Nhanho mune chero fekitori yemazuva ano, laboratori, kana chipatara, uye iwe uchavawana. Ivo vakanyarara, vasina hanya vanobatana mune zvisingaverengeki maitiro, kubva pakuratidzira chimiro chefaira yekuchengetedza chikafu chako chitsva. Ndiri kutaura nezvazvo gasi reindasitiri uye Tekinoroji gasi. Semuridzi wefari, muridzi wefekitori kuChina aine minomwe yekugadzira mitsara, ndapedza basa rangu nzwisiso zvishandiso zvine simba. Bhizinesi rangu rinobudirira pakupa magasi akanyanya-akanyanya kune vatengi pasi rose, kubva kuUSA kuEurope. Ini ndashanda nevashandi vasingaverengeki vekugadzira semako, vatungamiriri vanosarudza, vanokumbira mhando asi vanogara vachitsvaga kumisikidzwa. Ichi chinyorwa ndezvenyu, mucherechedzo, uye kune wese anovimba nemagasi aya. Tichadzosera chidzitiro pane izvo magasi aya, maitiro avanoita, uye zvakanyanya kukosha, maitiro ekushandisa ivo nekukwira kuchengetedzwa uye kushanda zvakanaka. Iyi ndiyo yako nyanzvi yekufambisa nyika ye magasi muindasitiri.

Ndezvipi chaizvo maindasitiri uye ehunyanzvi magasi?

Kutanga, ngatirambei mazwi. "Gasi Remaindasitiri" uye "Tekinoroji gasi"dzinowanzo shandiswa nenzira inoshandurwa. Vanoreva boka remagasi rinogadzirwa kuti rishandiswe mukati Maindasitiri uye anogadzira maitiro. Kusiyana nemhepo yatinofema (iyo iri musanganiswa wechisikigo), magasi aya akapatsanurwa uye akacheneswa nekuda kwezvinangwa chaizvo. Zvakajairika pane izvi-oxygen, nitrogen, uye Argon-Akugadzirwa nemhepo inotonhorera pasi kusvika yave iri mvura uye yobva yaipatsanura zvikamu, maitiro anonzi CRYGNIC Mhepo kuparadzaniswa kwemhepo. Mamwe magasi, senge hydrogen, inogona kugadzirwa kuburikidza nemaitiro anonzi Steam-methane shanduko kubva gasi rechisikigo, nepo acetylene yakagadzirwa kuburikidza neyakananga makemikari maitiro.

Izvi magasi kazhinji inopihwa kune vatengi mune maviri makuru mafomu: Sechiratidzo cheClyogenic mvura mumatangi akakura, ane mashambadziri emashandisi akakwirira-vhoriyamu, kana se Yakamanikidzwa Gasi Mukumanikidza gasi cylinders yezvidiki-vhoriyamu zvikumbiro. Iyo chaiyo gasi kana musanganiswa wakasarudzwa kubva pane yayo yakasarudzika makemikari zvivakwa. Semuenzaniso, mamwe magasi ane hunyanzvi zvakanyanya (senge oxygen), nepo vamwe vari voga vasingaiti zvachose, kana inert (senge Argon). Kunzwisisa izvi zvivakwa ndiyo yekutanga nhanho mukubatanidza simba ravo.

The the Global Industral Gasi Musika yakakura nekuti zvigadzirwa izvi zvakakosha kune vangangoita chikamu chese. Kubva pamamiriyoni esimbi anovaka maguta edu kune mafekitori emagetsi ayo anogadzira edu mana-smartphones, Magetsi magasi anotamba basa rakakosha. Ivo havasi iyo yekupedzisira chigadzirwa chaunotenga, asi ndizvo zvakakosha vanokwanisa zvinoita kuti zvigadzirwa iwaite. Chiyero chehari uye akasiyana-siyana ekushandisa kwavo ndizvo zvinoita gasi chikamu yakanyanya kusimba uye yakaoma kune hupfumi hwepasi rese.

Oksijeni, mweya wehupenyu, unoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri sei?

Tichidikanwa oxygen Kurarama, basa rayo muindasitiri rakakosha. Oxygen Gasi rinopindirana kwazvo, rinova nzvimbo iyo maindasitiri anoiswa mukushandiswa kukuru. Yayo yekutanga application, accounting kweanopfuura hafu yekushandisa kwayo maindasitiri, iri muindasitiri yesimbi. Kana uchigadzira simbi, yakachena oxygen rakaputika resimbi yakanyungudutswa. Uku kwakanyanya oxidation Maitiro anobvisa kusvibiswa senge kabhoni, achigadzira akasimba, akanyanya-mhando simbi zvakanyanya zvakanyanya. Iyi ndeimwe yemienzaniso yakajeka yeiyo Maindasitiri magasi anotamba chikamu chakakosha mukugadzira zvinorema.

Beyond Simbi, oxygen ibwe rakawanda revanhu vazhinji makemikari maitiro uye Chokina Maitiro. Mukati Welding uye kucheka, inoshandiswa nefeti yemafuta senge acetylene Kugadzira murazvo unopisa kwazvo uyo unogona kutsvedza kuburikidza nehurefu hwesimbi. Iyi ndiyo nzira yakakosha mukuvaka uye fungidziro yesimbi. Chemical indasitiri zvakare inoshandisa oxygen Sechikanganiso uye chakajaira Synthesis zvekushandisa kakawanda. Zvine zvakakosha Zvikumbiro mukurapwa kwemvura, paanoshandiswa kusimbisa mvura uye kubatsira kubvisa polutants.

Ehe, hatigone kukanganwa basa rayo muhutano. Medical-giredhi oxygen inzira yehupenyu hwevarwere nenyaya dzekufema. The the Kuchena kwakanyanya zvekurapa oxygen inorondedzerwa zvakanyatsogadziriswa, sekusvibiswa kunogona kukuvadza. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti dingindira rakakosha muindasiti gasi: Gasi rekuchena kurudyi, rakakosha pakushandisa. Kune vashoma kwazvo zvinhu izvo okisijeni haasanganisiri, kuita kuti zviitiko zvayo chishandiso chine simba kupfuura Maindasitiri mazhinji.

Nei nitrogen yekupedzisira Dziviriro muindasitiri yechikafu uye kupfuura?

Kana oxygen ndiyo gasi rekuita, nitrogen ndiyo gasi rekudzivirira. Nitrogen inogadzira anenge 78% yemamiriro edu emhepo uye inokosheswa muindasitiri yekuve Inerer Gasi-Kunyaradza hazvibvumirane nezvimwe zvinhu. Ichi chivakwa chinoita kuti zvibatsire zvinoshamisa zvekudzivirira kusingadiwe oxidation. Imwe yenzvimbo dzinozivikanwa kwazvo dzaunoona izvi mukuita zviri mukati chikafu chekudya. Paunovhura bhegi rezviputi matata, iyo puff yemhepo haisi mhepo chete; zvinonyanya nitrogen. Nitrogen inoshandiswa kudzinga oxygen, izvo zvaizoita machipisi stale uye maoiri rancid. Maitiro aya, anonzi akagadziridzwa mamiriro ekunze ekuputika (mepu), inowedzera hupenyu hwesherufu uye inochengetedza chikafu chitsva.

Unhu uhwu hwekudzivirira hwakakosha mune zvimwe zvakawanda Maindasitiri zvikamu. Mukugadzira zvemagetsi kugadzira, nitrogen inogadzira inert intermphere yekudzivirira kuremara panguva yekutengesa yemabhodhi edunhu. Maindasitiri emakemikari uye peturuleum anoshandisa nitrogen ku "gumbeze" matangi ekuchengetedza ane zvinwiwa zvinopisa. Izvi nitrogen Blanket inodzivirira iyo mvura kubva mukusangana nemhepo, zvakanyanya kuderedza njodzi yemoto kana kuputika. Zviri kazhinji inoshandiswa mune izvi zvinoshoreka ekuchengetedza maficha.

Uyezve, kana ichitonhorera kune yayo yemvura yenyika (-196 ° C or -320 ° F), nitrogen inova ine simba cryogenic mumiririri. Mvura nitrogen inoshandiswa kune chikafu chinopenya-chinotonhora, kuchengetedza masampulogical samples, uye nenzira dzakasiyana dzekurapa. Kubva ku chikafu uye chinwiwa indasitiri kune yepamusoro-tech kugadzira, iyo yakapusa, isinga tsanangurike chimiro che nitrogen inoita kuti ive imwe yeiyo inopesana nayo uye Wakawanda akashandiswa magasitiri maindasitiri.

Ndeipi basa remagasi akanaka senge argon uye helium mune yakakwirira-tech maitiro?

Kupfuura oxygen uye nitrogen, pane kirasi yakakosha yezvinhu zvinozivikanwa se gasi rakanaka mhuri. Aya magasi, zvinosanganisira Helium uye Argon, inotonyanya kukosha pane nitrogen. Izvi zvinovaita kuti vazive zvibodzwa zvakanyanyisa kuti kunyangwe maitiro mashoma haagoni kutenderedzwa. Argon ndiyo Champion isingazivikanwe munyika ye Welding uye simbi Kubira. Kana iwe weld simbi senge simbi isina tsvina kana aluminium, ivo vanonyanya kutambudzika pakuita ne oxygen uye nitrogen mudenga pakupisa kwakanyanya, uko kwaizopera simba weld.

Kudzivirira izvi, kuyerera kwe Argon inoshandiswa segasi rekuvhara. The the Argon inogadzira bubble yekudzivirira yakatenderedza simbi yakanyungudutswa, ichiparadzanisa kubva mumhepo uye ichireva yakasimba, yakachena weld. Ndokusaka Argon inokosha kwazvo kune yakakwirira-mhando mhepo. Nekuti i gasi rakanaka, hazviite nesimbi zvachose, zvichiita kuti ive yepamusoro gasi rekudzivirira kuti nitrogen kune zvimwe zvinhu. Inerer magasi akadai saArgon Kiyi yekukara kwemazuva ano.

Helium, yechipiri-yakareruka chinhu, ine yayo yakasarudzika seti yehunyanzvi. Nechinguvana inoshandiswa segasi rekuvhara, zvivakwa zvayo zvakakurumbira ndizvo zvakaderera density uye iyo yakanyanya kuderera inoyevedza point. Iyo inoshandiswa kuerera mabharuni makuru uye arirship. Mune munda wekurapa, ipfungwa yayo yekubika inodonha ichitsoropodza kutonhora iyo Superconducting magnts muMRI michina. Helium inoshandiswawo mukugadzira kugadzirwa kwekusvetuka; Nekuti maatomu ayo mashoma, anogona kuwana madiki madiki ayo mamwe magasi haakwanise. Seganda rinoshamisa uye risingaiti, Helium inoshanda seinotakura gasi mugesi chromatography, nzira inokosha mukuongorora kwemakemikari.

Magasi ekusangana akaita sei senge acetylene uye hydrogen mafuta maindasitiri masimba masimba?

Nepo inert magasi kudzivirira maitiro, zvimwe magashama endama vanoshandiswa chaizvo nekuti ivo vanonetseka. Acetylene zvimwe inonyanya kuzivikanwa yeizvi mugwara renyika. Rini acetylene inosanganiswa neakachena oxygen, inoburitsa imwe yemirazvo inopisa inotengeswa, inosvika mazana matatu emazana matatu ° F). Uku kupisa kwakanyanya kwakakwana kune oxy-acetylene Welding uye kucheka. Magasi senge acetylene Bvumira machira ekukurumidza kucheka kuburikidza nekurema simbi mahwendefa kana weld mumamiriro ezvinhu apo magetsi arc welc tulting haishande. Yayo yakakwira murazvo tembiricha inoiita chishandiso chakakosha.

Hydrogen, chinhu chakareruka, ndechimwe chinongedzo chemagetsi chine rondedzero inokura ye Zvizhinji zvekushandisa. Kwemakumi emakore, iyo yakave chinhu chakakosha muindasitiri yepeturu yekuisimudzira mafuta akasvibira mumafuta akanatswa. Izvo zvakare zvakakosha zvinongedzo mumakemikari Kugadzira Maitiro, kusanganisira iyo kugadzirwa kwe methanol neammonia, iyo yekupedzisira ichikosha pakugadzira fetiraiza. Aya makuru-chiyero Maindasitiri ekushandisa tora mamirioni ematani e hydrogen gore rega rega.

Nhasi, hydrogen zvakare kumberi kwesimba rakachena reshanduko. Inogona kushandiswa mumasero mafuta ekugadzira magetsi nemvura chete sechipfuva, uye iri kuongororwa kunge mafuta akachena kune zvese kubva kumotokari kuenda kumotokari. Semutengesi, takaona kuvhiyiwa mukuda kwe Hydrogen yekutsvaga uye matsva esimba mashandisirwo. Basa rayo rose pane zvese zvehupamhi maindasitiri emakemikari uye mafuta emangwana anoiita imwe yeanonyanya kukosha magasi emagetsi shandisa.

Ko carbon dioxide zvinopfuura kungo fizz mune yako chinwiwa?

Kana vanhu vazhinji vachifunga nezvazvo carbon dioxide (Co₂), ivo vanofunga nezvemabhubu muSoda. Uye zvechokwadi, chikafu uye chinwiwa indasitiri ishandisi yakakura yeCo₂ yezvinwiwa zvekunwa. Asi iyo yekushandisa inosvika kure kupfuura iyo. Kunge nitrogen, carbon dioxide inogona kushandiswa mune yakagadziriswa mamiriro ekunze pa chikafu chekudya kuwedzera hupenyu hwesherufu hwezvigadzirwa senge nyama uye cheeses. Yayo acidic chaiyo kana ikanyungudika mumvura inobatsira kudzivirira kukura kwehutachiona hwehutachiona.

Mune yayo yakasimba fomu, carbon dioxide inozivikanwa seyakaoma chando, ine simba inotonhorera mumiriri ndeye zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya zvekutakura chikafu chando uye zvekurapa zvekurapa. Iyo ine mukana wekuzvisarudzira-kutendeuka zvakananga kubva kune yakasimba kune gasi-saka haina kusiya mvura yakasara. Kupfuura chikafu uye chinwiwa, co₂ ane hukuru Zvikumbiro mukurapwa kwemvura. Izvo zvinoshandiswa kusarerekera mvura alkaline mvura, ichipa imwe yakachengeteka uye isinganyanyodzana neimwe nzira yekushomeka kune hutsinye mineral acids.

Co₂ zvakare zvakare inodzivirira yemoto inodzivirira. Inoshanda nekumisikidza oxygen, kubira moto wezvaanoda kupisa, uye nekupa maitiro ekutonhora. Iyo inowanzoshandiswa mune otomatiki yemoto dziviriro masisitimu emakamuri epa server kana dzimwe nzvimbo dzenzvimbo dzemagetsi dzemagetsi idzo gadziriro yemvura inokonzeresa. Kubva pakuchengeta chikafu chedu chitsva kuti chidzivirire data redu, carbon dioxide ishoko zvinoshamisa gasi reindasitiri. Isu tinopa huwandu hwe Carbon dioxide cylinders kusangana nezvido zvakasiyana siyana zvakasiyana.

Ndeapi magasi akakosha uye nei kuchena kwakanyanya kuchishora?

Izwi iri Specialty magasi zvinoreva kune yakakwirira-yekuchena magasi kana gasi musanganiswa inoshandiswa mukunyatsoziva, technical application. Nepo maindasitiri-giredhi Argon Inogona kunge iri 99.9% yakachena, gasi rakachena regedhi rekutsvagisa Mune izvi Maindasitiri marongero, kunyangwe kusvibiswa kwemugodhi kunogona kukanganisa maitiro anotyisa kana kuedza kudhura.

Ichi chikamu chinosanganisira ma gasi akachena senge Helium for chromatography, pamwe nekuoma Misanganiswa yegesi. Iyi misanganiswa ndiyo magasi egirini, chaizvo zvakasanganiswa kuti zviongororwe uye zvakarindira zviridzwa zvekuongorora, zvakadai sekutungamidza kwematendekwano monitors kana zvekushandisa zvekurapa. Iko kurongeka kwezvizvi zviridzwa zvinoenderana zvachose pane inozivikanwa, yakasimbiswa kuumbwa kwegasi regirini. Iyi inzvimbo iyo preciision uye mhando yekudzora haina kukosha chete - ndiyo izere chigadzirwa.

Kuti uwane mukuru wekutakura saMark, ino ndipo paunovimba nemutengesi. Chitupa chekutengesa injodzi chaiyo, uye mhedzisiro yekushandisa gasi isina kuchena muchirongwa chakakosha chinogona kuve njodzi. Semunhu anogadzira, ini handigoni kusimbisa izvi zvakakwana: gara uchishanda nevatengesi vanogona kupa zvitupa zvakadzama zvekuongorora uye avo vane simba rekudzora, rinopamba maitiro ekutonga. Zvinodiwa Specialty magasi iTestamende Kupi Indasitiri Inoshandisa Izvi zvakakosha zvinhu.

Ungaita sei kuti uvimbise kuchengeteka pakubata gasi dzakamanikidzwa?

Kushanda na magashama endama yakachengeteka, asi inoda ruzivo uye kuremekedza chigadzirwa. Ruzhinji rwe Magashama eindasitiri anoshandiswa zvakachengeteka zuva rega rega kuyambuka a Yakawanda renzvimbo dzeindasitiri. Iyo yekutanga njodzi inouya kubva mukumanikidzwa kwepamusoro mukati gasi cylinders uye iyo chaiyo gadziriro yegesi pachayo (i.e., kupisa kana kugona kwayo kudzinga oxygen). Kudzidziswa kwakakodzera ndiyo yekutanga uye inonyanya kukosha nhanho. Chero munhu anobata gasi cylinders inofanira kudzidziswa nzira yekufamba, chengetedza, uye nekuvabatanidza nenzira kwayo.

Cylinders inofanira kugara yakachengetedzwa munzvimbo yakatwasuka yekuvadzivirira kubva pakuwira pamusoro, iyo yaigona kukuvadza vheti uye kutungamira kukurumidza kusunungurwa, kusingadzoreki kuburitswa kwegesi. Kuchengeterwa kwakakodzera kwakakoshawo, kunyanya kana uchishanda nemagasi ane simba senge nitrogen kana Argon. Munzvimbo yakavharidzirwa, kubhururuka kweaya magasi kunogona kudzinga mweya wekufema, uchigadzira hazyxiation yakakomba yeasphyxiation. Zvakafanana, zvinopisa magasi uye musanganiswa kunge hydrogen kana acetylene inofanira kuchengetwa kure kubva kune chero vangangoita manhamba.

Chekupedzisira, gara uchishandisa iyo chaiyo yekudzora uye michina yeiyo chaiyo gasi iwe yauri kushandisa. Vatungamire oxygen vanovakwa zvakasiyana neavo acetylene kubata iyo yakasarudzika zvivakwa zvegasi rega rega zvakachengeteka. Uchishandisa zvishandiso zvisiri izvo zvinogona kutungamira mukukundikana uye nekukanganisa njodzi. Nekutevera yakagadzika kuchengetedza protocol uye kushamwaridzana nemutengesi anopa makwenzi akanyatsochengetedzwa uye ruzivo rwakachena rwekuchengetedza, iwe unogona kuona kuti magashama endama Rambai zvishandiso zvine simba zvavakafanirwa kuve.

Chii chaunofanira kutarisa mune yakavimbika maindasitiri gasi mutengesi?

Kune muridzi wekambani uye mutambi wekutakura saMark, kusarudza mutengesi wekutengesa isarudzo inokanganisa zvese kubva pakugadzirwa kwemhando yekugadzira. Mutengo uyu unogara uri chinhu, asi hunhu, kuvimbika, uye kutaurirana kunonyanya kutsoropodza mukufamba kwenguva. Chinhu chekutanga kutsvaga chiratidzo chehunhu. Bvunza Certification uye usazeza kubvunza nezve yavo yekudzora maitiro maitiro. Mutengesi akanaka anozodada kukuratidza kuti anovimbisa sei kuchena uye kusawirirana kwavo magasi uye gasi musanganiswa.

Logistics uye kupa tambo kuvimbika inzvimbo huru yekurwadziwa. Kutakura kunonoka kudzima mutsara wekugadzira. Mutengesi akasimba ane robust logistics network uye yakajeka yekutaurirana nzira. Semuridzi wefekitori pachangu, ndinoziva kuti zvinokanganisa sei kana mutengesi asingateereri. Isu tinotangisa kutaurirana kwakajeka uye kunobudirira nekuti isu tinoziva vatengi vedu vekugadzirwa kwevatengi vimba nemagiripi endustral Kusvika nenguva. Isu tinotumira kuUSA, North America, uye Europe, saka isu tine ruzivo rwakadzama mukugadzirisa zvakaoma nguva dzekunze.

Chekupedzisira, tsvaga waunofambidzana nehunyanzvi hunyanzvi. Mutengesi akanaka haangakutengesere silinda; vanogona kupa zano pane iro gasi rakanakisa rekushandisa kwako, batsira iwe unogadzirisa maitiro ako, uye upe rutsigiro rwekuona kuchengetedzwa uye kushanda zvakanaka. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha Zvimwe zvakawanda zvinoshandiswa zvinosanganisira Specialty magasi kana maitiro akaoma. Mudiwa chaiye ndeyekuwedzera kwechikwata chako pachako, zvichikonzera kubudirira kwako.

Mashandiro egasi anovhura sei hunyanzvi hutsva hwekugadzira maindasitiri maitiro?

Nepo magasi akachena ane Zvikumbiro zvakawanda, sainzi ye Misanganiswa yegesi inovhura iyo nyika yakafara yemikana. A musanganiswa wegesi Icho chiitiko chaicho chakaringana chemaso maviri kana anopfuura akagadzirirwa kuzadzisa chaiyo mhedzisiro iyo imwe gasi haigone. Muenzaniso wakajairika kwazvo uri muWelding. Nepo ndakachena Argon yakakura Kuchengetedzeka Gasi, kuwedzera chidiki chidiki che carbon dioxide inogona kuumba imwe yakagadzikana arc uye inopisa, yakawanda fluid weld dziva, inokonzeresa mune yeldal tels kune mamwe marudzi esimbi. Izvi zvakasanganiswa inoshandiswa mukubatana neiyo gasi regesi kuti iwane-tune tune thelding maitiro.

Idzi tsika dzetsika dzakashamisika Maindasitiri akati wandei. Mu Indasitiri yechikafu, musanganiswa chaiwo we carbon dioxide, nitrogen, uye oxygen inoshandiswa kugadzira iyo yakakwana mamiriro ekuchengetedza mhando dzakasiyana dzekudya, kubva kune tsvuku nyama kune nyowani pasta. Muchiremba wemapuranga, midziyo chaiyo yemagasi inoshandiswa kune anesthesia kana ekufema ekurapa. Mikana ingangoita isingaperi.

Kiyi kune vese magasi uye musanganiswa yakajeka. Maitiro ekubatanidza anofanirwa kuve akasarudzika kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti musanganiswa unoita sekutarisirwa nguva dzese. Iyi ndeimwe nharaunda iyo yekugona kwehunyanzvi hwekutengesa iri pane yakazara kuratidza. Kugona kugadzira zvinowirirana, huwandu hwemhando yepamusoro Misanganiswa yegesi is a hostmark yemugadziri wepamberi gasi. Aya mabless anoratidza kuti sei magasi anotendera Zvekudzora zvakanaka pamusoro Maindasitiri maitiro, kusundira miganhu yezvinobvira mukugadzira, sainzi, uye mushonga.

Key Deaaroways

• Zvakakosha Zvishandiso: Magashama endama kunge oxygen, nitrogen, Argon, uye hydrogen dzakakosha kune zvisingaverengeki zvazvino Kugadzira Maitiro, kubva pakurwira pakudya kwekudya.
• Zvivakwa-zvinotyisidzirwa zvikumbiro: Izvo zvakananga zvivakwa zvegesi-ingave yakaita senge oxygen kana inert like Argon-Determine yayo application, yakadai seyinosimudzira kurwadzisa kana kuita se gasi rekudzivirira.
• Welding uye kukanganisa: Magasi anotamba basa rakakosha mukati Welding uye kucheka, na Argon inoshandiswa se Kuchengetedzeka Gasi kuchengetedza iyo weld uye acetylene yaishandiswa kugadzira yakakwirira-tembiricha marimi.
• Zvinhu zvekuchena: Zvekushandisa zvehunyanzvi senge zvemagetsi kana zvesainzi kutsvagurudza, Kuchena kwakanyanya Specialty magasi uye chaizvo zvakasanganiswa Misanganiswa yegesi zvakakosha, uye mutengesi wekutonga kudzora ndiko kurerutsa.
• Chekutanga Kutanga: Kubata zvakanyanya-kudzvanywa gasi cylinders inoda kudzidziswa kwakakodzera, kuchengetedza kwakachengeteka, mhepo yakanaka, uye kushandiswa kwemidziyo chaiyo, yakanyatsochengetwa yekuchengetedza kuchengetedzwa.
• Sarudza mumwe munhu wani? Mutengesi akavimbika wegesi anopa zvinopfuura kungokwikwidza mutengo; Ivo vanopa yakasimbiswa mhando, yakavimbika zvinhu, kutaurirana kwakajeka, uye hunyanzvi hwekutsamwisa mashandiro ako.