Sawubona, ngingu-Allen, futhi ngisendaweni yami ephakeme lapha eChina, ekwengamela imigqa yethu eyisikhombisa yokukhiqiza igesi yezimboni, ngizibonele mathupha ukuziphendukela kwemvelo okumangalisayo kwe igesi ekhethekile imboni. Le ndatshana ingeyabanikazi bebhizinisi kanye nezikhulu zokuthengwa kwempahla njengoMark Shen e-USA, abafuna ukuzulazula Imakethe yegesi ekhethekile ye-elekthronikhi. Uma ukhona amagesi wezimboni Futhi ufuna ukuqonda amandla emakethe, uqinisekise ikhwalithi, futhi uthole abalingani abathembekile, khona-ke le dive ejulile ingeyakho. Sizohlola i- Imakethe yegesi ekhethekile ye-Global Exerticty, Ubheka ukukhula, abadlali abasemqoka, nokuthi bangenza kanjani izinqumo ezinolwazi. Lokhu akuyona enye nje Umbiko Wemakethe; Kungumhlahlandlela ukukusiza uthuthukise ukutholwa kwakho kwe Amagesi akhethekile we-elekthronikhi futhi uhlale phambili endaweni yokuncintisana. Uzothola usizo Imakethe Insights emkhakheni obalulekile kubuchwepheshe besimanje.

Ukuqonda okubalulekile: Kuyini ngempela amagesi akhethekile futhi kungani amagesi akhethekile we-elekthronikhi anendaba kangaka?

Ake siqale ngezinto eziyisisekelo. Yini izi Amagesi akhethekile? Ngokungafani namagesi ajwayelekile wezimboni asetshenziswa kumavolumu amakhulu ezicelo ezibanzi (njenge-oxygen engonisi noma i-nitrogen yokulondolozwa kokudla), Amagesi akhethekile kukhona amagesi ahlanzekile aphezulu noma ama-mixtures ahlelwe kahle. Zichazwa ngokuvuselelwa kwazo, ubumsulwa, noma ukwakheka okuthile, okubenza balungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhethekile. Cabanga ngawo njengamathuluzi anembile womhlaba wegesi. Le khasi imakethe kaphethiloli Kubandakanya bobabili, kepha imakethe ekhethekile Ama-Niche athe xaxa, izidingo zobuchwepheshe obuphakeme.

Manje, ngaphakathi kwalesi sigaba, Amagesi akhethekile kagesi yiqembu elibucayi. Lawa ngamagesi amsulwa aphezulu kanye nezingxube ezithile ezisetshenziswa ngqo ku Inqubo Yokukhiqiza iwa- Izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi namadivayisi. Izidingo zokuhlanza lapha zivame ukweqisa - cabanga izingxenye zezigidigidi noma ngisho nezingxenye ngamazinga okulingisa ngezigidigidi. Kungani kuncipha kangaka? Ngoba ngisho nokungcola okuncane kungonakalisa i-microchip noma isikrini sokubonisa esithuthukile. Lezi Amagesi we-elekthronikhi bangamaqhawe angemuva ngemuva kwama-Smartphones asemaphaketheni ethu, amakhompyutha ama-computers emathafeni ethu, kanye nemishini yezokwelapha eyinkimbinkimbi egcina izimpilo. Ubuqotho be igesi ekhethekile ye-elekthronikhi kuthinta ngokuqondile isivuno nokusebenza kwe Amadivayisi we-elekthronikhi athuthukile.

Le khasi funa amagesi akhethekile asetshenzisiwe ku Umkhakha Wezogesi Sekuvele ngoba ubuchwepheshe banamuhla buthembela ezingxenyeni ezinzima nezinamandla ngokwengeziwe. Njengomnikazi wefektri eChina, ngibone lesi sidingo sikhula unyaka nonyaka. Izinkampani ezibandakanyeka kuzo ukukhiqizwa kwegesi Kulomkhakha, njengeyethu, tshala imali kakhulu kubuchwepheshe bokuhlanza kanye nemishini yokuhlaziya ukuze uhlangabezane nalezi zindinganiso eziqondile. Ngakho-ke, lapho sikhuluma ngakho igesi ekhethekile ye-elekthronikhi, sixoxa ngomkhiqizo lapho ikhwalithi ingeyona nje isici; Yisisekelo sonke.

Ukuvuselela okusha: Kungani imakethe yegesi ekhethekile ye-elekthronikhi ifakaza ukukhula kwemakethe okunjalo?

Le khasi Imakethe yegesi ekhethekile ye-elekthronikhi ayikhuli nje; Kuyakhuphuka! Kunezici eziningana zikhuthaza lokhu okubalulekile Ukukhula Kwemakethe. Okokuqala, ukwandiswa okungapheli kwe Umkhakha Wezogesi ngokwayo kungumshayeli oyinhloko. Cabanga nge-Intanethi yezinto (iot), ubuchwepheshe be-5G, ubuhlakani bokufakelwa (AI), kanye nezimoto zikagesi. Zonke lezi zinto ezintsha zithembela kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni semiconductor ama-chips kanye nobuhlakani Amadivayisi we-elekthronikhi, ngakunye okudinga i-suite ye Amagesi akhethekile kagesi ekukhiqizeni kwabo. Lokhu kudala okuqhubekayo nokukhuphuka funa amagesi akhethekile kagesi.

Okwesibili, ubunzima kanye nokuncane kwe Izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi kusho ukuthi Inqubo Yokukhiqiza iya ngokuya iba yinkimbinkimbi. Ama-transitors amancane futhi amasekethe agcwele amagcwele adinga amazinga okuhlanzeka aphezulu futhi exotic ngaphezulu igesi ekhethekile ukwakheka. Lo mkhuba uphazamisa ngokuqondile Ubungako bemakethe yegesi ekhethekile kagesi, ukuyicindezela ezindaweni eziphakeme ezintsha. Sibona i-trajectory ecacile ephakeme ku Imakethe yegesi ekhethekile ye-Global Exerticty. Ngokusho kokunye Imibiko yocwaningo lwemakethe, the Ubungako bemakethe ye-Electronics Specialty Kulindeleke ukuthi uqhubeke nokukhula kwawo okuqinile, ngesilinganiso sokukhula sonyaka esihlanganisiwe (i-CAGG) ekhipha eminye imikhakha eminingi yezimboni.

Okokugcina, amashifu wendawo ngaphakathi Ukukhiqiza ngogesi Futhi dlala indima. Ngenkathi izifunda ezisunguliwe ziyaqhubeka nokusungula, ezomnotho ezivelayo nazo zihamba zazo semiconductor na- Ukukhiqiza ngogesi amakhono. Leli Ukunwetshwa Kwezimakethe Ngokwesikali somhlaba wonke kunomthelela kokuphelele Ukukhula Kwemakethe. Njengomhlinzeki, sihlala sivumela kwethu ukukhiqizwa kwegesi futhi unikeze amaketanga okuhlangabezana nalokhu okunamandla imakethe kaphethiloli. Le khasi funa amagesi akhethekile ukuboniswa okuqondile komhlaba wethu oqhubekayo wezobuchwepheshe, kanye Imakethe yegesi ekhethekile ye-elekthronikhi isenhliziyweni yalolu shintsho. Le khasi Ukusetshenziswa kwe-elekthronikhi Amagesi asejwayela kakhulu, acindezela imingcele yalokho okwenzeka kubuchwepheshe.

Ukuhlanza isidingo: Yiziphi izingxenye ezibalulekile ezichaza imakethe yamagesi akhethekile kagesi?

Le khasi imakethe yamagesi akhethekile kagesi uhlukile, ngokhiye oningana izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi Igesi ye-Landscape isuselwa uhlobo lwegesi, uhlelo lokusebenza, kanye nobumsulwa. Ukuqonda lezi zingxenye kungasiza abathengi njengoMark benze izinqumo eziningi zokuthenga.

Enye indlela yokuhlukanisa imakethe ekhethekile ngohlobo lwe Kusetshenzisiwe amagesi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Amagesi amaningi ngobuningi: Ngenkathi kuvame ukubhekwa njengezinguqulo zezimboni, eziphakeme kakhulu zokuhlanzeka kwamagesi Nitrogen, Ingonona, I-helium, ne-hydrogen ziyisisekelo kwezokwenziwa ngogesi. Zisetshenziselwa ukudala i-anert atmorsheres, ukuhlanza, nanjengegesi ethwala.
• I-elekthronikhi ye-halocarbons (kufaka phakathi i-fluocarbons kagesi): Amagesi afana ne-NF₃ (Nitrogen Trifluoride), SF₆ (Sulfir Hexafluoride), C₂F₆, CHF₃, kanye ne-CH₂f₂ kubalulekile ngezinqubo zokuhlanza izinqubo ze-etching kanye nasendlini Ukukhiqiza i-semiconductor.
• Amagesi weSilico: USilane (Sih₄) kanye nokutholwa kwawo (njengoDichlorosilane) kubalulekile ukufaka izingqimba ze-silicon, isinyathelo esiyisisekelo ekubumbeni kwe-chip.
• Ama-Dopant Amagesi: I-Arsine (ASH₃), i-Phosphine (PH₃), neDiborane (B₂H₆) isetshenziswa ngamanani amancane, alawulwa 'eSilicon' Dope ' Lokhu kukhetheke kakhulu Amagesi akhethekile kagesi.
• Amagesi angavamile: Neon, Krypton, kanye I-XENON (Njengomsulwa wethu we-99.999% we-50l Cylinder Xenon Ger) zisetshenziswa ema-lasers nge-lithography, ukukhanyisa nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-niche.
• Amanye amagesi akhethekile kanye nokuxubana: Lokhu kufaka phakathi uhlu olubanzi lwe Amagesi nokuxutshwa thanda I-Carbon Dioxide, I-carbon monoxide, i-ammonia, kanye nezinhlanganisela ezahlukahlukene ngokwezifiso ezenziwe ngezinyathelo ezithile ku Inqubo Yokukhiqiza.

Enye ingxenye esemqoka uhlelo. Kungabazeki ukuthi isicelo esivelele ngokungangabazeki Ukukhiqiza i-semiconductor. Noma kunjalo, Igesi Ekhethekile Ekhethekile Yokudlala Izindima ezibalulekile ku:

• Ukuboniswa kwephaneli eyisicaba (i-FPDS): Ekhiqiza i-LCD, i-OLD, nokunye Khombisa ubuchwepheshe.
• Ama-LEDs (ukukhanya okukhanyisa ama-diode): Ukukhiqizwa kokukhanyisa okusebenzayo kwamandla nokuboniswa.
• Amaseli elanga (ama-Photovoltaics): Ukuboniswa kwamaseli we-photovoltaic.

Le khasi Imakethe Yabelana Kokunye kwalokhu izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi imakethe yegesi iyahlukahluka, nge Izimboni ze-Semiconductor imvamisa ebambe ingxenye enkulu kunazo zonke ngenxa yevolumu enkulu nezinhlobonhlobo ze Amagesi asetshenziswa ngokuhlukahlukene izigaba. Njenge- Umkhakha Wokukhiqiza Ngogesi iyaqhubeka nokuvela, ngakho-ke kuzokwenza kanjalo funa amagesi akhethekile ngaphakathi kwalezi zingxenye.

I-landscape yokuncintisana: Bangobani abadlali abasemqoka ababumba isabelo semakethe ekhethekile yegesi ekhethekile yegesi?

Le khasi Imakethe yegesi ekhethekile ye-Global Exerticty ibonakala ngokuhlanganiswa kwezinkampani ezinkulu zamazwe ahlukahlukene kanye nabadlali bezifunda ezikhethekile. Ukuqonda ukuthi ngubani omkhulu Abadlali Bemakethe banganikeza ukuqonda ngaphakathi Amandla emakethe nezitayela ezintsha. Izinkampani ezithanda Indlu ye-LINE (okuhlanganiswe nge-praxair), Imikhiqizo yomoya namakhemikhali, Inc., I-air liquide, kanye ne-taiyo nippon sanso Corporation zivame ukwenziwa Abadlali abasemqoka ku-Electronic Experty Umkhakha wegesi. Lawa ma-Giants anamanethiwekhi abanzi omhlaba wonke, amakhono amakhulu we-R & D, kanye nephothifoliyo ebanzi ye igesi ekhethekile imikhiqizo.

Lezi ezinkulu abadlali abakhethekile kagesi imakethe kaphethiloli tshala imali kakhulu ngaphakathi ukukhiqizwa kwegesi Ubuchwepheshe, amasu okuhlanza, kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula ezisezingeni elifanele ukuhlangabezana ne-antiwent Izidingo zomkhakha we-elekthronikhi. Zivame ukusebenzisana ngokutholwa okuholayo semiconductor Abakhiqizi ukuthuthukisa okusha Amagesi nokuxutshwa ezinqubweni zesizukulwane esilandelayo. Ezinkulu zabo Imakethe Yabelana Kungumphumela wamashumi eminyaka wokuhlangenwe nakho, ukuhanjiswa okungaguquki, neminikelo ephelele yensizakalo. Ngokwesibonelo, Imikhiqizo yomoya inobukhona obuqinile ekuhlinzekweni Amagesi ahlanzekile aphezulu ku Ukukhiqiza ngogesi Umkhakha. Ngokufanayo, Indlu ye-LINE inikeza ububanzi ububanzi begesi ekhethekile iklanyelwe izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene ze-elekthronikhi.

Kodwa-ke, imakethe ekhethekile Kubandakanya nabanye abahlinzeki abaningi abanekhono, kufaka phakathi izinkampani ezifana ezethu eChina, ezigxile ekuhlinzekeni ngekhwalithi ephezulu Amagesi akhethekile kagesi Ngezinzuzo zokuncintisana, ikakhulukazi ngokuya ngokutholakala nezindleko. Amaphoyisa amaningi okuthengwa kwempahla, njengoMarku, thola inani ekuhlukaniseni isisekelo sabo sabahlinzeki futhi asebenza namafektri anganikela ngekhwalithi futhi esebenza kahle Ukukhiqizwa kwegesi okukhethekile. Isihluthulelo ukukhomba abahlinzeki abangahlangana nabo ngokungaguquki kweminye imibala, banikeze ukulethwa okuthembekile, futhi banikeze isitifiketi esibonakalayo. Le khasi Imakethe yamagesi we-Global Electronics Specialty iyancintisana, okugcina izinzuzo zokuthenga ngokushayela ezintsha kanye nokusebenza kahle phakathi Amagesi akhethekile emhlabeni jikelele.

 Inhliziyo ye-Tech Yanamuhla: Yeka ukuthi lubaluleke kangakanani amagesi akhethekile e-semiconductor ekhiqizweni kanye ne-elekthronikhi?

Akunakwenzeka ukwedlula ukubaluleka kwe Amagesi akhethekile phakathi kwa- Ukukhiqiza i-semiconductor kanye nabanzi Umkhakha Wokukhiqiza Ngogesi. Lezi Amagesi adlala indima ebalulekile Cishe kuzo zonke izigaba zokukhiqiza ama-chip anamandla emhlabeni wethu wedijithali. Ukusuka ekulungiseleleni i-silicon wafer kwiphakheji yokugcina, ethize Amagesi akhethekile kagesi zibaluleke kakhulu. Le khasi Inqubo Yokukhiqiza of a semiconductor Kubandakanya amakhulukhulu ezinyathelo, eziningi zazo ezincike ekuphendukeni okunembile kwamakhemikhali ezenziwe yilamagesi.

Cabanga ngohambo lwe-silicon wafer:

• Ukuhlanza: Amagesi anjenge-nitrogen trifluoride (NF₃) asetshenziselwa ukuhlanzwa kwe-plasma kwamagumbi okugcina, asuse izinsalela ezingafuneki. Lokhu kuqinisekisa indawo ye-pristine yezinqubo ezilandelayo.
• Isimo: USilane (Sih₄) uyi-Correrstone igesi ekhethekile ye-elekthronikhi Isetshenziselwa ukufakwa kwe-Chemical Vapor Devisen (CVD) ukubeka phansi amafilimu amancanyana e-silicon noma i-silicon dioxide. Amanye amagesi adala izingqimba ze-dielectric noma amafilimu asebenzayo.
• Ukubeka: Yilapho amaphethini ayinkimbinkimbi aqoshwa ebusheni. Amagesi afana ne-chlorine (CL₂), i-hydrogen bromide (HBR), kanye nama-fluorocarbons ahlukahlukene (isb. Ukukhethwa kwe igesi ekhethekile inquma isilinganiso se-etch kanye nephrofayili.
• DOPING: Ukwakha ama-transistors, ukungcola okuthile kufanele kwethulwe ku-silicon. Lokhu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa iDopant Kusetshenzisiwe amagesi Njenge-phosphine (PH₃), i-Arsine (ASH₃), noma i-Diborane (B₂H₆). Ukugxila kwalokhu Amagesi we-elekthronikhi kumele alawulwe kakhulu.
• I-Lithography: Ngenkathi imithombo ekhanyayo ibalulekile, Amagesi angavamile Njenge-Argon (AR), i-Krypton (KR), ne-XENON (XE) zisetshenziswa kuma-lasers e-Excelmers aphendvulayo ama-wafers. Inert amagesi afana Isilinda segesi ye-Argon zisetshenziselwa ukudala umoya wokuvikela.

Ngaphandle kwemicronductors, Kusetshenziswa amagesi akhethekile we-elekthronikhi Ekukhiqizeni ukuboniswa kwephaneli yephaneli, ama-LED, namaseli elanga. Isibonelo, amagesi afana ne-ammonia (NH₃) kanye noSilane basetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni ama-transistors amancane (ama-TFTs) wezikrini ze-LCD. Le khasi Ukukhiqizwa Kwe-elekthronikhi amadivayisi nje ngeke akwazi ukwenzeka ngaphandle kokunikezwa okuthembekile kwalokhu Amagesi ahlanzekile aphezulu. Le khasi Izicelo embonini ye-semiconductor zinkulu, futhi amagesi axhasayo Lezi zinqubo zithuthuke kakhulu. Le khasi kudlala amagesi akhethekile indima eqondile ekusebenzeni, ekuthembekeni nasezindleko zokugcina Amadivayisi we-elekthronikhi.

Ukuzulazula okwamanje: Yimiphi amandla asemqoka emakethe embikweni wemakethe okhethekile wegesi?

Le khasi imakethe ekhethekile, ikakhulukazi igesi ekhethekile ye-elekthronikhi Ingxenye, ithonywa ukhiye oningana Amandla emakethe. Ukuqonda lokhu kungasiza amabhizinisi alindele amashifu futhi ahlele ngokufanele. I-munye amandla amakhulu ijubane elisheshayo lokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe ku Umkhakha Wezogesi. Njengoba amadivayisi athola amancane, ashesha, futhi anamandla ngokwengeziwe (cabanga nge-5G, AI chips, izinzwa ezithuthukile), isidingo sobumsulwa obukhulu Amagesi akhethekile nenoveli Amagesi nokuxutshwa kuyanda. Lokhu kushayela okuqhubekayo kwe-R & D in ukukhiqizwa kwegesi nokuhlanzwa.

Enye into ebalulekile yindawo yokuqina kwe-geopolitical kanye nokuqina kokuhlinzekwa kwama-chain. Imicimbi efana ne-pandemics yomhlaba noma izingxabano zokuhweba ingathinta ukutholakala futhi Izindleko zamagesi akhethekile kagesi. Lokhu kuholele ezinkampanini eziningi, kufaka phakathi lezo ezise-USA naseYurophu, ukuze zihlole kabusha amasu abo okuthola amandla, kwesinye isikhathi zifuna ukwehluka kwesifunda noma ubudlelwano obuqondile nabakhiqizi emazweni afana neChina. Le khasi Imakethe ibone ukukhula okukhulu, kepha akunjalo ngaphandle kobunzima bayo. Kithina njengefektri, siqinisekisa ukuhlinzekwa okuzinzile kwezinto ezizinzile futhi silondoloze izinto ezisebenzayo zibaluleke kakhulu ukunciphisa lezi zingozi kumakhasimende ethu.

Imithetho yezemvelo kanye nokusimama nakho kuya ngokuya kubumba imakethe kaphethiloli. -Nye Amagesi akhethekile kagesi, ikakhulukazi ama-fluococarboons athile, anekhono eliphakeme lokufudumala lomhlaba wonke (GWP). Lokhu kucwaninga okushayela amanye amagesi anomthelela ophansi wezemvelo nokukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kanye nokubuyiselwa okukhona Amagesi akhethekile. Izinkampani ezithanda Indlu ye-LINE na- Imikhiqizo yomoya babambe iqhaza ngenkuthalo ekuthuthukiseni izixazululo ze-Greener. Le khasi Izindleko eziphakeme ze-Electronic Experty amagesi, ahambisana nokukhathazeka kwemvelo, akhuthaza abakhiqizi ukuthi basebenzise okwabo Inqubo Yokukhiqiza ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwegesi. Lezi Amandla emakethe zibalulekile kunoma yikuphi Umbiko Wemakethe noma ucwaningo lwemakethe phezu kwa- Amagesi akhethekile.

Sourcing Smart: Ungaqinisekisa kanjani ukuthi ikhwalithi nokuthembeka lapho uthenga amagesi akhethekile kagesi avela eChina?

Maka, ngazinye ukukhathazeka kwakho okubalulekile lapho ngithenga amagesi wezimboni, ikakhulukazi igesi ekhethekile ye-elekthronikhi, ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi kanye nezitifiketi. Lokhu kuyaqondakala ngokuphelele, kunikezwe indima ebalulekile ukuthi la magesi adlala. Ukusongela kusuka emazweni asathuthuka afana neChina kunganikeza amanani entengo ancintisanayo, kepha kubalulekile ekuhlanganyeleni nabathengisi ababeka phambili ikhwalithi nokubonakala. Njengomnikazi wefektri lapha, ake ngihlanganyele ukuqonda okuthile kokuthi ungaqinisekisa kanjani ukuthi uthola okungcono kakhulu.

Okokuqala, ukukhuthala okufanele kubaluleke kakhulu. Musa ukubheka nje intengo. Phenya idumela lomhlinzeki, izikhungo zabo zokukhiqiza (uma kungenzeka, ngokuvakasha okubonakalayo noma ukucwaningwa kwamabhuku okuvela eceleni), nezinqubo zabo zokulawula ikhwalithi. Cela imininingwane enemininingwane ye igesi ekhethekile Udinga futhi uqinisekise ukuthi bangahlangana nabo ngokungaguquki. Ingomane Amagesi akhethekile kagesi, lokhu kusho ukubheka amazinga okuhlanza kuvame ukwedlula 99.999%. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho uthenga imikhiqizo efana neyethu Isilinda se-oksijini noma Isilinda se-nitrogen, kufanele ulindele imibhalo ecacile yobumsulwa.

Okwesibili, Izitifiketi zibalulekile, kepha ziqinisekise. Abahlinzeki abadumile bazoba nezitifiketi njenge-ISO 9001 (yezinhlelo zokuphatha ezisezingeni eliphezulu) futhi kungenzeka i-ISO 14001 (yokulawulwa kwemvelo). Kodwa-ke, qaphela "inkohliso yesitifiketi ngezikhathi ngezikhathi ezithile" owashilo. Ngaso sonke isikhathi zama ukuqinisekisa izitifiketi nemizimba ekhipha noma usebenzise izinsizakalo zokuhlola umuntu wesithathu othembekile. Umphakeli onokwethenjelwa uzoba sobala futhi angezelele le nqubo yokuqinisekisa. Kufanele banikeze ngezitifiketi zokuhlaziywa (COA) nge-batch ngayinye ye igesi ekhethekile, echaza amazinga okumsulwa kanye nokungcola kwamazinga, okuqinisekiswe yimishini yokuhlaziya ethuthukile efana negesi Chromatgamagraphs (GC) noma ama-spectrometers amaningi (MS). Lokhu kuwumkhuba ojwayelekile we Amagesi ahlanzekile aphezulu.

Okwesithathu, qala iziteshi zokuxhumana ezicacile. Enye yamaphuzu akho wezinhlungu ukukhulumisana ngokungafanele. Thola umphakeli nabamele abathengisi abaphendulayo nabanolwazi abaqonda izidingo zakho - hhayi nje i-oda lakho, kepha uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza nokukhathazeka kwakho. Izithiyo zolimi kwesinye isikhathi zingaba yinkinga, ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi iqembu elisebenzisana nayo linezikhulumi zesiNgisi ezinekhono. We ngokwesibonelo, sibeka phambili ukuxhumana okucacile nokusebenzayo ukugwema ukungaqondi nokubambezeleka. Le khasi funa amagesi akhethekile kuvame ukuzwela isikhathi, ngakho-ke ukuxhumana okusebenzayo kubalulekile kubushelelezi Inqubo Yokukhiqiza kwakho.

Ngaphesheya komkhiqizo: Yini okufanele wazi ngezinto zokufunda kanye ne-pplity chain yamagesi ahlanzekile aphezulu?

I-Logistics iyisihlubuki esibucayi, kepha esivame ukungabukelwa phansi, isici sokuthola amandla Amagesi akhethekile kagesi. Ubalule ukubambezeleka kokuthumela okuholela kumasheduli wokukhiqiza aphuthelwe njengendawo enkulu yobuhlungu, uphawu. Lokhu kuyinkinga evamile ku imakethe yomhlaba, ikakhulukazi Amagesi ahlanzekile aphezulu lokho kudinga ukuphathwa okukhethekile nokuhamba.

Ukufakwa nokuhamba kwe Amagesi akhethekile ziyinkimbinkimbi. Lezi Kusetshenziswa amagesi Ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene - igesi ecindezelwe kumasilinda, igesi e-liquefied gesi ngama-dewars noma amathangi we-ISO. Ngayinye idinga izinqubo ezithile zokuphatha ukuze ilondoloze ubumsulwa futhi iqinisekise ukuphepha. Ama-Cylinders kumele aphathwe kahle, ahlanzwa, futhi asuswe ukuvikela ukungcoliswa. Ukuhlanzeka kwe-Ultra-High Amagesi we-elekthronikhi, ngisho ne-cylindel valve iyingxenye ebucayi. Lapho uhlola umphakeli, buza ngamasu abo wokulungiselela amasilinda nokuthi baqinisekisa kanjani ukuthembeka kwe igesi ekhethekile kusuka esimisweni sabo kuya esikhungweni sakho.

Ukubambezeleka kokuthumela kungavela ezintweni ezahlukahlukene: Izinkinga zokukhiqiza, ukugcwala ethekwini, imvume yenkambiso, noma izinkinga zokuhamba zezwe. Okuthembekile igesi ekhethekile Umphakeli kufanele abe nokuhlelwa kokuhlelwa kwezinto eziqinile kanye nezinyathelo eziphuthumayo. Kufanele:

• Nikeza ngezikhathi ezingokoqobo zokuhola: Ukusobala mayelana nokukhiqizwa kanye nomugqa wesikhathi sokuthumela kubalulekile.
• Nikeza ukulandelela nokuvuselelwa: Ukugcina unolwazi ngesimo sakho sokuthumela kukusiza ukuba uhlele.
• Ube nesipiliyoni ngokuthumela kwamanye amazwe: Lokhu kufaka phakathi imibhalo efanelekile yezinto eziyingozi (uma ikhona) kanye nokuqonda imithethonqubo yokungenisa / yokuthumela kwamanye amazwe amazwe afana ne-USA, nezinye izifunda ezifana neNyakatho Melika naseYurophu.
• Sebenza nabadluliseli bempahla edumile: Ubambiswano oluqinile ocingweni lwe-Logistics lungenza umehluko omkhulu.

Mayelana nezindlela zokukhokha, xoxa ngezinketho ngaphambili. Ngenkathi izindleko ziyisici, amagama wokukhokha aphephile futhi asobala abalulekile ekwakheni ukwethembana. Abahlinzeki abaningi baseChinese bavumelana nezimo futhi bangasebenza ngezindlela ezijwayelekile zokukhokha zamazwe omhlaba ezinjengokudluliselwa kwe-telegraphic (T / t) noma izinhlamvu zesikweletu (l / c). Amagama acacile agweme ukudideka nezingxabano ezingaba khona. Izinto ezisebenza kahle nezinqubo zokukhokha ezicacile zibalulekile njenge igesi ekhethekile uqobo lokugcina amashejuli akho okukhiqiza kanye nenzuzo yebhizinisi jikelele. Le khasi Umbiko Wemakethe Yegesi kuvame ukugqamisa izinto njengenselelo enkulu ku imakethe ekhethekile.

Ukubuka phambili: Yiziphi izinto ezintsha zesikhathi esizayo kanye nokwanda kwemakethe kulindeleke kumagesi akhethekile kagesi?

Le khasi Imakethe yegesi ekhethekile ye-elekthronikhi inamandla, futhi singalindela izinto ezintsha ezijabulisayo futhi ngaphezulu Ukunwetshwa Kwezimakethe eminyakeni ezayo. Le khasi Ukukhula kwezinto ezikhethekile ze-elekthronikhi Umkhakha wegesi uxhunyaniswe ngokusobala ekuziphendukeleni kwe- Umkhakha Wezogesi uqobo. Umkhuba owodwa obalulekile ukuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezintsha nezinqubo zesizukulwane esilandelayo semiconductor amadivayisi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinto ezinjenge-3D NAPH, ama-Gate-All-Air-Air-ezungeza (GAA), kanye nobuchwepheshe bokupakisha abathuthukile. Ngayinye yalezi ezintsha izodinga okusha noma iguqulwe Amagesi akhethekile kagesi ngokucaciswa okunzima.

Cishe sizobona ukuqhubeka kokucindezela kwe- "Greener" Amagesi akhethekile. Njengoba imithetho yezemvelo iba nzima, kuzoba khona okuningi kwe-R & D egxile ekutholeni ezinye izindlela Amagesi asetshenziswa ngokuhlukahlukene izinqubo ezine-GWP ephezulu. Lokhu kungafaka ukuthuthukisa okusha fluocarbons kagesi ngomthelela ophansi wezemvelo noma ukwenza ngcono ubuchwepheshe bokuvuselela kabusha kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuthi ukhona igesi ekhethekile imikhiqizo. Le yindawo lapho Abadlali Bemakethe thanda Imikhiqizo yomoya namakhemikhali bayatshala imali. Lokhu kuguquka kuzokwakha a Ikenini eNtsha Ngemvelo yemvelo Amagesi akhethekile kagesi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, The Ukunwetshwa Kwezimakethe iwa- Ukukhiqiza ngogesi Ezindaweni ezintsha zezwe kuzoqhubeka nokushayela funa amagesi akhethekile. Ngenkathi iziqubu zendabuko zihlala, amazwe afuna ukuqinisa ubukhosi bawo wezobuchwepheshe bayatshala imali ngokwabo Izimboni ze-Semiconductor. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kwendawo kuzodinga amaketanga okuphakelayo emhlabeni jikelele Amagesi akhethekile kagesi. Siphinde silindele ukukhula kwesidingo se Amagesi asekelayo I-Quantum Computing, amadivaysi ezokwelapha athuthukile, kanye ne-elekthronikhi eguquguqukayo - konke okuthembela ku-Specialied Amagesi nokuxutshwa. Le khasi Umbiko Wemakethe Ekhethekile Kagesi Electronic Cishe izoqokomisa lezi zinhlelo ezivelayo njengabashayeli ababalulekile bokukhula. Le khasi Ukuvela kwezidingo ze-elekthronikhi Umkhakha usho lokho Ukukhiqizwa kwegesi okukhethekile kumele zivumelane njalo futhi zisuse.

Usebenzisana nempumelelo: Umhlinzeki wegesi othembekile angaphakamisa kanjani ibhizinisi lakho?

Maka, njengomnikazi wenkampani othenge izindleko eziphansi amagesi wezimboni Futhi uzithengise izinkampani zamakhemikhali nezikhiqizayo, ukukhetha kwakho komhlinzeki kuthinta ngqo umugqa kanye nedumela lakho eliphansi. Ukusebenzisana nokwethenjeka igesi ekhethekile Umhlinzeki, ikakhulukazi ngokugxeka Amagesi akhethekile kagesi, inganikela okungaphezu komkhiqizo nje; Kungaba inzuzo yamasu. Umhlinzeki othembekile usebenza njengokunwetshwa kwebhizinisi lakho, kukusiza uhlangane nezidingo zamakhasimende akho ngokungaguquguquki.

Umhlinzeki onokwethenjelwa uyaqonda ukuthi impumelelo yakho impumelelo yabo. Lokhu kusho:

• Ikhwalithi engaguquki: Ukuhambisa Amagesi ahlanzekile aphezulu thanda Nitrogen noma Umoya ohlanzekile lokho kuhlangana noma ukwedlula ukucaciswa ngaso sonke isikhathi, kusekelwa ama-coas afanele. Lokhu kunciphisa ubungozi bakho futhi kuqinisekise amakhasimende akho athola ikhwalithi abayilindele.
• Ukunikezwa okuthembekile: Ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka nokubambezeleka kokuthumela. Lokhu kukusiza ukuba ugcine amashejuli wakho wokukhiqiza futhi ugweme isikhathi esibizayo samakhasimende akho. Izinketho zokuhlinzekwa eziguquguqukayo nazo ziwuphawu lomlingani omuhle.
• Intengo yokuncintisana: Ngenkathi ikhwalithi ibaluleke kakhulu, izintengo zokuncintisana zikusiza ukuba ulondoloze imishado yakho yenzuzo. Njengefektri esebenza kahle ukukhiqizwa kwegesi Imigqa, siyakuqonda ukubaluleka kokuhlinzeka ngenani.
• Ukuxhaswa Kwezobuchwepheshe (ngisho nakwabathengi abangawona nezobuchwepheshe): Noma ungabi nabuchwepheshe obukhulu bezobuchwepheshe, umphakeli wakho kufanele akwazi ukuhlinzeka ngolwazi olucacile nokusekelwa, okusiza ukuthi uqonde imikhiqizo oyithengayo kanye nezicelo zazo.
• Ukuxhumana Okusebenzayo: Ukukugcina unolwazi ngezitayela zemakethe, izindaba ezingaba khona, noma ukuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo okusha. Lokhu kukusiza ukuba wenze izinqumo ezingcono zamasu.

Ekugcineni, ilungelo igesi ekhethekile ye-elekthronikhi umphakeli uba umlingani ekukhuleni kwakho. Bakusiza ukuthi uzulazule ubunzima be imakethe kaphethiloli, Hlanganisa ubungozi, bese uletha inani kumakhasimende akho. E-Huazhong Gas, silwela ukuba yilolo hlobo lozakwethu lwamabhizinisi afana nelakho e-USA, eNyakatho Melika, eYurophu nase-Australia. Sikholwa ukuthi ngokugxila kwikhwalithi, ukuthembeka, nokukhulumisana okuvulekile, singakusiza uphumelele ekuncintisaneni Imakethe yegesi ekhethekile ye-elekthronikhi. Le khasi Amagesi akhethekile adlala okubalulekile Indima ecaleni lakho levelu, futhi sizibophezele ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi indima igcwalisiwe ngaphandle komthungo. Le khasi Ukukhula kokukhethekile ngogesi Umkhakha wegesi uveza amathuba, futhi nabalingani abafanele, ungasebenzisa imali kubo.

Ukubekezela okusemqoka ukukhumbula:

• Amagesi akhethekile amathuluzi okunemba: Amagesi akhethekile kagesi yimikhiqizo yokuhlanza ephezulu ephezulu ibalulekile konamuhla Ukukhiqiza ngogesi, ikakhulukazi ku semiconductor imboni.
• Ukukhula kwemakethe kuqinile: Le khasi Imakethe yegesi ekhethekile ye-elekthronikhi ihlangabezana nokubalulekile Ukukhula Kwemakethe, eqhutshwa ngentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe kanye nokwanda Umkhakha Wezogesi.
• Ikhwalithi ayinakuphikiswa: Ingomane igesi ekhethekile ye-elekthronikhi, ubumsulwa kanye nokuvumelana kubaluleke kakhulu. Hlala uqinisekisa ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yomphakeli kanye nezitifiketi.
• Logistics nokuxhumana kukhiye: Ukuthunyelwa okuthembekile nokuxhumana okucacile neyakho igesi ekhethekile Umhlinzeki ubalulekile ukugwema ukubambezeleka kokukhiqiza futhi uqinisekise ukuthi kubushelelezi ukuhanjiswa.
• I-Strategic Sombing ibalulekile: Khetha abahlinzeki abanikeza ibhalansi yekhwalithi, izintengo zokuncintisana, ukuthembeka, kanye nensizakalo enhle yamakhasimende. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu lapho kutholwa emazweni asathuthuka.
• Ikusasa liyasha: Lindela okusha igesi ekhethekile intuthuko yokweseka ama-elekthronikhi alandelayo kanye nokugxila okukhulu ekusimeni kwemvelo ku imakethe kaphethiloli.
• Ubambiswano uyakhokha: Umphakeli othembekile we Amagesi akhethekile Ungaba ngumlingani obalulekile, onikela ekusebenzeni kahle kwebhizinisi lakho, idumela, kanye nakunzuzo.

Ngiyethemba lokhu kubuka konke igesi ekhethekile na- Imakethe yegesi ekhethekile ye-elekthronikhi bekulokhu kuqonda, uphawu. Ukuzulazula kule makethe ngempumelelo kungaba yinzuzo enkulu yebhizinisi lakho.