Uhangayikishijwe nu myuka yibyuka umukungugu no gushaka isuku, uburyo bwiza bwo kubona imyuga yinganda ukeneye? Iyi ngingo yirinde uburyo abakora amashanyarazi ya azote bashobora kuba umukoresha uhindura inganda bahura nibibazo bihuje umukungugu. Tuzasesengura uburyo ibyo bikoresho bidasobanutse bitatanga gaze ya azote gusa ya azote gusa ahubwo binatanga umusanzu mubidukikije bigabanya ubuzima. Komeza usome kugirango umenye uko abakora amabere ya azote bashobora kunoza ibikorwa byawe no kugufasha guhumeka koroha kubibazo byugurumana umukungugu!

Ikigereranyo cya azote kandi gikora gute?

Azote iradukikije - mubyukuri, hafi 78% yumuyaga duhumeka ni azote! Ariko kubintu byinshi byinganda, dukeneye azote muburyo bwiza cyane. Aha niho hatropit generates zinjiye. A. azote ni igikoresho cyubwenge gutandukana na azote kuva mu kirere, mu kigo cyawe. Aho kwishingikiriza kubitanga bya gaze ya azote muri silinders cyangwa ifishi, urashobora kubyara gaze ya azote kubisabwa, igihe cyose ubikeneye.

Tekereza nko kugira mini yawe bwite azote Ibimera ibisubizo iburyo mu ruganda rwawe. Sisitemu Koresha tekinoroji itandukanye, ariko igitekerezo nyamukuru nugufata bisanzwe umwuka ufunzwe hanyuma ukureho izindi myuka, nka ogisijeni, argon, na dioxyde de carbone, ngusiga ufite isuku ndende gaze ya azote. Uburyo bubiri busanzwe kuri Igisekuru cya azote ni igitutu cya adsorption (Zab) na membrane gutandukana. Ikoranabuhanga rya Zab rikoresha an adsorbent, akenshi a molekile cyangwa Carbone MoleCure kugoreka, guhitamo adsorb ogisijeni nizindi myenda mukibazo. Noneho, iyo igitutu cyarekuwe, iyi myuga yuzuye irasuzuguritse, kandi yera gaze ya azote isigaye inyuma. Membrane azote sisitemu, kurundi ruhande, koresha umwihariko membrane Ibikoresho byemerera azote kunyura byoroshye kuruta ogisijeni nizindi myuka. Uburyo bwombi bufite akamaro kandi Byakoreshejwe cyane in inganda zitandukanye kwizerwa Gutanga gaze.

Ni ukubera iki gaze yo kwezwa cyane ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zitandukanye?

Isuku gaze ya azote ni bidasanzwe kandi Byakoreshejwe cyane hakurya inganda zitandukanye. Kamere yacyo - Ibisobanuro ntabwo byoroshye kubyitwaramo nibindi bintu - bituma bituma porogaramu ukeneye kugirango wirinde reaction idashaka, okiside, cyangwa kwanduza. Muri farumasi Inganda, Urugero, gaze ya azote ikoreshwa mubicuruzwa byibirimo no gutunganya, kubarinda ogisijeni nubushuhe. Mu nganda n'ibinyobwa, ikoreshwa mu gupakira ikirere cyahinduwe cyo kwagura ubuzima bwa filf no gukomeza ibicuruzwa bishya.

Inganda za elegitoroniki zishingiye ku isuku ndende ya azori yo gukora semicondu gutsindira no gukumira indaya mugihe cyo kugurisha. Amasosiyete yimiti n'imikoranire akoresha azote kugirango asukure imiyoboro nimboga, kimwe no kurasa no kuzunguruka mubikorwa bya shimi. Ndetse na laser gukata no gutunganya ibyuma muri gaze ya azote kugirango wirinde okiside no kunoza ubuziranenge. Icyifuzo gaze ya azote itwarwa nubushobozi bwayo bwo kuzamura ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa, kunoza umutekano, no kuzamura gukora umusaruro muburyo butandukanye. Kubera uburyo bwinshi, kugira kwizerwa kandi bihamye Gutanga gaze yo kwezwa cyane azone ni ngombwa kubicuruzi byinshi.

Gusobanukirwa Ikibazo Cyiza: Ni ubuhe burahukira umukungugu kandi kuki bahangayikishijwe?

The Ikibazo cyo Kuruhura Umukungugu ni impungenge zikomeye kandi zubuzima, cyane cyane mumiterere yinganda. Ibyuka bihumukanwa Reba kurekurwa ibice byiza mu kirere mu buryo bw'inganda. Ibi ibice byiza irashobora guturuka ahantu hatandukanye, nko gukora, kubaka, gucukura amabuye y'agaciro, ndetse no kubyara umusaruro nka gutwika biomass na Gushyira mu gaciro. Tekereza ku bimera, impengamiro y'icyuma, cyangwa n'ibikoresho bikemura amafu menshi - ibyo byose birashobora kubyara Ibyuka bihumukanwa.

Kubera iki Ibyuka bihumukanwa ikibazo? Ubwa mbere, ni bibi kubuzima bwacu. Iyo duhumeka ibice byiza, barashobora kwinjira mu bihaha byacu kandi bigatera ibibazo byo guhumeka, ibibazo by'imitima, n'ibindi bibazo by'ubuzima. Icya kabiri, Ibyuka bihumukanwa Kugira uruhare mu guhugira ikirere kandi birashobora kugabanya kugaragara, gutangaza ibidukikije. Barashobora kandi gutura hejuru, bigatera ubumuga no kwangirika. Inganda zirimo kugabana igitutu cyo kugabanya Ibyuka bihumukanwa Kubera amabwiriza akomeye ashingiye ku bidukikije no gushimangira abaturage ubuziranenge bw'ikirere. Kubwira Uwiteka Ikibazo cyo Kuruhura Umukungugu ntabwo ari kubahiriza gusa; Nukuntu gukora akazi keza hamwe nibidukikije bisukuye kuri buri wese. Rero, Kugabanuka Ingamba zigenda ziyongera kubanyabucuruzi mumirenge itandukanye.

Nigute amashanyarazi ya azonden yafasha kugabanya ivumbi no kunoza ikirere?

Nubwo bisa nkaho bitangaje, Amashanyarazi ya azote irashobora gukina uruhare rwingenzi muri Kugabanuka, cyane cyane mugukemura Uwiteka Ikibazo cyo Kuruhura Umukungugu. Nigute? Azote, kuba inert gaze, akenshi ikoreshwa muburyo bwinganda kugirango ukore umwuka ugenzurwa. Mubikorwa bitanga umukungugu, nko gukoresha ifu cyangwa ubwoko bumwe bwo gutwika, gukoresha azote birashobora kugabanya imivugo n'umuyaga ukangura umukungugu. Mugukora ibidukikije bidasubirwaho kandi bihamye, azote bifasha guhagarika imiterere no gutatana Ibyuka bihumukanwa.

Reba uburyo bwo gutunganya ibikoresho. Mugihe wimurira ifu cyangwa ibikoresho byamabuye, Ibyuka bihumukanwa Birashobora kubaho nkibikoresho byimuwe kandi birahangayitse. Ukoresheje ikirere cya azote muri sisitemu yo kwimura ifunze, umukungugu wo guhunga umwuka urashobora kugabanuka cyane. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, munzira zimwe zo gutwika, nka boomass, Kugenzura ikirere no gukoresha Ibikoresho byo mu kirere tekinike hamwe na azote irashobora guhitamo inzira yo gutwika, kuyobora kugabanuka Nox na Ibyuka bihumukanwa. Byongeye kandi, inganda zirimo gushakisha azote Gusunika Gazi tekinike yo gukuraho Ibyuka bihumukanwa Kuva flue ibyuka. Gukoresha azote muri ubu buryo ntabwo buri gihe igisubizo kiziguye cyo gukusanya umukungugu, ariko nikikoresho cyingenzi muburyo bwagutse kuri Kugabanuka no kuzamura ubwiza bwo mu kirere mugugabanya ibisekuru no kurekura Ibyuka bihumukanwa.

Ni ubuhe bwoko butandukanye bw'abakora amashanyarazi ya azote: gesa azote hamwe n'amashanyarazi ya membrane azote?

Ku bijyanye no guhitamo a azote, ubwoko bubiri bwingenzi buragaragara: Zab (igitutu cya swing adsorption) Amashanyarazi ya azote na membrane azote. Ubwoko bwombi bugera kuntego imwe - kubyara gaze ya azote Kuva umwuka ufunzwe - Ariko bakoresha ikoranabuhanga ritandukanye kandi bafite imbaraga zitandukanye.

Amashanyarazi ya Zasu bazwiho ubushobozi bwabo bwo gutanga isuku cyane gaze ya azote, akenshi kugera kuri 99.999% cyangwa no hejuru nitrogete. Bakora bakoresheje adsorption na inzira ya seplession. Umwuka ufunzwe yanyuze muri an umunara wa adsorption yuzuye a molekile Ibikoresho, hamwe adsorb ogisijeni n'indi myuka. Nyuma ya adsorbent iba yuzuyeho, inzira ihinduka kuwundi munara mugihe uwambere asubirwamo mukugabanya igitutu, yemerera imyuka ihuriweho kuri assosb. Uku kuzenguruka gusubiramo, gutanga igorofa rihoraho ningonda ndende. Zaba Ingendo nicyiza kuri porogaramu isaba isuku ndende cyane, nko mubikoresho bya elegitoroniki cyangwa igenamiterere rya laboratoire.

Membrane azoteKu rundi ruhande, muri rusange muri rusange ni ibintu byoroshye kandi bikora neza, cyane cyane kubisabwa kweza. Bakoresha Membrane Technologies ko guhitamo imyuka. Umwuka ufunzwe itemba binyuze muri fibre yuzuye membrane bundles. Azote irasenyuka buhoro kuruta ogisijeni n'umwuka w'amazi, bikaviramo umugezi ukize cyane. Membrane azote sisitemu akenshi zatoranijwe kubisabwa aho biri munsi gato nitrogete iremewe, nk'ifaranga ry'ifaranga cyangwa sisitemu yo gukumira umuriro. Guhitamo hagati ya Psa na membrane biterwa numwihariko nitrogete Ibikenewe, gutemba ibisabwa, kandi Kunywa ingufu gutekereza.

Azogen generator kubungabunga: Guharanira imikorere ihamye no kurengerera ubuzima.

Kimwe n'ibikoresho byose by'inganda, Amashanyarazi ya azote bisaba buri gihe azote ya banerate Kugenzura Igikorwa gihamye, kubungabunga gukora umusaruro, hanyuma ugendane ibyabo Ubuzima. Bikwiye azote ya banerate ni urufunguzo rwo kwirinda igihe gitunguranye kandi kigasana bihenze. Inshingano nyamukuru yo kubungabunga zirimo Gukoresha Ahantu no Gusimbuza Akayunguruzo ibintu muri umwuka ufunzwe Sisitemu. Ibi AkayunguruzoS Kuraho ibice byiza, amavuta, na Ibirimo Kuva kuri umwuka ufunzwe, kurinda ibice byoroshye bya azote Kuva kwanduza. Umwanda Akayunguruzos irashobora kuganisha ku kugabanya imikorere ndetse no kwangiza adsorbent muri sisitemu ya Zas cyangwa membrane in membrane azotes.

Ikindi kintu cyingenzi cya azote ya banerate ni gukurikirana imikorere ya Umuyoboro wo mu kirere. The Umuyoboro wo mu kirere ni umutima wa sisitemu, utanga umwuka ufunzwe bikenewe kuri Igisekuru cya azote. Gendeka buri gihe Umuyoboro wo mu kirere Kuberako yamenetse, amavuta akwiye, nibimenyetso byose byo kwambara no gutanyagura. Valves na kandi bigize ingaruka zikomeye, cyane cyane muri sisitemu ya Zab. Bagenzura the gutemba n'umuvuduko. Valves igomba kugenzurwa buri gihe kugirango iterwe no gukora neza. Gukurikira uwabikoze inama azote ya banerate Gahunda, mubisanzwe ikubiyemo cheque yimiti yigituba, Isuku, hamwe na sisitemu muri rusange, ni ngombwa kubikorwa byizewe kandi birambye. Kwirengagiza azote ya banerate irashobora gutuma igabanuka nitrogete, yagabanutse gutemba, yiyongereye Kunywa ingufu, hanyuma amaherezo, bigufi Ubuzima kubwawe Sisitemu ya Nitrogen.

Nigute ushobora guhitamo generator yawe ya azote kubikorwa byumusaruro no gukoresha ingufu?

Kugirango ubone byinshi muriwe azote, ni ngombwa guhitamo ibikorwa byayo byombi gukora umusaruro na Kunywa ingufu. GuhitamoD Imikorere idagabanya gusa ibiciro byo gukora ahubwo inaze neza kandi yizewe Gutanga gaze. Ahantu hamwe guhitamo ni umwuka ufunzwe gutanga. Menya neza ko ibyawe Umuyoboro wo mu kirere ikora neza no gutanga umwuka ufunzwe ku gitutu gikwiye no gukaza igipimo cyateganijwe kubwawe azote. Umuvuduko ukabije cyangwa ingufu zangiza imbaraga, mugihe igitutu kidahagije cyangwa urujya n'uruza rushobora kugabanya nitrogete na gukora umusaruro.

Bikwiye gukanda ya umwuka ufunzwe nabyo ni ngombwa. Gukora neza gukanda Kuraho ibyanduye bishobora kugirira nabi adsorbent cyangwa membrane, kugabanya imikorere yabo no kwiyongera Kunywa ingufu. Gusimbuza buri gihe Akayunguruzo Ibintu no kwemeza ko ari ubwoko bukwiye bwo gusaba kwawe burashobora gutera imbere cyane azote imikorere. Kuri Zasa Amashanyarazi ya azote, guhitamo Ibihe bya Cycle adsorption na inzira ya seplession. Guhindura ibipimo birashobora guhuza neza hagati nitrogete, gutemba, na Kunywa ingufu. Tekereza gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda yo gucunga ingufu zo gukurikirana kandi guhitamo the Kunywa ingufu Bya Byose Sisitemu ya Nitrogen, harimo na Umuyoboro wo mu kirere na azote. Mukwitondera aya makuru kandi guhitamoing sisitemu, urashobora kugera ku mazi mato muri yombi gukora umusaruro na Kunywa ingufu, kora ibyawe Igisekuru cya azote ibiciro byinshi kandi birambye.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ibimera hamwe kandi bakemura bate inganda zikeneye?

Kubikoresho binini byinganda bifite akamaro gaze ya azote Ibisabwa, azote Ibimera ibisubizo tanga uburyo bwuzuye kandi bunini kuri Igisekuru cya azote. Ibisubizo birenga inganure gusa azote Kandi ibikubiyemo uburyo bwuzuye bwakozwe na sisitemu yagenewe kubahiriza inganda zihariye. Azote Ibimera ibisubizo akenshi birimo byinshi Amashanyarazi ya azote, Gusunika Gazi Ibice, tanks ya buffer, sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza, na sisitemu yo kugenzura ihanitse, byose byinjijwe muburyo bwiza kandi neza Gutanga gaze Ibikorwa Remezo.

Ibisubizo bihujwe nibisabwa byihariye bya inganda zitandukanye, gusuzuma ibintu nka nitrogete Ibisabwa, gutemba Ibiciro, ibibazo bisaba, no kurenga imipaka. Kurugero, igihingwa kinini cya chimique gisaba guhora nubunini bwisumbuye nibwigije kuri psva azote hamwe na generator nyinshi hamwe na sisitemu yo kubika kugirango habeho gukuramo Gutanga gaze. Ikigo gitunganya ibiryo gishobora guhitamo modular membrane azote sisitemu ishobora kwagurwa byoroshye nkurwego rwimico. Azote Ibimera ibisubizo tanga inyungu nkigitugu kinini, kunyura, na guhitamod Gutanga gaze Ubuyobozi ugereranije no kwishingikiriza ku muntu Amashanyarazi ya azote wenyine. Bahagarariye ishoramari ry'inganda zisaba inganda zishaka igihe kirekire, kwiringirwa, no gukora neza gaze ya azote ibisubizo. Ibigo nka Itsinda rya Minnuo kabuhariwe mu gutanga ibyo byuzuye azote Ibimera ibisubizo, gutanga ubuhanga mu gishushanyo, kwishyiriraho, no gutera inkunga.

Kuki kwezwa gaze ari ngombwa muri gaze ya azote kandi ni ubuhe buryo bwo kwezwa gariya?

Mugihe Amashanyarazi ya azote umusaruro gaze ya azote, ibisohoka birashobora kuba birimo kubangamira umwanda bitewe nikoranabuhanga no gukora. Aha niho Gusunika Gazi ihinduka ingenzi. Gusunika Gazi ni inzira yo gukuraho umwanda usigaye muri gaze ya azote Kugera kubyo wifuza nitrogete urwego kubisabwa runaka. Ndetse ufite ubuziranenge azote, kurera ogisijeni ya ogisijeni, Ibirimo, dioxyde de carbone, cyangwa izindi myuka zishobora gukomeza kuba uhari. Kubisabwa byinshi byunvikana, nko muri electoronics, farumasi, cyangwa igenamiterere rya laboratoire, ndetse no gushushanya umwanda birashobora kubangamira ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa cyangwa ubunyangamugayo.

Ibisubizo bya Gazi Koresha ikoranabuhanga ritandukanye kugirango bakosore gaze ya azote. Ibi birashobora gushiramo impinduramatwara kugirango ukureho ogisijeni isigaye, adsorbent ibitanda kugirango ukureho Ibirimo na dioxyde de carbone, na Akayunguruzos Kuraho ibice byiza. Kubisabwa ultra-byinshi, byihariye Gusunika Gazi Sisitemu irashobora gukoreshwa kugirango ugere kubice-kuri miliyoni cyangwa ibice byurwego-buringaniye. Kwishyira hamwe Ibisubizo bya Gazi hamwe n'uwawe Sisitemu ya Nitrogen birashoboka ko uhora ubona neza nitrogete Ukeneye inzira zawe zitoroshye. Ishoramari muri Gusunika Gazi Kurinda ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa, byongerera inzira yizewe, amaherezo bigira uruhare mu kuba indashyikirwa muri rusange. Kubwibyo, gusobanukirwa ibyawe nitrogete Ibisabwa kandi bikubiyemo Ibisubizo bya Gazi ni intambwe yingenzi mugushiraho ingirakamaro gaze ya azote Gutanga sisitemu.

Hanze ya azote: Ese ibisubizo bya ogisijeni bijyanye no kugabanuka kwuzuye?

Mugihe intego yacu yabaye Amashanyarazi ya azote n'uruhare rwabo mukemura Uwiteka Ikibazo cyo Kuruhura Umukungugu, birakwiye ko tubisuzuma niba ogisijeni ibisubizo by'ibimera nabyo bifitanye isano Kugabanuka ingamba. Ogisijeni ibisubizo by'ibimera, bisa na azote Ibimera ibisubizo, ni sisitemu yagenewe kubyara gaze ya ogisijeni kurubuga. Mugihe ogisijeni ubwayo ntabwo ari inert nka azote, ifite uruhare runini mugutunganya. GuhitamoD Gurwanya ni urufunguzo rwo kugabanya ibyuka biva mu masoko atandukanye, harimo ibihingwa byingufu hamwe nubwatsi bwinganda.

Muguhuza porogaramu, kugenzura neza igipimo cyindege kivanze ni ngombwa kugirango dutwitse neza no kugabanya Nox n'abandi banduye. Ogisijeni ibisubizo by'ibimera irashobora gutanga umugezi wa ogisijeni wibanze ushobora gukoreshwa mugukungahaza umwuka wogosha. Ibi ogisijeni irashobora gushikana ku buryo bwuzuye bwo gutwikwa, kugabanya ibiyobyabwenge, no guhubuka. Kurugero, muri bamwe boomass, ogisijeni irashobora kunoza imikorere yo gutwika no kugabanya ibintu byiza umwuka. Byongeye kandi, muburyo bumwe bwinganda, ogisijeni nziza ikoreshwa aho kuba umwuka wo kuzamura ibipimo ngenderwaho no kugabanya gutemba Umubumbe, utanga umusanzu utaziguye Kugabanuka mugukora inzira zikora neza. Mugihe ogisijeni ibisubizo by'ibimera Ntukezerekera mu buryo butaziguye Ikibazo cyo Kuruhura Umukungugu kimwe na azote, birashobora kuba igikoresho cyingenzi muri kagutse Kugabanuka Ingamba, cyane cyane mugihe cyo kuzamura imikorere yo gutwika no kugabanya ubundi bwoko bwimporo za Air. Kubwibyo, iyo urebye byuzuye Ibisubizo by'inganda Kubidukikije birahagije, ogisijeni ibisubizo by'ibimera irashobora kandi kugira uruhare runini.

Inyandiko zijyanye: gukomeza gusoma kuri gaze yinganda no kugenzura ibyubaka.

Ushishikajwe no kwiga byinshi kuri gaze yinganda nuburyo bujyanye? Reba Inyandiko zijyanye Ukeneye gukomeza gusoma:

• Gaze ya argon: Shakisha porogaramu n'inyungu za gaze ya ARGON mu nganda zitandukanye. Gaze ya argon
• Ogisijeni: Menya uruhare rukomeye rwa gaze ya ogisijeni mu buvuzi, inganda, nizindi nzego. Ogisijeni
• Nitrogen: Wige byinshi kubyerekeye gukoresha gaze ya azote hamwe n'akamaro kayo muburyo butandukanye. Nitrogen
• Hydrogen silinder: Sobanukirwa imitungo na porogaramu ya gaze ya hydrognan, isoko isukuye. Hydrogen silinder
• Carbon Dioxyde Cylinder: Shakisha ikoreshwa rya gaze ya karubon dioxyde, kuva kubungabunga ibirindiro byinganda. Carbon Dioxyde Cylinder

Imashini ikomeye:

• Amashanyarazi ya azote Tanga kurubuga, rwizewe, nuburyo bwiza bwo kubyara gaze ya azote, kugabanya kwishingikiriza kubitanga.
• Isuku gaze ya azote ni ngombwa muri inganda zitandukanye Kubuza kwanduza no kuzamura inzira.
• Ibyuka bihumukanwa ni ibintu bikomeye ku bidukikije n'ubuzima, n'inganda zirashaka ibisubizo Kugabanuka.
• Amashanyarazi ya azote Gufasha mu buryo butaziguye kugabanya Ibyuka bihumukanwa Mugukora ikirere cyagenzuwe no gutegura inzira.
• Amashanyarazi ya Zasu na membrane azote Ubwoko bubiri bwingenzi, buriwese hamwe nibyiza bitewe nuburinganire no gusaba.
• Bisanzwe azote ya banerate ni ngombwa kuri Igikorwa gihamye, gukora umusaruro, no kuramba Ubuzima.
• Guhitamoimikorere ya Amashanyarazi ya azote mirimoni Kunywa ingufu no kumenyekana Gutanga gaze gukora neza.
• Azote Ibimera ibisubizo tanga byuzuye kandi birashimishije Gutanga gaze Ibikorwa remezo by'inganda nini y'inganda.
• Ibisubizo bya Gazi menya neza nitrogete kubisabwa.
• Ogisijeni ibisubizo by'ibimera irashobora kandi gutanga umusanzu Kugabanuka na guhitamoinzira yo gutwika.

Mu gusobanukirwa inyungu za Amashanyarazi ya azote n'uruhare rwabo muri Kugabanuka, Inganda zirashobora gufata intambwe zifatika ziganisha ku bikorwa byo mu bubiko no mu bidukikije. Gushora neza Ububiko bwa Nitrogen ntabwo ari icyemezo cyubwenge gusa; ni intambwe igana ejo hazaza harambye.