I-Hydrogen, njengomthwali wamandla ahlanzekile futhi oguquguqukayo, ithole ukunakwa okubalulekile njengoba umhlaba ufuna ukuguqukela emithonjeni yamandla esimeme. Okunye kokucatshangelwa okubalulekile ekuhlanganiseni amandla e-hydrogen kuyindlela yokukhiqiza. Kukhona eziningana Izinhlobo zokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen Izinqubo, ngalinye linezinzuzo nezinselelo zalo ezihlukile. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen futhi zinikezele ezimfanelweni zazo.

1. Steam Methane Reform (SMR)

I-Steam Methane Reformeting iyindlela evame kakhulu yokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen, accounting cishe ama-95% wokuhlinzekwa kwe-hydrogen emhlabeni jikelele. Le nqubo ifaka ukuphendula igesi yemvelo ngeSteam ephezulu kakhulu yokukhiqiza i-hydrogen ne-carbon monoxide. Ingxubevange ephumela iyaqhubeka futhi icutshungulwa ukuthola i-hydrogen emsulwa. I-SMR ithandelwa ukusebenza kwayo kanye nokusebenza kwezindleko, kepha kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi akuyona inqubo yekhabhoni - ngoba iholela ekukhishweni kwekhabhoni.

2. I-electrolysis

I-electrolysis inqubo esebenzisa ugesi ukuze ihlukanise amanzi ku-hydrogen nomoya-mpilo. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziphambili ze-electrolysis: i-alkaline eyegaclysis kanye ne-proton exchange membrane (PEM) i-electrolysis. I-Alkaline Electrolysis isetshenziswe amashumi eminyaka ambalwa futhi yaziwa ngokuthembela kwayo, ngenkathi i-PEM Electrocrolysis ithola umkhondo ngenxa yekhono layo lokusebenza kahle nokuvumelana nezimo. I-electrolysis inganikwa amandla ngemithombo yamandla evuselelekayo, okwenza kube ngumncintiswano obalulekile wokukhiqizwa okuzinzile kwe-hydrogen.

3. I-BIOMASS PASE

I-Biomass Peafication ifaka ukuguqula izinto eziphilayo njengama-chips okhuni, izinsalela zezolimo, noma imfucuza kugesi we-synthesis (syngas) ngenqubo ye-thermochemical. Ama-Syngas angaphinde aguqulwe ukuze akhiqize i-hydrogen. Ukufunwa kwe-biomass kunikeza inzuzo yokusebenzisa izinto zemfucumfucu ye-organic futhi kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuphuma kwegesi abamba ukushisa lapho kulawulwa kahle. Kodwa-ke, kudinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela ukutholakala kokuphakelayo kanye nezinselelo zokuhlelela.

4. Amanzi we-Photobiological aqhekeka

Le ndlela entsha isebenzisa ama-microorganismsthi ama-microorganisms noma ama-bacterium asebekhulile ukuze anikeze ukukhanya kwelanga futhi aguqule amanzi abe i-hydrogen nomoya-mpilo. Ngenkathi kusezigabeni zokuqala zentuthuko, amanzi e-photobiological ahlukanise isithembiso sokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen esimeme futhi okuvuselelekayo. Ucwaningo kule nkambu lugxile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle kanye nokukhubazeka kwenqubo ukukwenza kube nezentengiso.

5. I-Thermochemical Water Skitting

Ukuqhekeka kwamanzi okushisayo kubandakanya ukusebenzisa amazinga okushisa aphezulu ukwehlisa amanzi ku-hydrogen nomoya-mpilo ngochungechunge lokuphendula kwamakhemikhali. Le ndlela ivame ukusebenzisa amandla elanga agxile elanga noma eminye imithombo yokushisa yokushayela inqubo. Amanzi we-Thermochemical ahlukaniswe nawo anamandla okuhlanganiswa nezinhlelo zamandla avuselelekayo futhi angasebenza ngokuqhubekayo, okwenza kube yindawo yocwaningo olusebenzayo lokukhiqizwa okuqhubekayo kwe-hydrogen.

6. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-nucler hydrogen

Amandla eNyukliya angahlanganiswa ukukhiqiza ama-hydrogen ngokusebenzisa ama-electrolysis angashisa aphezulu noma izinqubo ze-thermochemical. Umusi wokushisa ophakeme okhiqizwe ama-reactors enyukliya angasetshenziswa ku-Steam Electrolysis, ngenkathi ukushisa kwenuzi kungashayela ukuhlukaniswa kwamanzi okushisayo. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Nucler hydrogen kunikeza inzuzo yokuphehla kwamandla okungaguquki futhi okuthembekile ngaphandle kokukhishwa kwegesi abamba ukushisa, kepha kukhulisa ukucatshangelwa maqondana nokuphepha nokuphathwa kwemfucuza.

Ekuphetheni, izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokukhiqiza i-hydrogen zinikeza amathuba ahlukahlukene wokuhlangabezana nesidingo esikhulayo samandla ahlanzekile. Indlela ngayinye yethula isethi yayo yezinzuzo nezinselelo, kanye nocwaningo oluqhubekayo nokuqanjwa okusha kubalulekile ekwakheni lezo zinqubo futhi kuqhubekisa phambili ekukhiqizweni okuqhubekayo kwe-hydrogen esikalini. Njengoba ukugxila komhlaba wonke kwi-deCarbonization kuqina, indima ye-hydrogen njengoba i-key enamandla yokuguqulwa kwamandla okuhlanzekile isethwe ukuthi ivelele ngokwengeziwe, ukushayela okunye intuthuko kubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-hydrogen.