I-Argon (AR) igesi engavamile esetshenziswa kabanzi ku-metallurgy, izimboni zamakhemikhali, izimboni zamakhemikhali, nakwamanye amasimu. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-argon kuncike kakhulu ukwehlukanisa izingxenye ezahlukahlukene zegesi emoyeni, njengoba ukugcwala kwe-argon emkhathini kucishe kube ngu-0.93%. Lezi zindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokukhiqizwa kwe-argon yezimboni kuyinto yokuhlobisa i-crysogenic kanye nengcindezelo yokucindezela i-adsorption (PSA).

I-Cryogenic Distillation

I-CryOgenic Distillation iyindlela esetshenziswa kakhulu yokuhlukaniswa kwe-argon embonini. Le ndlela isebenzisa umehluko kumaphoyinti abilayo ezakhi ezahlukahlukene zegesi emoyeni, e-liquefies emoyeni emazingeni okushisa aphansi, futhi ahlukanise amagesi ngekholamu yokuhlobisa.

Inqubo yokugeleza:

Ukwelashwa kwangaphambi komoya: Okokuqala, umoya ucindezelwe futhi uqale upholile ukuze ususe umswakama kanye nekhabhoni dioksijini. Lesi sinyathelo sivame ukutholwa ngokusebenzisa i-dryer (CD) noma i-adsorber yesidumbu sodumo ukuze asuse umswakama nokungcola.

Ukucindezelwa komoya nokupholisa: Ngemuva kokumiswa, umoya ucindezelwe ama-megapascassas we-megapascass ambalwa, bese uphola ngedivaysi epholile (e.g. Le nqubo yehlisa izinga lokushisa komoya liye -170°C kuya -180°C.

I-air liquefaction: Umoya opholile udlula nge-valve yokunwebisa futhi ungena kwikholomu ye-distillation ye-cryogenic. Izakhi ezisemoyeni zihlukaniswe kancane kancane ngaphakathi kwikholamu ngokuya ngamaphoyinti abo abilayo. Nitrogen (n₂) nomoya-mpilo (o₂) zihlukaniswe emazingeni okushisa aphansi, kanti i-Argon (AR), ukuba nephuzu elibilayo phakathi kwe-nitrogen ne-oxygen (-195.8°C for nitrogen, -183°C nge-oksijini, kanye -185.7°C for Argon), iqoqwe ezingxenyeni ezithile zekholomu.

I-Distillal Flanational: Kwikholamu ye-distillation, umoya we-liquid uvele uphume futhi uguqule emazingeni okushisa ahlukene, futhi i-argen ihlukaniswe ngempumelelo. I-argon ehlukanisiwe yabe isiqoqwa futhi yahlanzwa futhi.

Ukuhlanzwa kwe-Argon:

I-Cr Cryogenic Distillation ngokuvamile iveza ubumsulwa obungenhla kwama-99%. Okwezinhlelo ezithile (isb.

Ingcindezi Swing Adsorption (PSA)

Ingcindezi Swing Adsorption (PSA) kungenye indlela yokukhiqiza i-argon, efanelekile ekukhiqizweni okuncane. Le ndlela ihlukanisa i-argon emoyeni ngokusebenzisa izici ezahlukahlukene ze-adsorption zamagesi ahlukahlukene ezintweni ezifana nama-molefanelar sievs.

Inqubo yokugeleza:

Umbhoshongo we-adsorption: Umoya udlula embhoshongweni we-adsorption ogcwele ama-molefanelar nama-oxygen adideka ngokuqinile ngama-molefanelar sieves, ngenkathi i-inert kanye namagesi afana ne-argon awekho ama-asporbed, avume ukuthi ahlukane ne-nitrogen nomoya-mpilo.

I-adsorption ne-demorption: Ngesikhathi somjikelezo owodwa, umbhoshongo we-adrortion tower kuqala ama-nitrogen nomoya-mpilo emoyeni ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu, kanti i-argon iphuma ngokuphuma kombhoshongo. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngokunciphisa ingcindezi, i-nitrogen ne-oksijini dessor kusuka kuma-molefanelar sieves, futhi umthamo we-adwerption we-adwerption abuyiselwa ngokuhlolwa kwengcindezi.

Umjikelezo we-Multi-tower: Imvamisa, imibhoshongo ye-adsorption eminingi isetshenziswa ngokuhlukile—eyodwa nge-adsorption ngenkathi enye isenkingeni yentulo—ukuvumela ukukhiqizwa okuqhubekayo.

Inzuzo yendlela ye-PSA ukuthi inokusetha okulula nezindleko eziphansi zokusebenza, kepha ubumsulwa be-argon elikhiqizwayo buphansi kunalokho kwe-distillation ye-crygenic. Ilungele izimo ezinesidingo esiphansi se-Argon.

Ukuhlanzwa kwe-Argon

Ukuthi usebenzisa i-distillation ye-cryogenic noma i-PSA, i-argon ekhiqizwayo imvamisa iqukethe amanani amancane omoya-mpilo, i-nitrogen, noma umphunga wamanzi. Ukuze uthuthukise ubumsulwa be-argon, ezinye izinyathelo zokuhlanza ngokuvamile ziyadingeka:

Ukuvuselelwa kokungcola: Ukupholisa okwengeziwe kwe-argon ukuze kuqubuke futhi uhlukanise ukungcola okuthile.

I-adsorption ye-molecular besihluma: Kusetshenziswa abathengisi abasebenza kahle kwama-molecular ama-molecular ama-molecular ukususa amanani we-nitrogen, umoya-mpilo, noma umphunga wamanzi. Ama-molelisalar sieves anosayizi othize we-pore angakwazi ama-adsorb akhetha ama-molecule athile egesi.

Ubuchwepheshe bokuhlukaniswa kweMembrane: Kwezinye izimo, ubuchwepheshe be-membrane yokuhlukaniswa kwegesi bungasetshenziswa ukuhlukanisa amagesi ngokususelwa ekuzijabuliseni okukhethiwe, okwenza ngcono ubumsulwa be-argon.

Izindlela zokuqapha ze-On-Site Argon Production

Izindlela Zokuphepha:

Ingozi ye-Cryogenic: I-argon ewuketshezi Kuyabanda kakhulu, futhi ukuxhumana ngqo nayo kufanele kugwenywe ukuvikela i-frostbite. Ama-opharetha kufanele agqoke izingubo ezikhethekile zokuvikela ama-cryogenic, amagilavu ​​kanye nama-goggles.

Ingozi ye-asphyxiation: I-Argon ingugesi we-inert futhi ingasusa umoya-mpilo. Ezikhaleni ezivalekile, ukuvuza kwe-argon kungaholela ekwehleni kwamazinga we-oxygen, okuholela e-asphyxiation. Ngakho-ke, izindawo lapho kukhiqizwa khona i-Aroston futhi kugcinwe khona isidingo sokungena umoya, nezinhlelo zokuqapha umoya-oxygen.

Ukulungiswa Kwemishini:

Ingcindezi nokulawulwa kokushisa: Imishini yokukhiqiza ye-Argon idinga ukulawula okuqinile kwengcindezi kanye nokushisa, ikakhulukazi kwikholomu yokuhlonza i-cryogenic kanye nemibhoshongo ye-adsorption. Imishini kufanele ihlolwe njalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke amapharamitha aphakathi kwamabanga ajwayelekile.

Ukuvimbela Okuvuzayo: Njengoba uhlelo lwe-Arron lusebenza ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu kanye namazinga okushisa aphansi, uphawu lobuqotho lubalulekile. Amapayipi kaphethiloli, amalunga nama-valve kufanele ahlolwe ngezikhathi ezithile ukuvikela ukuvuza kwegesi.

Ukulawulwa kokumsulwa kwegesi:

Ukuqapha okunembile: Ubumsulwa be-Argon buyadingeka kuyehluka ngokuya ngesicelo. Ukuhlaziywa kwegesi kufanele kusetshenziswe njalo ukubheka ubumsulwa be-argon futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umkhiqizo uhlangabezana namazinga wezimboni.

Ukuphathwa Ukungcola: Ikakhulu, e-Distillation yeCryOgenic, ukuhlukaniswa kwe-argon kungathintwa ukwakhiwa kwekholomu ye-distillation, izimo zokusebenza, kanye nokupholisa ukusebenza. Ukuhlanzwa okwengeziwe kungahle kudingeke ngokuya ngokusetshenziswa kokugcina kwe-Argon (E.G., I-Ultra-High Purity Argon yomkhakha wezogesi).

Ukuphathwa kwamandla okusebenza kwamandla:

Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla: I-CryOgenic Distillation inamandla amakhulu, ngakho-ke kufanele kwenziwe imizamo yokwandisa izinqubo zokupholisa nokucindezela ukuze unciphise ukulahleka kwamandla.

Ukuvuselelwa kokushisa kwemfucuza: Izikhungo zokukhiqiza zase-Argen zanamuhla zivame ukusebenzisa amasistimu wokubuyisela emuva kokushisa kokushisa ukuze abuyiselwe amandla amakhaza ngesikhathi senqubo ye-cryogenic distillation, ethuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla.

Ekukhiqizweni kwezimboni, i-argen ngokuyinhloko incike ekuhlolweni kwe-crysogenic kanye nezindlela zokucindezela ziswayipha. I-distillation ye-cryogenic isetshenziswa kabanzi Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Argon enkulu Ngenxa yekhono layo lokuhlinzeka nge-argon ehlanzekile ephakeme. Ukunakwa okukhethekile kuyadingeka ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha, ukugcinwa kwemishini, ukulawulwa kokumsulwa kwegesi, kanye nokuphathwa kwamandla okusebenza kwamandla.