Sawubona Mark, Allen Lapha kusuka kugesi Huazhong. Ngiyazi ukuthi njengomnikazi webhizinisi elinqumayo kanye ne-peorcement yempahla e-USA, uhlala ufuna ikhwalithi amagesi wezimboni ngamanani ancintisanayo. Unolwazi ngokuthengisa kepha ungathokozisa umhlahlandlela oqondile ohlangothini lwezobuchwepheshe. Le ndatshana yenzelwe lokho. Sizohlola i- Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zamagesi wezimboni - kusuka e-Ubiquitous Nitrogen na- Umoya ohlanzekile kubadlali ababalulekile abanjengo I-Carbon Dioxide, I-hydrogen, futhi Ingonona. Ukuqonda la magesi, awo Izicelo zegesi, kanye namandla kaJehova Imakethe Yezimboni Yezimboni Ungakunika amandla okwenza izinqumo zokuthenga ezinolwazi ngokwengeziwe, ikakhulukazi lapho zithola khona amafektri anjengemayini eChina. Lokhu akuyona nje Ukuhlaziywa Kwemboni; kungukubukeka okusebenzayo kwamagesi lokho bulala phambili Umhlaba wethu ndawonye futhi ushayela abaningi izinqubo zezimboni. Ake ungene ngaphakathi futhi cindezela Imininingwane ethile eyinkimbinkimbi yokuqonda okugayiwayo kalula!

Amabhulokhi wokwakha: Yini echaza kahle "igesi yezimboni" futhi kungani bebaluleke kakhulu?

Ungase uzwe igama igesi yezimboni Kaningi, uMark, kepha uhlanganisa ngempelani ngempela? Kalula nje, a Igesi Yezimboni yiqembu wezinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-gaseous ezikhiqizwe ukuze zisetshenziswe ngaphakathi Izimboni ezahlukahlukene nezinqubo. Lezi Amagesi kumane nje Amagesi asemkhathini (afana nitrogen, umoya ohlanzekile, ingonona), ukucubungula amagesi (njenge i-hydrogen, I-Carbon Dioxide, acetylene), noma ukhethekile kakhulu Amagesi akhethekile. Bahlukile kumagesi kaphethiloli afana igesi yemvelo noma I-liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) thanda oko- thela, yize amanye amagesi wezimboni nawo angaba ngamagesi kaphethiloli (e.g., i-hydrogen, acetylene). Isimo esichazayo isicelo sabo ngaphakathi izinqubo zezimboni kunokuba nje ukufudumeza noma amandla ngomqondo wendabuko. Lezi Kusebenza amagesi Imisebenzi ebucayi evame ukungabi nezinye izinto ezisebenzayo.

Ukubaluleka kwe amagesi wezimboni ayikwazi ukweqiwa ngokweqile. I-Industrial Gases Play indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwisimangaliso esimangazayo uhla olubanzi lwezimboni, kufaka phakathi ukwenziwa kwensimbi, ukukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali, ezempilo, ama-elekthronikhi, ukudla nesiphuzo, Izithuthi, i-Aerospace, nokwakha. Zingasetshenziswa ukudala i-amorsheres ethile, lula ukusabela kwamakhemikhali, iqhwa futhi ilondoloze imikhiqizo, i-aerosols, bulala phambili Futhi usike izinsimbi, ulinganise amathuluzi azwakalayo, nokunye okuningi. Ubumsulwa, ingcindezi, kanye nendlela yokulethwa kwe igesi yezimboni zivame ukuqondiswa ngokuqondile Izicelo zegesi. Ngokwesibonelo, umoya ohlanzekile isetshenziswe esibhedlela ihlukile ekuphatheni kwayo kanye nesitifiketi kune umoya ohlanzekile Kusetshenziswe esigangeni sensimbi, noma ngabe i-molecule eyisisekelo iyefana.

Njengomnikazi wefektri eChina enemigqa yokukhiqiza eyisikhombisa enikelwe kuyo igesi yezimboni Ukukhiqizwa, ngizibonele mathupha ukuthi le mikhiqizo ihlanganisa kanjani umnotho wembulunga yonke. Ukusuka ezitshalweni zokukhiqiza ezikhulu ezitolo ezincane zokusebenzisa, amabhizinisi ancike kwikhwalithi engaguquki futhi ephezulu Ukunikezwa kwegesi. Le khasi Umkhakha wegesi Ingabe i-Isisekelo Esiyisisekelo Sentuthuko Yesimanje Yokwenziwa Nezobuchwepheshe. Ngaphandle kwalokhu Kusetshenziswe amagesi ajwayelekile Nsuku zonke, imikhiqizo eminingi nezinsizakalo esizithatha kalula bekungeke kube khona noma kuzobiza kakhulu ukukhiqiza.

I-Workorse engabonakali: Kungani i-nitrogen enye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zamagesi wezimboni ozohlangana nazo?

Nitrogen (n₂) yinye yezimpikiswano ehlukile kakhulu futhi esetshenziswa kabanzi amagesi wezimboni. Ukukhalela cishe ama-78% womhlaba womhlaba, kuningi futhi akubizi kakhulu ukukhiqiza, ngokuvamile ngamayunithi wokuhlukanisa womoya (asus). Izakhiwo zayo ezibaluleke kakhulu ukuqina kwayo kanye nekhono layo lokususa umoya (futhi ngenxa yalokho umoya ohlanzekile), okwenza kube wusizo olukhulu ekuhlolweni okukhulu kwe Izicelo zamagesi ezimboni. -Ngakanani Amaklayenti Wezimboni Sebenzisa i-nitrogen nsuku zonke.

Enye yokusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwe igesi ye-nitrogen Ukuhlanza nokuhlanza. Ku imboni yamakhemikhali na- imboni kaphethiloli, nitrogen isetshenziselwa ukudala umkhathi owomile, i-ineret emathangini, amapayipi, kanye nokuphendula ukuvikela i-oxidation engafuneki, imililo noma ukuqhuma. Leli hlikihla igesi Uhlelo lokusebenza lubalulekile ukuze uphephe nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Ku Umkhakha Wokudla Nesiphuzo, nitrogen isetshenziswa ekupakweni komkhathi oguquliwe (Imephu) ukwelula impilo yeshelufu yempahla engonakali ngokuvikela impango edalwe yi umoya ohlanzekile. Uzothola nitrogen isetshenziswe kukho konke kusuka ekugqeni kwamazambane amazambane ukulondolozela ikhofi entsha. I-liquid nitrogen Isetshenziselwa futhi ngokudumile kwemikhiqizo yokudla efrijini.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, nitrogen Idlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni ngogesi, owesilisa kanye negesi (ngokuvuselelwa kwamafutha kanye nokuvuselelwa kwamafutha kanye nepayipi ukugcwala), ngisho nasekwelashweni kokushisa kwezinsimbi. I-inertness yayo ivimbela ukusabela, kanye nezakhiwo zayo ze-crygenic (njengoba I-liquid nitrogen) zibalulekile ezinqubweni ezithile zokupholisa. Kusuka kumabhizinisi ami okuhlinzeka ngamabhizinisi e-USA naseYurophu, isidingo sekhwalithi ephezulu Nitrogen iqinile njalo cishe njalo umkhakha. Ivolumu enkulu ye nitrogen kudliwe emhlabeni wonke kwenza kube yitshe legumbi le imboni yegesi yezimboni.

Ukuphefumula kwemboni yanamuhla: U-O oxygen usetshenziswa kanjani ezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezimboni zezimboni?

Umoya-mpilo (O₂), igesi ebalulekile empilweni, nayo iyindawo yamanzi emhlabeni amagesi wezimboni. Thanda nitrogen na- ingonona, kukhiqizwa ngokuyinhloko yi-cryhic distillation yomoya kumayunithi wokwahlukaniswa komoya (ASUS). Ngenkathi yenza cishe ama-21% womkhathi wethu, agxile umoya ohlanzekile inezakhiwo ezenza ukuba kubaluleke kakhulu kuningi Izicelo zegesi zezimboni. Isici saso esiphawuleka kakhulu yikhono laso ukusekela nokuqinisa ukuhlanganiswa kokuqina, okuhlanganiswe kwabaningi izinqubo zezimboni.

Ukusetshenziswa okukodwa okukhulu kwe umoya-mpilo wezimboni ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi. Ku-BAIC OXYGEN STEBMASISISE (BOS), ubumsulwa obukhulu umoya ohlanzekile ifakwe kwinsimbi encibilikisiwe ukuze baphendule ngekhabhoni eyeqile kanye nokunye ukungcola, kucwengeke ngensimbi. Le nqubo ithembele kakhulu ekunikezelweni okukhulu nokuqhubekayo kwe umoya ohlanzekile. Ngaphandle kwensimbi, umoya ohlanzekile kubalulekile ukukhiqiza ezinye izinsimbi, ku imboni yamakhemikhali Ngokuphendula i-oxidation (isb. Lezi Izicelo zamagesi ezimboni Qokomisa Kanjani Amagesi anjenge-oxygen zibalulekile embonini esindayo.

Vele, kwezokwelapha umoya ohlanzekile Ungolunye uhlelo olubucayi, olubalulekile ekunakekelweni kweziguli ezibhedlela nasekunakekelweni kwezempilo ekhaya. Ngokwengeziwe, umoya ohlanzekile kuyinto esemqoka ekusikeni kophethiloli oxy futhi bulala phambili Izinqubo, zivame ukuhlanganiswa namagesi afana ne-acetylene, lapho kudala khona amazinga okushisa aphezulu kakhulu wokubukelwa kwensimbi okusebenzayo. Le khasi funa umoya-mpilo inkomba eqinile yomsebenzi wezimboni, futhi njengomphakeli, ukuqinisekisa ubumsulwa kanye nokwethenjwa kwemikhiqizo efana neyethu Umoya ohlanzekile kubaluleke kakhulu. Umoya-mpilo owuketshezi Inikeza ifomu eliminyene lokugcina nokuhambisa abasebenzisi abakhulu. Leli igesi ejwayelekile yezimboni Uwukuphefumula ngempela impilo yezimboni eziningi.

Ngaphesheya kwe-fizz: Yini eyenza i-carbon dioxide ibe umdlali oguquguqukayo emkhakheni wokudla kanye notshwala kanye nezinye izimboni?

I-Carbon Dioxide (Co₂) kungenye ye- Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zamagesi wezimboni ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezihlukile zohlelo. Ngenkathi kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nezingxoxo zokushintsha kwesimo sezulu lapho kungukukhishwa, kubanjiwe futhi kuhlanzwa I-Carbon Dioxide kuyinto ebalulekile. Ingatholwa ezinqumweni ezahlukahlukene zezimboni, njenge-ammonia futhi i-hydrogen ukukhiqizwa, ukuvutshelwa, noma kukhishwe emithonjeni yemvelo. Le khasi imboni yegesi izindlela ezisunguliwe kahle zokuhlanza Qaphela ekudleni nasemabangeni wezimboni.

Ukusetshenziswa okwamukelwa kakhulu kwe I-Carbon Dioxide iku Umkhakha Wokudla Nesiphuzo. Yigesi ebeka i-fizz eziphuzweni ezithambile zekhabhoni, ubhiya, namanzi acwebezelayo - itshe legumbi le Umkhakha Weziphuzo. Ngaphesheya kwe-carbonate, I-Carbon Dioxide isetshenziselwa ukupakishwa komkhathi oguquliwe (imephu) ukwelula impilo yeshelufu yemikhiqizo yokudla, efana nayo nitrogen. -Jiyile I-Carbon Dioxide, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-ice elomile, iyisiqandisi esihle kakhulu sokuhambisa izimpahla ezibucayi zokushisa ngaphandle kokungcola kwamanzi okuncibilikayo. Leli igesi ye-dioxide ngakho-ke kubalulekile kwabaningi Iyacubungula Izimboni.

Kepha ukusetshenziswa kwe I-Carbon Dioxide kunwebeka kude kakhulu kokudla neziphuzo. Isetshenziswa njengegesi evikelekile kokunye bulala phambili izinqubo (kaningi ngaphakathi Ukuhlanganiswa kwegesi ne- ingonona), ikakhulukazi i-WELDID yensimbi yekhabhoni. Ezicijile umlilo, Qaphela ukulahla umoya ohlanzekile, ukushaya amalangabi. Iphinde ibe nezicelo ekukhiqizweni kwamakhemikhali, njengento eluhlaza yokukhiqiza amakhemikhali afana norea ne-methanol, kanye nokubuyiselwa kwamafutha athuthukisiwe ku i-petroleum Umkhakha. Njengomhlinzeki, sibona isidingo esingaguquki sokwethenjelwa I-Carbon Dioxide Cylinder imikhiqizo yalezi zidingo ezahlukahlukene. Leli igesi yezimboni ukubhoboza ngokweqiniso ngaphezulu kwesisindo sawo ngokuya ngokuhlukahluka.

Into elula kunazo zonke, umthelela osindayo: Yiziphi izinhlelo ezibalulekile zegesi zezimboni zamandla we-hydrogen?

I-Hydrogen (H₂), into elula kakhulu futhi egcwele kakhulu endaweni yonke, is a igesi yezimboni Ngomsebenzi omkhulu wamanje futhi amandla amakhulu azayo. Ngenkathi ingekho ngokukhululeka ngobuningi obukhulu emhlabeni, i-hydrogen kukhiqizwa ngokuyinhloko nge-Steam Methane Reform (SMR) ye igesi yemvelo noma nge-electrolysis yamanzi. Izakhiwo zayo ezihlukile - I-Agent esebenza kahle kakhulu, ekhulisa kakhulu, kanye nokuqukethwe kwamandla okuphezulu ngeyunithi ngayinye - kwenze kube yigugu kwabaningi Izicelo zegesi.

Umthengi omkhulu we i-hydrogen yi- imboni kaphethiloli. Emihlalweni yokuhlanza, i-hydrogen isetshenziswa kakhulu nge-hydricracking (ephula ama-molecule kawoyela angaphansi alula, amafutha abaluleke kakhulu afana nophethiloli nodizili) kanye ne-hydrotreating kanye ne-hydrotreating (ukususa isibabule kanye nokunye ukungcola kusuka kumazinga emvelo). Le khasi imboni yamakhemikhali ngomunye umsebenzisi omkhulu, osebenzisayo i-hydrogen Ukukhiqiza i-ammonia (kumanyolo ngenqubo ye-haber-bosch) ne-methanol, amakhemikhali amabili asesekelwe. Lezi zinqubo zidinga inani elikhulu i-hydrogen.

Ngaphandle kwalokhu kusetshenziswa kwendabuko, i-hydrogen inaka ukunakwa okubalulekile njengomthwali wamandla ohlanzekile. Isetshenziswa kumaseli kaphethiloli ukukhiqiza ugesi ngamanzi njengekuphela kokuphela, izimoto ezinamandla nokuhlinzeka ngamandla okuma. Kusetshenziswe futhi ekukhiqizweni kwe-Iron Encishisiwe (DRI) yokwenziwa kwensimbi e-Green Le khasi Imakethe Yezimboni Yezimboni ingomane i-hydrogen iyashukumisa, nge-R & D eqhubekayo ibe esimeme ngokwengeziwe ukukhiqizwa kwegesi Izindlela (eziluhlaza i-hydrogen kusuka kokuvuselelwa). Ukuhlinzeka ngekhwalithi ephezulu I-hydrogen cylinder kubalulekile kulezi zinhlelo ezisunguliwe nezisafufusa. Ngempela, amagesi afana ne-hydrogen babumba ikusasa lamandla nemboni.

Umnakekeli we-arc: Kungani i-argon ibaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwekhwalithi ephezulu?

I-Argon (AR) Ingabe igesi enhle, okusho ukuthi i-Memicall indert. Thanda nitrogen na- umoya ohlanzekile, kukhishwe emkhathini nge-Cr CrCOGENIC AIR SEXTARAN. Yize kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-1% yomoya, i-infertness yayo yenza ingonona Kubaluleke kakhulu igesi yezimboni, ikakhulukazi kuzinhlelo zokusebenza lapho kusabela khona ngamagesi asemkhathini (njenge umoya ohlanzekile noma nitrogen) kungaba yingozi. Ukusetshenziswa okuyisisekelo kwe ingonona unjengophethiloli wokuvikela e-welding.

Kugesi tungsten arc welding (gtaw noma tig) kanye ne-metha yensimbi yensimbi ye-arc (gmaw noma i-mig), ingonona (noma ingonona-Imichilo Ukuhlanganiswa kwegesi) isetshenziselwa ukudala umoya wokuvikela azungeze bulala phambili ichibi. Lesi sihlangu sivimbela i-oxidation kanye nokungcoliswa kwensimbi ebilisiwe ngomoya ozungezile, okuholela ekuqineni, okuhlanzayo, kanye nama-welds ajabulisayo ajabulisayo. Lokhu kubucayi ikakhulukazi lapho izinsimbi ezisebenzayo ezisebenzayo njenge-aluminium, insimbi engagqwali, i-titanium ne-magnesium. Izinga le bulala phambili kuthinteka ngqo ubumsulwa nokugeleza kwe ingonona isihlangu. Ngokunemba bulala phambili sebenza, ingonona ukuhambela igesi yezimboni.

Ngaphandle kwe-welding, ingonona inokunye okubalulekile Izicelo zegesi zezimboni. Isetshenziswa embonini yokukhanyisa ukugcwalisa ama-bulbs akhanyayo we-incandescent kanye ne-fluorescent, ukuvimbela i-filament kusuka ku-oxidizing futhi yande impilo yayo. Ku-elekthronikhi umkhakha, ingonona Inikeza umkhathi we-inert yokukhulisa i-silicon ne-germanium amakristalu e-semiconductors. Iphinde isetshenziswe e-Steelmaking ekubumbeni kwe-argon-oxygen (AOD) abaguquli ukuze bahlaziye insimbi engagqwali. Isidingo sobumsulwa obukhulu Isilinda segesi ye-Argon Ezimbonini ezidinga ukunemba nezindawo ezizungezile ziqokomisa ukubaluleka kwalo okukhethekile. Njengomunye we amagesi amahle, ingononaI-insertness ingumuntu onamandla amakhulu.

Ukuhlola Okuqhubekayo: Yiziphi ezinye izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zamagesi wezimboni zidlala izindima ezibalulekile?

Lapho Nitrogen, Umoya ohlanzekile, I-Carbon Dioxide, I-hydrogen, futhi Ingonona zivame ukubhekwa Amagesi amakhulu ezimboni Ngenxa yevolumu yabo yokusebenzisa, eminye eminingana Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zamagesi wezimboni zibalulekile kwizicelo ezithile. Ukuqonda lokhu kungakunika isithombe esiphelele se Umkhakha wegesi.

Helium (He) kungenye igesi enhle, edume ngobuningi bayo obuphansi (okwenza amabhaluni ahamba) nendawo ephansi kakhulu ebilayo. Ukungena kwayo kanye nokusebenza okuhlukile okushisayo kwenza kube kubalulekile kwizicelo ezahlukahlukene zobuchwepheshe obuphakeme. Alulimoni kubalulekile ekupholiseni ama-magnets we-superconducting apholile ku-MRI Scanners nama-NMR ama-spectrometers, njengegesi yenethiwekhi kugesi i-chromatography, ukuthola ukujula okuvuzayo, nasekuhlolweni okujulile kolwandle (kuxutshwe ne umoya ohlanzekile). Le khasi -isimboni zomhlaba wonke funa alulimoni kwesinye isikhathi kungabhekana nezinkinga zokuhlinzekwa ngenxa yemithombo yayo ephelele (ngokuyinhloko kusuka igesi yemvelo imali).

Acetylene (c₂h₂) kuvutha kakhulu ugesi kaphethiloli Yaziwa kakhulu ngokusetshenziswa kwayo ku-oxy-acetylene welding kanye nokusika. Lapho ushiswa nge umoya ohlanzekile, acetylene kukhiqiza enye yamalangabi atholakalayo atholakalayo atholakalayo, okwenza kube yinto elungele ukusika kahle futhi bulala phambili insimbi. Futhi kuyibhulokhi yamakhemikhali yokukhiqiza amakhompiyutha ahlukahlukene we-organic. Noma kunjalo, ngenxa yokungazinzi kwayo, acetylene kuvame ukuncibilikiswa ku-solvent ngaphakathi kwesisindo esikhulu se-porous ngaphakathi kwayo ama-cylinders egesi.

-Nye nje Kusetshenzisiwe amagesi mbandakanya oko- thela (imvamisa ngokushisa nokusika), okuhlukahlukene amagesi esiqandisi (yize iningi labantu asebekhulile bavalelwa ngenxa yokukhathazeka kwemvelo), nobubanzi be Amagesi akhethekile futhi ngokunembile Ukuhlanganiswa kwegesi enzelwe izidingo ezithile zokuhlaziya, ezokwelashwa, noma zokukhiqiza. Lezi Amagesi afaka Amagesi ahlanzekile ahlanzekile kanye nemibukiso eyinkimbinkimbi yezakhi eziningi. Umhlaba we igesi yezimboni kukhulu futhi kuhlukahlukene, kudlale inqwaba ye Izicelo zegesi zezimboni.

Ukusuka Kumthombo Kuya Kusayithi: Kukanjani ukukhiqizwa kwegesi yezimboni kanye nokunikezwa okuvame ukuphathwa?

Ukuqonda kanjani lokhu amagesi ajwayelekile wezimboni akhiqizwa futhi ahlinzekwa angazuzisa, Maka. Le khasi ukukhiqizwa kwegesi Izindlela ziyahlukahluka ngokuya nge igesi yezimboni. Njengoba kushiwo, amagesi asemkhathini afana Nitrogen, Umoya ohlanzekile, futhi Ingonona zikhiqizwa ikakhulu nge-cryogenic air desation. Le nqubo ifaka umoya opholile kuze kube yilapho iba uketshezi, bese uhlukanisa izingxenye ngokuya ngamaphoyinti abo ahlukene okubila - empeleni, ukulungiswa kwenhlamba kwe -mawonazo umoya. Amayunithi amakhulu wokwehlukanisa umoya (asus) angakhiqiza izinkulungwane zamathani alawa magesi ngosuku.

I-hydrogen ivame ukukhiqizwa ngokushintshana ngomusi i-methane reformong (SMR), lapho igesi yemvelo (ngokuyinhloko umphathi wendaba) Izindabeni ezinamazinga aphezulu okushisa akhiqizayo i-hydrogen na- I-Carbon Dioxide. Ezinye izindlela zifaka i-electrolysis yamanzi (ikakhulukazi "eluhlaza" i-hydrogen Uma kusetshenziswa ugesi ovuselelekayo) futhi njengokuphumelela kwezinqubo ezithile zamakhemikhali ku- imboni yamakhemikhali noma i-petroleum ukucwilisa. I-Carbon Dioxide Imvamisa ithathwe njenge-byproduct kusuka ezitshalweni ze-SMR, ukukhiqizwa kwe-ammonia, noma izinqubo zokuvutshelwa. Acetylene kuvame ukukhiqizwa ukusabela kwe-calcium carbide ngamanzi.

Wake wakhiqiza, lezi amagesi wezimboni kudingeka ukulethwa ku- Amaklayenti Wezimboni. Izindlela zokuhambisa zincike kwivolumu edingekayo:

• Ama-Cylinders kaphethiloli: Ngemiqulu emincane, amagesi anikezwa njenge igesi ecindezelwe Ngokucindezela kakhulu ama-cylinders egesi noma Izitsha zegesi. Lokhu kujwayelekile ezitolo ezishisayo, ama-laboratories, kanye nezindawo ezincane zokukhiqiza. Lezi amasilinda woza ngosayizi abahlukahlukene.
• Ama-liquid gesi ama-dewars / amathangi: Kumavolumu amakhulu, amagesi afana I-liquid nitrogen, umoya-mpilo owuketshezi, noketshezi ingonona zihanjiswa futhi zigcinwe esizeni emathangini ama-crygenic noma ama-dewars. Igesi ihlehliswe njengoba kudingeka. Lokhu kungokomnotho okwengeziwe kwabasebenzisi abaqhubekayo, abanamandla aphezulu.
• Iphayiphu: Kwabathengi abakhulu kakhulu, njengamamitha ensimbi noma izakhiwo zamakhemikhali, Amagesi anjenge-oxygen noma i-hydrogen ingahlinzekwa ngokuqondile ngepayipi kusuka eduzane ukukhiqizwa kwegesi indawo.
• Isizukulwane esisesimweni: Abanye abasebenzisi bakhetha esizeni ukukhiqizwa kwegesi amasistimu (e.g., Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) for nitrogen noma umoya ohlanzekile) Ukuhlinzekwa okuqhubekayo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezikude noma ngezidingo ezithile zokuhlanzana.
  -Qeqesheka Ukunikezwa kwegesi izinto ezibalulekile zibalulekile imboni yegesi yezimboni.

Isigaba Somhlaba Wonke: Kubukeka kanjani amaphepha ezimboni ezimbonini?

Le khasi Imakethe yegesi yezimboni yomhlaba kuyinto ebalulekile futhi ekhula ngokuqinile umkhakha. Ngokusho kwabahlukahlukene Ukuhlaziywa Kwemboni Imibiko, usayizi wemakethe kuningi, kubaluleke kakhulu kumashumi ezigidigidi zama-USD ngonyaka, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi uqhubeke nokwanda. Lokhu kukhula kuqhutshwa ekuthuthukiseni izimboni emazweni asathuthuka, intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe edinga ubumsulwa obuphakeme nezinhlobo ezintsha ze amagesi wezimboni, futhi kufunwa okufunwa yizimboni ezisunguliwe njengokunakekelwa kwempilo, ukukhiqiza, kanye ne-elekthronikhi. Le khasi Imakethe Yezimboni Yezimboni kuqinile impela, abaningi Izicelo zegesi kubalulekile emisebenzini yezomnotho.

Isihluthulelo Izinkampani zegesi ezimboni lokho kubusa I-Global Indali Yezimboni Yemakethe Yezimboni Faka namagama kungenzeka ukuthi ujwayelene, njengeLinde PLC, i-Air Liquide, kanye nemikhiqizo yomoya namakhemikhali, amanethiwekhi ahlukahlukene wokuhambisa, futhi anikeze uhla oluphelele lwe Imikhiqizo kaphethiloli nezinsizakalo. Batshala imali kakhulu ku-R & D ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo ezintsha futhi bathuthukise ukukhiqizwa kwegesi Ukusebenza kahle. Kodwa-ke, igesi yezimboni yomhlaba I-Landscape ibuye ifake nabadlali abaningi bezifunda eziqinile nabakhiqizi abakhethekile, njengenkampani yami yenkampani i-Huazhong eChina, abanakekela imakethe ethile noma izifunda ezincintisanayo emigqeni ethile yomkhiqizo noma izifunda.

Izici zithonya i Imakethe Yezimboni Yezimboni faka izindleko zamandla (njengoba ukukhiqizwa kwegesi, ikakhulukazi ukwahlukana kwe-cryogenic, kunamandla amakhulu), ukutholakala okubonakalayo okubonakalayo (e.g., igesi yemvelo ingomane i-hydrogen Ukukhiqiza), imithethonqubo yezemvelo, kanye nempilo yezomnotho emhlabeni jikelele. Ukugxila okukhulayo ekusimeni futhi kushayela izinto ezintsha ezibheke ezindleleni zokukhiqiza eziluhlaza kanye nezicelo ze amagesi wezimboni, njengendima ye i-hydrogen emnothweni wekhabhoni ephansi. Le khasi imboni yamafutha negesi Ihlala ingumthengi omkhulu, kepha ukuhlukaniswa kube amandla amasha nemikhakha ephezulu yobuchwepheshe kuyindlela ecacile.

Usebenzisana nobumsulwa kanye nentengo: Yini okufanele abathengi abanjengawena abayicabangela lapho bethola lawa magesi ajwayelekile?

Maka, ngiyakuqonda izinto eziza kuqala kuwe: Unqume, uzwela ikhwalithi, kepha futhi ufune amanani entengo yokuncintisana, futhi ujwayele ukuthola amazwe asathuthuka afana neChina neVietnam. Lapho ethenga Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zamagesi wezimboni, ikakhulukazi lapho imodeli yebhizinisi lakho ifaka ukuxhuma kabusha ezinkampanini zamakhemikhali nezokwakha, ukukhetha kwakho umphakeli kubaluleke kakhulu. Nayi eminye imininingwane ebalulekile, ukugcina izinhlungu zakho zibonisa ukuxhumana okungasebenzi nokubambezeleka kokuthumela engqondweni:

• Ikhwalithi kanye nezitifiketi: Lokhu akunakuphikwa nganoma iyiphi igesi yezimboni. Phikelela ezitifiketi zokuhlaziywa (COA) nge-batch ngayinye. Qonda izinqubo zokulawula ezisezingeni lomhlinzeki. Ngenkathi izitifiketi zibalulekile, ziphaphamele ukuziqinisekisa, njengoba ubonise ukukhathazeka ngenkohliso ngezikhathi ezithile. Umlingani othembekile uzoba sobala lapha. Ngokwesibonelo, kwethu I-Carbon Dioxide Imikhiqizo iza namazinga okuhlanzeka aqinisekisiwe.
• Ukuthembeka kokuhlinzekwa: Ukubambezeleka kokuthumela kungakhombatha amashejuli wokukhiqiza kwezenkolo. Xoxa izikhathi zokuhola, amakhono we-Logistics, kanye nezinhlelo eziphuthumayo. Umphakeli onesipiliyoni esinamandla ekuthumeleni kwa-USA nokuphatha ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kubalulekile. Sigxila ezintweni ezisebenza kahle ukuqinisekisa eyethu igesi yezimboni ifinyelela kuwe ngesikhathi.
• Intengo yokuncintisana nangokusobala: Ngenkathi ufuna izindleko eziphansi amagesi wezimboni, qinisekisa ukuthi intengo ibonakala obala, ngaphandle kwemali efihliwe. Amafektri afana nemayini ahlala anikela ngamanani entengo ancintisanayo ngenxa yokusebenza kahle ukukhiqizwa kwegesi Futhi ezomnotho zesilinganiso, kepha lokhu akufanele kufike ngokulahlekelwa yikhwalithi noma insizakalo.
• Ukusekelwa kanye Nokusekelwa Kwezobuchwepheshe: Ukuxhumana okungasebenzi kungukukhungatheka okukhulu. Uzakwethu nabathengisi babo abamele abathengisi abanolwazi, abaphendulayo, futhi banekhono ngesiNgisi. Noma ungeyena uchwepheshe wezobuchwepheshe, kufanele bakwazi ukuchaza imininingwane yomkhiqizo futhi babhekane nezinto ezikhathazayo ngokucacile.
• Ukuvumelana nezimo kanye nemigomo yokukhokha: Funa abahlinzeki abanganikela ngezinketho eziguqukayo nezindlela ezicacile zokukhokha. Ukwakha ubuhlobo besikhathi eside kususelwa ekuthembekeni kuzuzisa womabili amaqembu.

Ukuthola umphakeli we amagesi wezimboni akufani nje igesi ejwayelekile uqobo; Kumayelana nokuthola umlingani oqonda izidingo zakho, uyakwazi ukufaka ibhizinisi lakho, futhi afake isandla empumelelweni yakho. Njengefekthri eChina okuhlose ukusebenzela amaklayenti e-USA, eNyakatho Melika naseYurophu, sizibophezele ekubeni ngumlingani onokwethenjelwa, ukuhlinzeka ngekhwalithi ephezulu igesi yezimboni imikhiqizo enensizakalo ethembekile.

Ukubekezela okusemqoka ukukhumbula:

• Amagesi wezimboni ahlukahlukene futhi okubalulekile: Ukusuka Nitrogen na- Umoya ohlanzekile kwa- I-hydrogen, I-Carbon Dioxide, futhi Ingonona, lezi Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zamagesi wezimboni ziyisisekelo kuya ezingenakubalwa izinqubo zezimboni kanye a uhla olubanzi lwezimboni.
• I-nitrogen yi-inert Workorse: Isetshenziselwa ukugeza, ukuhlanza, naku ukudla nesiphuzo imboni.
• I-OXYGEN FUELS COMBUTION NEMPILO: Kubucayi ukwenziwa kwensimbi, ukukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali, ezempilo, kanye bulala phambili Ukusebenza.
• I-Carbon Dioxide inikeza ukuguquguquka: Ukhiye ku Umkhakha Weziphuzo, ukulondolozwa kokudla, ukufudumeza, kanye nesiqandisi.
• I-Hydrogen Powers Industry & Energy yesikhathi esizayo: Kubalulekile ekuconyweni, ukuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali, nokuvezwa njengophethiloli ohlanzekile.
• Izihlangu ze-Argon zokunemba: Okusemqoka njengegesi evikelekile yokufudumala ephezulu kanye nezicelo ze-inert.
• Ukuhlinzekwa Kwezindaba: -Zwayo ukukhiqizwa kwegesi Izindlela kanye Ukunikezwa kwegesi izinto (kusuka ama-cylinders egesi ku-bulk ketshezi) kubalulekile ekuthengweni kwempahla.
• Amandla emakethe ayisihluthulelo: Le khasi Imakethe yegesi yezimboni yomhlaba Kukhulu futhi kukhula, nabadlali abasemqoka kanye nokuvela kwezindlela zokusimama.
• Ukukhetha umphakeli ofanele kubalulekile: Gxila kwikhwalithi, ukuthembeka, ukuxhumana, kanye namanani asobala lapho ugoqa igesi yezimboni, ikakhulukazi emhlabeni jikelele.

Ngiyethemba umbono onemininingwane ye Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zamagesi wezimboni Ukuhlinzeka ngokuqonda okubalulekile, uphawu. Umhlaba we igesi yezimboni kukhulu, kepha ukuqonda izinto zalo ezisemqoka kungasiza kakhulu isu lakho lokuthengwa kwempahla.