconductor Matombo. Iyo inowirirana uye yakavimbika kuwanikwa kwekuchena kwakanyanya nitrogen saka chibvumirano che Semiconductor Vagadziri. Ongorora Yedu Yakasiyana Vakasiyana Nitrogen Swevers sarudzo dzekuona kuti kugadzirwa kwako kunomhanya zvakanaka.

6. Nei argon achiwanzo farira serer gasi mumicononductor maitiro?

Zvakafanana nitrogen, Argon iri zvakanaka gasi uye saka makemikari inert, ichiita sarudzo yakanaka kwazvo yekugadzira inodzorwa mamiriro ekudzora mukati Semiconductor maitiro. Nepo nitrogen inoshandiswa zvakanyanya, Argon inopa zvimwe zvakanakira mune zvakanyatso. Iyo yepamusoro yeatomu uremu uchienzaniswa ne nitrogen inoita kuti ibudirire pakudzivirira kusiyana kwekusadaidzwa Kusachena maatomu.

Argon inowanzo shandiswa mukupuruzira, a kuiswa maitiro emaitiro ekutarisirwa anokandirwa nawo ions, zvichikonzera maatomu kuti abviswe uye akaiswa seyakaonda firimu pane wafer. Inserness yayo inodzivirira kubva pakuita nezvinhu zvevanotarisirwa kana firimu rakaiswa. Argon inoshandiswawo mu plasma Etchmaitiro. Kunge nitrogen, kugovera kuisirwa kwekuchena kwakanyanya Argon Zvakakosha kuti uchengete kutendeka kwe Kugadzira maitiro. Funga nezvezvatakavimbika Argon gasi cylinder Sarudzo dze yako.

7. Kupfuura zvigadziko: Ndeapi mamwe magetsi akakosha magedhi akakosha?

Nepo hydrogen, nitrogen, uye Argon ndezvehuwandu, huwandu hweimwe Electronic Specialty Gasi inokosha kune chaiyo yekushandisa mukati Semiconductor gadzira. Phosphine kiyi Dopant Kwayedza yekuunza phosphorous mukati silicon, kushandura maitiro ayo magetsi. Saizvozvo, arsine (ine arsenic) uye diborane (ine Boron) anoshandiswa se Dopants.

Helium, Chiedza zvisingawanzo gasi, inoshandiswa pakuonekwa kweblue mumasisitimu ecuum uye seyekutenderedza mumiririri nekuda kweiyo yakaderera yekubika point. Fluorine-Containing magasi, senge sarufa hexfluoride, inoshandiswa mu plasma Etching nekuda kwekugona kwavo kusarudzika kubvisa zvinhu. Iyo chaiyo yekusanganiswa ye magasi uye gasi musanganiswa Inoshandiswa zvinoenderana nechidimbu chaicho Semiconductor maitiro kubatanidzwa. Isu tinopa yakafara mhando yemagasi kusangana nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvinobatsira.

8. Ndeapi matanho anonetesa anoona kuti kuchena kwakanyanya kweSemiconductor magasi?

Kuchengetedza Ultra yakanyanya kuchena of semicononductor magasi inoda nzira yakawanda-yakarongedzwa nenzira yakanyanya stringent zviyero panzvimbo yega yega, kubva pakugadzira kuburitsa. Kucheneswa Maitiro anosanganisira maitiro epamberi kunge distillation, adsorption, uye membrane kupatsanurana kubvisa kunyange trace huwandu hwe Kusachena. Zvakaringana Anginezers inoshandiswa kuenderera mberi nekutarisa Kuchena kwegesi.

CylinderS inoshandiswa pakuchengetedza uye kutakura izvi magasi pasi pekuchenesa uye kuyedza kudzivirira kusvibiswa. Mutengesis mune iyi indasitiri inofanira kuomerera kumusoro mhando yekudzora Zviyero uye kazhinji zvinobata zvitupa zvinoratidzira kugona kwavo kusangana izvi zvinodiwa zvinodiwa. Iyo yese yekutengesa tambo yakagadzirirwa kuderedza njodzi yekuunza chero Kusachena mune izvi zvinokosheswa zvinhu. Fekitori yedu ine gumi nemitero yekugadzira 7 inovimbisa huwandu hwepamusoro hwekuchena.

9. Kusachena mumiiconductor magasi anokanganisa chigadzirwa chekupedzisira chemagetsi?

Kukanganisa kwekutadza kuwanda kwe Kusachena mukati semicononductor magasi inogona kuve yakakosha, inotungamira kuremara uye yakaderedzwa kuita mune yekupedzisira zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi. Zvinosvibisa zvinogona kukanganisa simba makemikari maitiro Munguva kuiswa uye Etching, inotungamira kune isina-yunifomu matare kana isingadiwe etching. Kusachena maatomu anogona zvakare kubatanidzwa mukati silicon lattice, inoshandura zvimiro zvemagetsi zvemagetsi uye zvinogona kukonzera kukundikana kwemudziyo.

Pakupedzisira, Kusachena inogona kuderedza goho rekushanda Semiconductor Matombo, wedzera mari yekugadzira, uye inokanganisa kuvimbika kwekupedzisira Electronics. Ndokusaka Semiconductor Indasitiri nzvimbo dzakasimba dzakasimba pane Kuchena kwegesi uye unoshanda zvakanyanya ne mutengesianogona kuvimbisa zvinodiwa Ultra-yakanyanya kuchena. Fungidzira kuti chidimbu chimwe cheguruva chinoparadza microscopic wedunhu - ndiyo chiyero chezvinetso.

10. Kutarisa Mberi: Ndeapi mararamiro emangwana mumagasi e semiconductor neyemagetsi?

The the Semiconductor Indasitiri inogara ichishanduka, uye zvido zvacho semicononductor magasi vari kuchinja nazvo. Zviitiko zvinosanganisira kuwedzera kudiwa kwekunyanyisa Kuchiva magasi Sechimiro saizi pamachipisi shrink. Kune zvakare chinhu chiri kukura chekutanga pane kuvandudza nyowani Specialty magasi uye magasi uye musanganiswa nenharembozha dzakavandudzwa dzehunyanzvi hwekugadzira hwekugadzira.

Sustainability ndiyo imwe kiyi mutyairi, nekuwedzera kufarira mukati Green Hydrogen uye kumwe kune zvakasarudzika magasi. Kuvandudzwa kwekufambira mberi Anginezer tekinoroji yekuona kunyange yakaderera mazinga e Kusachena ichave zvakare yakakosha. Ramangwana re Electronics inoshandisirwa zvisingaenzaniswi nekufambira mberi mukugadzirwa uye kubata kweizvi zvakakosha magasi.

Key Dealoways: Kukosha kweMemiconductor magasi

• Specialty magasi na Ultra-yakanyanya kuchena zvakakosha here Semicononductor uye Electronics Kugadzira.
• Kunyange trace huwandu hwe Kusachena inogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kunaka uye kuvimbika kwe zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi.
• Nitrogen uye Argon inokosha yekugadzira inert pamhepo, nepo hydrogen yakakosha pakuderedza uye kutakura zvikumbiro.
• Mhando yeimwe Electronic Specialty Gasi, se Phosphine uye Helium, inoshandiswa kune yakatarwa maitiro.
• Matanho akaomarara ari munzvimbo yekuona kuti Kuchena kwakanyanya zveizvi magasi Muketani yekupa.
• Ramangwana re zvemagetsi indasitiri zvinoenderana nekuenderera mberi kwekunyepedzera mukati semiconductor gasi Tekinoroji.

Zvekuvimbika Zvekushandisa zvakakwirira-kuchena magashama endama, kusanganisira nitrogen, Argon, uye hydrogen, taura nesu kuHuazhong gasi. Iwe unogona zvakare kuongorora zvipiriso zvedu Tembiricha yakadzika inosimbisa gasi cylinder uye yedu mhando ye Argon gasi cylinder.