Murakaza neza! Wigeze uhagarika gutekereza ku mirimo yose yihishe zikomeza gukora imirongo yo gukora, ibitaro bikora neza, ndetse bigana ibinyobwa ukunda? Ibi ni imyuka y'inganda, kandi bagira uruhare rukomeye rwose mumibare itangaje yimikorere ya buri munsi hamwe nikoranabuhanga ryiza. Niba ufite uruhare mu gutanga amasoko, gukora, cyangwa ubushakashatsi, bazi ubwoko rusange bwa gaze yinganda hamwe nuburyo bwabo bufasha - ni ngombwa mu kubungabunga ubuziranenge, imikorere yawe. Iyi ngingo izakujyana mu rugendo mu isi ya gaze y'inganda, ishakisha ubwoko busanzwe, gusaba ubwoko bwabo, ndetse n'inkuru zabo, icyo ukeneye kumenya kugirango ubone gaze ya gaz isuku Komera, kandi uzabona ubushishozi bwo kuyobora isoko ryinganda ufite ikizere.

Ni izihe myuga y'inganda kandi kuki ari ngombwa cyane?

Gaze yinganda ni itsinda ryibikoresho bya gaze byakozwe kandi bigurishwa kugirango bikoreshwe muburyo butandukanye bwinganda no gusaba. Bitandukanye na gaze ya lisansi nka gaze karemano cyangwa ibicuruzwa binoze amavuta akoreshwa cyane cyane kubwingufu, imyuka yinganda ikorwa kugirango ikoreshwe ukurikije imiti yabo yihariye ya shimi. Bitekerezeho nkibikoresho byubaka imiti cyangwa ibikoresho byingenzi mubikorwa, ubumenyi, nubuvuzi. Iyi myuka ikunze gutandukana numwuka, synthesied yaturutse kuri peteroli, cyangwa yakize nkibitabo byibindi bikorwa.

Akamaro k'izi myuka ntibishobora gukandamizwa. Kuva kugirira akamaro imiti no kubungabunga ibiryo kugirango ufashe inzira zimbaraga zubuvuzi no guhimba ibigize ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, porogaramu zabo zigari. Nta gutanga ibyemezo byizewe inganda zikomeye imyuka, inganda nyinshi zigezweho zasya gusa guhagarara. Urwego rwimiterere yinganda ruboneka, kandi urwego rwuzuye rukenewe, rusobanura inganda zinganda ni bigoye kandi bisaba ubumenyi bwa tekiniki bwimbitse nibikoresho byizewe. Ibi imyuka itandukanye bakorerwa igitutu cyangwa ubushyuhe buke, bisaba ubumenyi bwihariye bwo gukora neza, gutunganya, no gutwara abantu.

Nubuhe bwoko bukunze kugaragara kuri gaze yinganda ugomba kumenya?

Iyo tuvuze Ubwoko bwindanga yinganda, turimo kureba ibintu byinshi byimiti hamwe nibice muburyo bwa gaze. Ariko, bake bahagarara bitewe no gukoresha n'akamaro kabo mu mirenge myinshi. Ibi Ubwoko rusange bwa gaze yinganda ni inyuma yimikorere myinshi. Kwiga kuri ibi ubwoko rusange igufasha kumva ahantu ahagaragara no kumenya ibishobora kuba ngombwa kubyo ukeneye.

Byinshi gaze isanzwe Ibyiciro akenshi birimo imyuka yo mu kirere itandukanijwe n'umwuka (nka ogisijeni, azote, na argon), kandi igace kagendaga, acetylene dioxyde, acetylene, na gaze yihariye). Buri gaze ifite imitungo yihariye itegeka gusaba, ikagira ibikoresho byingirakamaro muburyo butandukanye bwinganda. Gusobanukirwa ibi imyuka itandukanye yinganda Kandi uruhare rwabo rutandukanye nintambwe yambere yo kumenya isi itanga isoko ryinganda.

Kuki gaze ya ogisijeni (O₂) ari ngombwa munganda nyinshi?

Reka dutangire ogisijeni (O₂). Turahumeka, byanze bikunze, ariko uruhare rwayo muri gaze yinganda isi irenze ihumeka. Ogisijeni Ese gaze ya reactique ihuza byoroshye nibindi bintu, umutungo utuma ntagereranywa mugukandurwa, okiside, nibitekerezo byinshi bya shimi. Ni imwe muri imyuka ikomeye yinganda kandi ni ikoreshwa mu ntera yagutse Bya Porogaramu.

Mu gukora, ogisijeni ni ngombwa mu gutema kw'icyuma no gusudira, kongera imbaraga cyane kandi bigatuma habaho isuku. Nibyingenzi muruganda rwibyuma kugirango ukureho umwanda. Mu murima w'ubuvuzi, ubuziranenge-busumba ogisijeni ni gaze yubuvuzi. Inganda zikoreshwa zikoresha ogisijeni Nkuburyo bwo gutanga ibice byinshi. Gukoresha amazi yo gutunganya amazi ogisijeni kugirango twongere kubora aerobic. Gutanga ogisijeni bisaba kabuhariwe ibikoresho bya gaze yagenewe igitutu kinini, cyangwa nkakotoge yamazi, afata umwanya muto wo gutwara no kubika muri gaze nini Ibigega. Byatanzwe Binyuze Gutanga gaze imirongo cyangwa mu gitutu kinini gazi silinderis, kwemeza ubuziranenge no gutanga umusaruro wa ogisijeni ni kwifuza umutekano no gutunganya ubusugire.

Gazi ya azote ite (n₂) ikora nkumukozi wingenzi?

Ubutaha azote (N₂), gaze nyinshi cyane mu kirere cy'isi. Bitandukanye ogisijeni, azote ahanini inert, bivuze ko bitagenda byoroshye nibindi bintu. Iyi myumvire ni ukubera iki aribwo buryo bwagaciro gaze yinganda. Azote ni ikoreshwa mu ntera yagutse Bya Porogaramu aho gukumira reaction zidashaka, nkimvugo cyangwa gutwikwa, birakenewe.

Tekereza ku nganda za elegitoronike - gaze ya azote ikoreshwa mugukora ibintu bya inert kugirango wirinde ibice biryoshye biva kuri okiside mugihe cyo kugurisha cyangwa guterana. Inganda zikoreshwa zikoresha azote Kubipfunyika kwimura ogisijeni, kwagura ubuzima bwibintu mu kwirinda imirano. Mu rwego rwa peteroli na gaze, azote ikoreshwa mu guhanagura imiyoboro n'ibigega. Yakoreshwa kandi muri crusogenics, cyane cyane nkamazi azote, kugirango uhagarike byihuse ibiryo cyangwa kubikorwa byubuvuzi nko kubungabunga ingero zibinyabuzima. Ubushobozi bwayo bwo gutanga ibidukikije bifite umutekano, bidakora azote Ibyingenzi mubikorwa byinshi byinganda hamwe na laboratoire.

Niki gitera karuboni dioxyde (co₂) gaze nkiyi?

Dioxyde de carbone (Co₂) nundi mukinnyi winyenyeri mumurongo winganda. Mugihe rimwe na rimwe wasangaga gaze ya parike gusa, dioxyde de carbone ni ikintu cyingirakamaro cyane hamwe na extcrum yagutse ya Inganda. Imitungo yayo, harimo nubushobozi bwayo bwo kuyobora (hindukira biturutse kuri gaze nka ice yumye) hamwe nubushobozi bwayo bugabanije igitutu, kora umwihariko.

Dioxyde de carbone ni uzwi cyane kubinyobwa bya karubone, ubaha fizz yabo. Inganda zibiribwa nazo zikoresha urubura rwumye kugirango rukonja mugihe cyo gutwara. Mu gusudira, dioxyde de carbone ni ikoreshwa nka gaze yingabo kurinda Uwiteka weld agace kiva mu kirere, gukumira imbogamizi no kwemeza hamwe. Ni ngombwa kandi mu buryo bwa shimi, uburyo bwo guhagarika umuriro, ndetse no mu buhinzi bwo kuzamura ibihingwa mu nzego z'icyatsi. Byongeye kandi, supercrike dioxyde de carbone ikoreshwa nkigisubizo cyo gukuramo inzira, nko kwanduza ikawa. Ibitekerezo byizewe bya dioxyde de carbone Muburyo butandukanye, muri silinderi yerekanaga ibigega byamazi, ni ngombwa kuriyi porogaramu nyinshi zubucuruzi nubucuruzi bwinganda.

Gazi ya hydrogen (h₂) Mubyukuri lisansi y'ejo?

Hydrogen (H₂) akenshi bivugwa nkingufu zingufu zisukuye, ariko bimaze kunegura gaze yinganda Uyu munsi. Nibintu byinshi cyane mu isanzure, hamwe nimbaraga nyinshi zirashobora gutuma ari nziza gaze ya lisansi. Ariko, gukoresha inganda byayo bikoresha kure birenze gusa imbaraga.

Gukoresha inganda za hydrogen ni mubikorwa bya shimi, nkumusaruro wa Ammonia ku ifumbire, methanol, no gutunganya peteroli. Cyakoreshwa kandi mumashanyarazi namavuta. Muri elegitoroniki ingana, ubuziranenge-ubuziranenge hydrogen ikoreshwa nk'ikiruhuko cyo kugabanya. Munganda yicyuma, ikoreshwa muburyo budashira. Mugihe ubushobozi bwayo ari isuku gaze ya lisansi Kubinyabiziga nibisekuru byamafashi birashobora gukurura, ibikoresho byo gukora, kubika, no gutwara hydrogen neza ni ibitekerezo bikomeye. Byatanzwe binyuze muri pipeline, tube trailers, cyangwa igifuniko gazi silinderi, kwemeza isuku n'umutekano wa hydrogen gutanga ni kwifuza.

Nigute gaze ya argon (ar) ikoreshwa, cyane cyane murwego rwo gusudira?

Argon (Ar) nindi gaze ya inert, nka azote, ariko ifite ubucucike buhebuje hamwe nigikonoshwa cyuzuye cya electron, bigatuma bitagaragara muburyo runaka. Ibi bikora argon bifite agaciro gakomeye muri porogaramu aho inoti zuzuye zisabwa. Argon ni Byinshi Byakoreshejwe Mugusunika, cyane cyane gaze Tungsten ARC gusudira (GTIT, cyangwa TIG) na gazi gaze Kurinda ashyushye weld agace k'ukwanduza ogisijeni, azote, cyangwa ubuhehere mu kirere.

Gukoresha argon nka a gaze kugirango wirinde ibintu kuva kubangamira weld bivamo imbaraga zikomeye, isukuye, nibindi bishimishije. Birenze welding, argon ikoreshwa mu gucana (nk'ibitabyo bya fluorescent na plasma globes), mu musaruro wa Titanium no mu yandi mashanyarazi, no mu nganda za elegitoroniki zo gukura kristu. Rimwe na rimwe, argon ivanze nizindi myuka yo gukora umwihariko imvange ya gazes optimized for batandukanye welding inzira cyangwa izindi Inganda. Kubucuruzi bigarurira ubuziranenge welding cyangwa ubundi buryo bwo kwikinisha, ahantu hahoraho kandi heza argon Gutanga ntabwo biganirwaho.

HELIUM (we) afite uruhare runini mu nganda?

Nubwo bidasanzwe ugereranije ogisijeni cyangwa azote, helium (We) ni ngombwa bidasanzwe gaze yinganda hamwe n'imitungo idasanzwe. Nibintu bya kabiri byoroheje kandi bifite aho bimera hasi ya gaze iyo ari yo yose, bigatuma ikoreshwa rya porogaramu yakogeni. Bitandukanye nizindi myumbati ishobora guhuza ubushyuhe buke cyane, helium akomeza gaze.

Uyu mutungo ukora helium Inshingano zikonje nyinshi, cyane cyane muri MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imashini) mubitaro no mubikoresho byubushakashatsi byubushakashatsi nkibikoresho byihuta. Helium nazo zikoreshwa nka gaze yo guterura imizingo nindege (kutaka umuriro, bitandukanye hydrogen), nka a gaze in weldImbere Ibikoresho bimwe, nkubwoko bwacitsemo ibice mugukora (bitewe nubunini bwa atome gito), no mubikorwa bya semiconduct na fibre optics. Kuberako ni umutungo utaha wakuwe mbere gaze gasanzwe Kubitsa, gutanga helium Irashobora guhirika, gukora itanga isoko yizewe niyo ingenzi cyane kunganda zishingiye kuri yo.

Guharanira ubuziranenge no kwezwa: Ikintu cyingenzi gihangayikishije imyuka yinganda

Kubucuruzi nkibigo bisosiyete imiti no gukora, ibigo byubuvuzi, nubushakashatsi bwa laboratoire, ubuziranenge nubwiza bwa imyuka y'inganda ni byinshi. Abanduye muri gaze barashobora kuganisha ku bicuruzwa bidafite ishingiro, inzira zidakora, ibikoresho byangiritse, cyangwa ingaruka z'umutekano. Iyi niyo mpamvu itanga isoko imyuka yo hejuru yinganda ntabwo ari uguhitamo gusa, ahubwo ni ngombwa. Nk'uruganda rwihariye umusaruro wa gaze, twumva gukurikizwa gukenewe ubuziranenge.

Inyigisho nziza itangirira ku nkomoko, yaba itandukanya imyuka yo mu kirere cyangwa ihumure. Kwipimisha gukomeye bikorwa muri umusaruro wa gaze no kuzuza inzira kugirango imyuka ihure ninzego zubukungu bwihariye, akenshi zigera kuri 99.999% cyangwa hejuru ya imyuka yihariye ikoreshwa muburyo bworoshye nka electronics cyangwa laboratoire. Impamyabumenyi no kubahiriza amahame mpuzamahanga bitanga igice cyingenzi cyo kwizerana no kugenzura. Mugihe uhisemo utanga isoko, ubaze inzira zabo nziza, uburyo bwo gupima, nicyemezo ni ngombwa. Twishimiye uburyo bwacu bwo kugenzura neza no kubahiriza amahame mpuzamahanga, tubungabuze imyuka nziza Urakira guhura nibisobanuro byawe.

Guhitamo neza utanga gaze yinganda: kwizerwa ni urufunguzo

Kubona Iburyo Utanga isoko ni icyemezo gifatika kigira ingaruka ku bikorwa byawe ku buryo bugaragara. Ukeneye umufasha wumva ibyo ukeneye, arashobora gutanga imbaraga kandi zizewe Gutanga gaze, itanga ireme n'impamyabumenyi ikenewe, kandi birashobora gukora ibikoresho, cyane cyane mu byoherezwa mu mahanga mu bihugu nka Amerika, Amerika y'Amajyaruguru, Uburayi, na Ositaraliya.

Nkigice gifite imirongo irindwi yumusaruro, duhagaze neza kugirango dutange amahitamo yo gutanga byoroshye kandi tumenye neza, ingingo zifatika zikemura ibibazo nkibisohoka. Twumva akamaro k'impamyabumenyi no gutanga ibyangombwa byuzuye kubigenzura neza. Itumanaho ryiza naryo ni ngombwa; Ukeneye utanga uwatanze uwitabira kandi uzi ubumenyi, mukangura icyuho icyo aricyo cyose, cyane cyane mugihe cyo guhangana nibicuruzwa bigoye cyangwa ibikoresho. Icyitegererezo cya B2B cyibanze ku kubaka ubufatanye bukomeye, bwizewe hamwe nubucuruzi nkubwawe. Dutanga a Ibicuruzwa bitandukanye harimo Ubwoko rusange bwa gaze yinganda Kandi imvange zidasanzwe, zose zapakiwe neza kandi zigashingira. Iyo ushaka kugura imyuga itagura neza nta kwigomwa cyangwa kwizerwa, gufatanya nuruganda nkibyacu birashobora gutanga inyungu zikomeye. Tumenyereye kohereza hanze kandi dushobora kunangira ibintu byinshi byibikoresho nuburyo bwo kwishyura, bugamije gukora uburambe bwawe bwo kugura no guhangayika.

Kuyobora Isi ya imyuka yinganda Isaba gusobanukirwa ubwoko bwibanze, inshingano zabo zitandukanye, hamwe n'akamaro cyane kwubwiza nurwego rwo gutanga. Kuva ku mbaraga zitwaramye ogisijeni no kurinda inert azote na argon kugeza kubisabwa dioxyde de carbone kandi ikoreshwa ryihariye rya hydrogen na helium, iyi myuga ni ntahara mu bitabo Inganda nubucuruzi.

Guhitamo utanga isoko ni ibirenze igiciro; Byerekeranye n'ubufatanye bwemeza Uwiteka imyuka myiza Ibikorwa byawe bishingiye kuri, byatanzwe byizewe kandi bifitanye isano nke. Nka ruganda rwohereza kwisi yose, tuzana ubumenyi butaziguye, ubushobozi bwumusaruro bukomeye, no kwiyemeza ubuziranenge na serivisi bigamije kubahiriza ibyo ukeneye muri iki gihe kandi birenze ibyo usaba. Niba ukeneye kwera imyuka myiza cyangwa bigoye imyuka n'ivanga, gusobanukirwa ahantu nyaburanga biguha imbaraga zo gufata ibyemezo byuzuye byubutsinzi.

Imashini ikomeye:

• Imyuka y'inganda ni ibintu byingenzi byubaka imiti kuri byinshi Urwego rwinganda n'ubucuruzi.
• The Ubwoko rusange bwa gaze yinganda shyiramo ogisijeni, azote, dioxyde de carbone, hydrogen, argon, na helium, buri kimwe gifite imiterere yihariye na porogaramu.
• Iyi myuka ikoreshwa muri Inganda Zinyuranye Imirenge, uhereye kunganda no welding mubuvuzi, ubushakashatsi, ninganda zibiribwa.
• Ubuziranenge n'ubwiza ni ngombwa kuri imyuka y'inganda Kugirango habeho inyangamugayo, ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa, n'umutekano.
• Guhitamo Kwizewe Utanga isoko Hamwe nubuyobozi bukomeye, impamyabumenyi, hamwe nubushobozi bwimodoka ni ngombwa kubitanga n'amahoro yo mumutima, cyane cyane kumasoko mpuzamahanga.