Bahlikihla utshwala, utshwala be-isopropyl bufana ne-hydrogen peroxide
I-sopropanol, ethanol (evame ukubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlikihla utshwala), futhi IHydrogen Peroxide yizinto ezintathu ezihlukile zamakhemikhali. Yize zinokusetshenziswa okufanayo ekubuseni nasekuhlanzeni, izakhiwo zazo zamakhemikhali, izinhlelo zokusebenza, kanye nezindlela zokuphendula ziyahluka lapho kubhekwa khona ngokombono wokuphakanyiswa kwegesi yezimboni.
ISopropanol (i-isopropyl alcohol)
Ifomula yamakhemikhali: C₃h₈o
I-Gas Greation Mechasm: Ukunqunywa
ISopropanol, lapho ishisiwe, ikhiqiza i-carbon dioxide namanzi, ukukhulula ukushisa negesi. Ukuphendula kungokulandelayo:
I-2c3h8o + 9o2 → 6co2 + 8h2o2C3H8O+9O2 → 6Ukukhanywa2 + 8H2O
Lokhu kuphendula kukhiqiza i-carbon dioxide (Co₂), okungaba wusizo ezindaweni zokushisa eziphakeme, ezindaweni eziphakeme zezimboni. I-Sopropanol ingasebenza njengophethiloli noma umthombo wegesi kulezi zimo.
Ukuwohloka okushisayo: Emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, i-sopropanol ingahle ibhekane ne-pyrolysis, ithele ama-molecule amancane anjenge-propylene ne-methane.
Izicelo ze-isopropanol: Ezimweni zezimboni ezidinga amagesi (njenge-carbon dioxide) nokushisa, i-sopropanol ingasebenza njengophethiloli wamakhemikhali. Kodwa-ke, kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwegesi emsulwa futhi kusetshenziswe ngokuyinhloko i-carbon dioxide ekhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokuvutha.
I-Ethanol (ukuhlikihla utshwala)
Ifomula yamakhemikhali: C₂h₅oh
I-Gas Greation Mechasm: Ukuhlanganiswa, ukuguqulwa komoya, ukuvutshelwa
I-Ethanol ihlanganisa ukukhiqiza i-carbon dioxide namanzi. Ukuphendula kungokulandelayo:
C2h5Oh + 3o2 → 2CO2 + 3h2OC2H5H -H+3O2 → 2Ukukhanywa2 + 3H2O
Le khasi I-Carbon Dioxide Kukhiqizwe ngesikhathi sokuvuselelwa kwe-ethanol kufana nalokhu okukhiqizwa yi-isopropanol, kepha i-ethanol ngokuvamile ikhipha ukushisa okwengeziwe, okwenza kube ngukuphela kwamafutha ezikhathini ezinkulu.
Ukuguqulwa kweSteam: I-Ethanol isabela nge-vapor yamanzi emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ukukhiqiza i-hydrogen (H₂) ne-carbon monoxide (co). Lokhu kusabela kusetshenziswe kabanzi ekukhiqizeni i-hydrogen:
C2H5OH + H2O → Co + 3H2C2H5H -H+H2O→Ukukhanywa+3H2
Le ndlela ibaluleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni zegesi zezimboni ezidinga i-hydrogen njengento eluhlaza.
Umvuthi wokuvutshelwa: Ngaphansi kwemibandela ethile, i-ethanol ingakhiqizwa nge-Fermentation, futhi ekhipha amagesi anjenge-carbon dioxide ne-methane, ngokuya ngezinqubo ze-microbial metabolic.
Izicelo ze-ethanol: I-Ethanol isetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini zokukhiqiza i-hydrogen, ikhabhoni diokside, kanye namagesi wokuhlanganisa. Idlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni uphethiloli, ukuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali (njenge-hydrogen ne-methane), kanye nezinye izinqubo zezimboni.
IHydrogen Peroxide
Ifomula yamakhemikhali: H₂o₂
I-Gas Greation Mechasm: Ukuvuselela Ukuphendula
I-Hydrogen Peroxide i-oxidative kakhulu, futhi ngokuwohloka, ikhiqiza amanzi nomoya-mpilo. Ukuphendula kungokulandelayo:
2h2o2 → 2h2O + O22H2O2 → 2H2O+O2
Ukuwohloka kwe-hydrogen peroxide kukhipha igesi i-oksijini, okuyindlela eyinhloko yendima yayo esizukulwaneni segesi.
Ukuwohloka kwe-Catalytic: Ukusabela kokubola kungasheshiswa ngama-catalysts (njenge-manganese dioxide noma i-iron), kukhiqiza umoya-mpilo wokuhlanza okuphezulu. Le oxygen isetshenziswa ezinqubweni zezimboni ezidinga amavolumu amakhulu omoya-mpilo.
Izicelo ze-hydrogen peroxide: I-Hydrogen Peroxide idlala indima ebalulekile kuyo ukukhiqizwa komoya-mpilo, ikakhulukazi embonini yamakhemikhali (e.g., ukusabela kwe-oxidation, ukukhiqizwa komanyolo). I-oksijini ekhishwe ngokuwohloka kwayo ibalulekile ekuhlanganiseni kwamakhemikhali kanye nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni ezidinga i-oklygen ehlanzekile.
| Izinto | Indlela yokugembula kagesi | Kukhiqizwe amagesi | Uhlobo Lokuphendula |
| I-isopropyl alcohol | Ukunqunywa | Co₂, H₂O | Ukuphendula okuphezulu |
| Imviniko | C₂h₄, ch, h₂o | Ukuvuselela okuphezulu kokulwa nokushisa | |
| Itanoli | Ukunqunywa | Co₂, H₂O | Ukuphendula okuphezulu |
| Ukuguqulwa kweSteam | H₂, co | Ukusabela kwe-catalytic, ukuguquka kwesiteshini | |
| Isivukuvu | Qaphela | Ukusabela kwe-biochemical | |
| IHydrogen Peroxide | Ukubola | Okoneni | Ukusabela kwe-Catalytic |
Incazelo yethebula:
I-Isopropyl Alcohol: Ngokuyinhloko ikhiqiza i-carbon dioxide kanye ne-vapor yamanzi ngokuhlangana, futhi kungakhiqiza futhi amagesi amancane ama-hydrocarbon anjenge-ethylene ne-methane nge-pyrolysis.
I-Ethanol: ikhiqiza i-carbon dioxide kanye ne-vapor yamanzi ngokuhlangana, i-hydrogen kanye ne-carbon monoxide ngokusebenzisa ukuguqulwa kwe-steam, futhi nakho kungakhiqiza ikhabhoni diokmide ngokusebenzisa ukuvutshelwa.
IHydrogen Peroxide: Kubolekisa ukukhiqiza umoya-mpilo, okuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukulungiselela umoya-mpilo ezindaweni zokucwaninga noma ezimbonini.
