Umhlaba uguquka ngokushesha, futhi indlela esinamandla ngayo izimpilo zethu esishintsha ngayo ngayo. Njengomnikazi wefektri eChina ngemigqa yokukhiqiza eyisikhombisa enikezelwe emafutheni wezimboni, mina, u-Allen, ngibuke umkhakha uvela iminyaka. Sisuka kude namafutha endabuko futhi sibheke endaweni ehlanzekile. Ukuthi umkhathizwe uvaliwe ngu Amandla we-Hydrogen. Le ndatshana ibhalelwe abaholi bebhizinisi njengabantu uMark Shen-Desigic, abantu abafuna phambili abantu abafuna ukuqonda amantongomane kanye nama-bolts alolu shintsho.

Kungani kufanele ufunde lokhu? Ngoba ukuqonda Amandla we-Hydrogen akusona nje ukusindisa iplanethi; imayelana nebhizinisi elihlakaniphile. Sizohlola ubuchwepheshe obucayi obucayi ngemuva Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Hydrogen kanye Amathangi wokugcina Lokho kwenza sikwazi. Sizongena ezweni eliyinkimbinkimbi se Ukugcinwa Kwamandla kanye ubuchwepheshe bokugcina lokho kugcina kuphephile. Ukusuka Ubuchwepheshe besitoreji se-Hydrogen thanda I-hydrogen ecindezelwe ukuthuthuka Isitoreji se-Hydrogen ephezulu Izixazululo, sizosimboza konke. Sizobheka ithangi le-hydrogen ekukhanyeni okusha, ukuqonda Izinhlobo ze-hydrogen izinhlelo ezizofaka isandla ngekusasa uhlelo lwamandla. Le yi-RoadMap yakho ku Umnotho we-Hydrogen.

Kuyini amandla we-hydrogen futhi kungani kubalulekile ngekusasa?

Amandla we-Hydrogen kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi uphethiloli wekusasa, kepha empeleni a a I-Energy Carriers. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kugcina futhi kuhambisa amandla, kufana nebhethri, kunokuba akwenze kusuka ekuqaleni njengamafutha noma amalahle. Amandla we-Hydrogen ihlanzekile. Lapho uyisebenzisa ku iseli likaphethiloli, ukuphela kwamanzi ngamanzi amsulwa. Okwezwe elizama ukunciphisa ukungcoliswa, Amandla we-Hydrogen kuyisimangaliso.

Kepha kungani wonke umuntu ekhuluma ngayo Amandla we-Hydrogen Manje? Kungenxa yokuthi sidinga a CLEAR CARREEN CARRIERS lokho kungenza ukuphakamisa okusindayo. Amabhethri alungele izimoto, kepha ngamaloli amakhulu, imikhumbi, nezindiza, zisinda kakhulu. Amandla we-Hydrogen Ipakisha i-punch eningi kwiphakeji elikhanyayo. Iphakeme kakhulu izinqumo zamandla ngesisindo. Lokhu kwenza Amandla we-Hydrogen umlingani ophelele we amandla avuselelekayo Imithombo efana nomoya nelanga. Singasebenzisa amandla angeziwe elanga ukwenza i-hydrogen, sigcine, bese sisebenzisa lokho Amandla we-Hydrogen lapho ilanga lingakhanyi.

Amabhizinisi afana neyami neyakho, Amandla we-Hydrogen imele ukushintshwa okukhulu ekuthengeni. Sibona ukudlulela kuye amandla aqhubekayo -phi Amandla we-Hydrogen udlala indima enkulu. Amukela Amandla we-Hydrogen akuyona nje inkambiso; Isinyathelo esidingekayo se Ikusasa Lamandla Esimeme. Njengoba sibheka Ukuhlolwa kwe-hydrogen Njengomthombo womhlaba jikelele, kuyacaca ukuthi Amandla we-Hydrogen ulapha ukuhlala.

Ngabe ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen kusebenza kanjani ukulungisa umnotho oluhlaza?

Ngaphambi kokuthi sikwazi ukukugcina, kufanele sikwenze. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Hydrogen isinyathelo sokuqala ku-chain. Njengamanje, iningi le-hydrogen lenziwa kugesi wemvelo. Lokhu kushibhile, kepha kudala i-carbon dioxide. Kodwa-ke, imboni iyagijimela i-hydrogen eluhlaza. Lokhu Isizukulwane se-Hydrogen Kusetshenziswa amanzi nogesi emithonjeni evuselelekayo.

Efektri yami, siyaqonda ukuthi ikhwalithi yezindaba zegesi. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Hydrogen kumele kube msulwa, ikakhulukazi ukuze usebenzise ku Iseli likaphethiloli le-hydrogen. Ngisho nokungcola okuncane kungalimaza a iseli likaphethiloli. Yingakho Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Hydrogen Ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka ngokwengeziwe. Sisebenzisa ama-electrolyzers ukuhlukanisa amanzi abe oksijini kanye ne-hydrogen. Leli amandla ahlanzekile futhi aqhubekayo Indlela yinhliziyo yesikhathi esizayo Umnotho we-Hydrogen.

Kepha Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Hydrogen uwukulwa kuphela empini. Lapho wenza igesi, kufanele uyibeke endaweni ethile. Udinga a uhlelo lokugcina. Yilapho inselelo ilele khona. I-Hydrogen yinto elula kunazo zonke endaweni yonke. Ifuna ukuphunyula. Ukuxhuma kahle Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Hydrogen ngempumelelo izixazululo zesitoreji se-hydrogen ukhiye wokwenza konke uhlelo lwamandla sebenza. Ngaphandle kwesitoreji esihle, Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Hydrogen uyachithwa.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziphambili zobuchwepheshe besitoreji se-hydrogen ezitholakalayo namuhla?

Ngakho-ke, sikugcina kanjani lokhu kukhanya kwegesi endaweni eyodwa? Kukhona ezintathu eziyinhloko Ubuchwepheshe besitoreji se-Hydrogen: igesi, uketshezi, futhi luqinile. Sisinye Indlela yokugcina inezinhle nezinzuzo zayo. Okuvame kakhulu ubuchwepheshe bokugcina Is Isitoreji se-Gaseory Hydrogen. Lokhu kufaka ukuncipha igesi ku Amathangi wokugcina ezingcindezi eziphakeme kakhulu.

Indlela yesibili yile Isitoreji se-Sydrogen esiwuketshezi. Uma upholile i-hydrogen phansi kuya ku-253 ° C, iphenduka ibe uketshezi. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ugcine i-hydrogen eningi esikhaleni esifanayo. Kodwa-ke, ukuyigcina ukuthi ukubanda kuthatha amandla amaningi. Leli Ukugcinwa kwe-Liquid isetshenziselwa kakhulu amarokhethi esikhala noma ezokuthutha ezikhethekile.

Okwesithathu, futhi kusasa kakhulu, kuyinto Isitoreji Sombuso Esiqinile. Lokhu kusetshenziswa Izinto zokugcina ze-Hydrogen ukumunca igesi njengesiponji. Lokhu kuphephile kakhulu, kepha amathangi angaba nzima. Njengoba sihlola Ubuchwepheshe besitoreji se-Hydrogen, kufanele silinganise isisindo, izindleko, nokuphepha. Ukusetshenziswa kwezimboni, njengokuthi umaka uthenga, I-hydrogen ecindezelwe Kwi-Strong ithangi le-hydrogen kuyindinganiso. Kuvuthiwe kakhulu Ubuchwepheshe Bokulondolozwa Kwe-Hydrogen Sikhona manje.

Amathangi okugcina ama-hydrogen acindezela kanjani empeleni asebenza?

Ake sigaye sijule I-hydrogen ecindezelwe. Cabanga ukuzama ukulingana nesikhwama sokulala esikhwameni esincane. Kufanele ucindezele kanzima. Yilokho esikwenzayo Isitoreji se-hydrogen esicindezelwe. Sisebenzisa abacindezeli ukuphoqa igesi ku ithangi le-hydrogen. Lezi akuzona nje amathangi ajwayelekile; kunjalo Imikhumbi Yengcindezelo yakhelwe ukubekezelela amandla amakhulu.

Silinganisa le ngcindezi ku- "Bar." Ithayi elijwayelekile lemoto licishe libe ngu-2 bar. I-hydrogen ecindezelwe Amathangi avame ukusebenza ku-350 bar noma ibha 700! Lokho kungama-700 izikhathi zokucindezela komoya. Kulezingcindezi, igesi ye-hydrogen iba mnene ngokwanele ukuba wusizo. Leli Isitoreji se-Hydrogen ephezulu Ivumela a Imoto kagesi kagesi (FCEV) ukushayela amakhulu amamayela.

Le khasi uhlelo lokugcina lwe-hydrogen emotweni noma efektri kumele kube luqinile. Izinhlelo Zokugcina ze-Hydrogen Sebenzisa ama-valve athuthukile kanye nama-relulators ukulawula ukuhamba. Lapho uvula i-valve, the I-hydrogen ecindezelwe ugijimela ngaphandle, ukulungele ukusetshenziswa. Kungumqondo olula, kepha ubunjiniyela ngemuva kwalokhu Amathangi aphezulu okugcina ama-hydrogen Kuyamangalisa kakhulu. Sidinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi konke ithangi le-hydrogen iphephile futhi ithembekile.

Siyini isitoreji se-hydrogen futhi sisetshenziswa nini?

Isitoreji se-Sydrogen esiwuketshezi yi-hemplewweight ye-energy density. Ngokuguqula igesi ibe uketshezi, sikhulisa ubukhulu baso kakhulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi singalingana namandla amaningi sibe sincane Amathangi wokugcina. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuthola izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho isikhala sinqunyelwe kepha udinga amandla amaningi, njengase-aerospace noma ekuhanjisweni okusindayo.

Noma kunjalo, Isitoreji se-Sydrogen esiwuketshezi iyakhohlisa. Udinga "i-crygenic" ekhethekile ithangi le-hydrogen. Leli tank lisebenza njenge-super-thermos. Inezendlalelo zokufakelwa kokugcina ukushisa ngaphandle. Uma i-hydrogen ifudumeza kancane, ibilisela emuva kugesi bese iyanda. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "ukubiyela." Ukuphatha leli mbumbulu kuyinselelo enkulu ngaphakathi Amathangi okugcina ama-yfuldrogen.

Naphezu kwezinselelo, Isitoreji se-Sydrogen esiwuketshezi ibalulekile emhlabeni jikelele Ukuhlinzekwa kwe-Hydrogen. Imikhumbi iphethe amanani amakhulu we-hydrogen kuwo wonke ama-Oceans angasebenzisa Isitoreji Esiwuketshezi. Kuyindlela ephumelela kunazo zonke yokuhambisa amanani amakhulu ngaphezulu kwamabanga amade. Okwe Umnotho we-Hydrogen ukuhamba emhlabeni jikelele, sidinga ukukwazi kahle Ukugcinwa kwe-hydrogen ewuketshezi. Kugcwele Isitoreji segesi esicindezelwe ngokuphatha uhambo olude lokudonswa.

Ingabe izinto zombuso eziqinile zingaguqula ukugcinwa kwe-hydrogen?

Kuthiwani uma besingadingi ingcindezi ephezulu noma ukubanda ngokweqile? Leso yisithembiso se Isitoreji Sombuso Esiqinile. Ngale ndlela, sisebenzisa izinto ezikhethekile, njenge-metal hydrides, ukuze Gcina i-hydrogen. Le khasi ama-molecule e-hydrogen empeleni bopha ngama-athomu wensimbi. Kufana nensimbi ethi "Sooks up" i-hydrogen. Leli Isitoreji se-Metal Hydride kuphephile ngendlela emangalisayo ngoba i-hydrogen ikhiyiwe kude nesakhiwo esiqinile.

Ukuze uthole i-hydrogen ngaphandle, umane ushise izinto phezulu. Lokhu kukhipha igesi. Leli Indlela yokugcina ye-Hydrogen Inikeza ukuphakama Ubuningi be-Volumetric Energy Density, okusho ukuthi ungapakisha i-hydrogen eningi ungene esikhaleni esincane ngaphandle kwengcindezi ephezulu. Isitoreji se-Metal Hydride Hydrogen Ilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezimile, njengamandla okusekelayo wesakhiwo.

Kodwa-ke, izinto zokwakha zinzima. A ithangi le-hydrogen Igcwele i-pedal yensimbi inesisindo esiningi kunethangi elilula legesi. Lokhu kwenza Isitoreji Sombuso Esiqinile ngaphansi kwezimoto. Kepha abaphenyi basebenza okusha Izinto zokwakha zesitoreji se-hydrogen lokho kukhanya futhi kushesha ukugcwalisa. Le ndawo ye Ubuchwepheshe besitoreji se-Hydrogen Kuyajabulisa ngoba kuxazulula izinkathazo eziningi zokuphepha ezihambisana nengcindezi ephezulu.

Yiziphi izinto ezisetshenziselwa ukwakha amathangi wokugcina we-hydrogen ephezulu?

Uma uzogcina igesi kubha engu-700, awukwazi nje ukusebenzisa i-rusty yakudala. Isitoreji se-Hydrogen ephezulu kudinga izinto zokwesika. Kunezinhlobo ezine eziphambili ze ithangi le-hydrogen Imiklamo, ehlukaniswe njengohlobo I ngohlobo IV.

Uhlobo enziwe ngensimbi yonke. Kuyasinda kepha kushibhile. Yilokhu esivame ukusisebenzisa kuma-stationary indawo egcinwe yigesi emafektri. Uhlobo II lune-liner yensimbi esongelwe e-fiberglass. Kulula. Uhlobo lwe-III lune-aluminium liner esongelwe ku-carbon fiber. Manje singena ensimini ephezulu yezobuchwepheshe.

Okuthuthuke kakhulu uhlobo lwe-IV ithangi le-hydrogen. Leli thangi line-liner epulasitiki esongelwe ku-carbon fiber. Kuqine kakhulu futhi kukhanya kakhulu. Yilokhu ithangi le-hydrogen isetshenziswa kwesamanje Izimoto ze-Hydrogen Fuel Cell. I-carbon fiber inikeza amandla okubamba I-hydrogen ecindezelwe, ngenkathi ipulasitiki igcina igesi ngaphakathi. Lezi Ubuchwepheshe be-Tank ziyabiza, kepha zibalulekile ku Amandla we-Hydrogen Ukuguqulwa. Njengomenzi, ngibona isidingo sale nhlanganisela Imikhumbi Yengcindezelo ukukhula njalo ngonyaka.

Sikubhekise kanjani ukuphepha kokuphepha kanye ne-hydrogen emathangini?

Ezokuphepha ukukhathazeka okumbalwa kunoma ngubani ukuthenga amagesi wezimboni. UMark uyazi kahle lokhu. Enye yezingozi ezihlukile ze-hydrogen yinto ebizwa I-Hydrogen Embrittlement. Ama-athomu ama-hydrogen ancanyana angakwazi ukwehlisa izindonga zensimbi ze ithangi le-hydrogen. Lapho nje ngaphakathi, zingenza insimbi zingenagazi futhi zithambekele ekuqhekekeni. Okuqhekekile Isitoreji se-Hydrogen ephezulu Ithangi liyinhlekelele elinde ukwenzeka.

Ukuze ugweme I-Hydrogen Embrittlement, kufanele siqaphele kakhulu ngezinto zethu. Sisebenzisa ama-alloys ensimbi akhethekile Ukumelana nokufona kwe-hydrogen. Ngohlobo lwe-IV Tanks, i-liner yepulasitiki isebenza njengesithiyo, ukuvikela isakhiwo sangaphandle. Silawula futhi ngokuqinile ingcindezi kanye nokushisa ngesikhathi sokugcwalisa ukunciphisa ukucindezela ku- ithangi le-hydrogen.

Le khasi Ukuphepha kwesitoreji se-hydrogen Kubandakanya nokuhlolwa okuqinile. -Nke uhlelo lokugcina lwe-hydrogen Ufuna ukuhlolwa kokuqhuma, uyokuhlola, nokuhlolwa komlilo. Siphatha Amandla we-Hydrogen ngenhlonipho. Lapho iphathwe kahle nelungelo Ubuchwepheshe besitoreji se-Hydrogen, kuphephile njengophethiloli noma igesi yemvelo. Sidinga ukuqinisekisa Ukulondolozwa okuphephile kwe-hydrogen ukwakha ukwethembana emakethe.

Iyiphi indima i-Hydrogen Energy Storadord idlala ezinhlelweni zamandla avuselelayo?

Isitoreji Samandla se-Hydrogen ucezu olulahlekile lwephazili yamandla avuselelekayo. Ilanga alihlali likhanye, futhi umoya awuhlali uvunguza. Sidinga indlela yokugcina lowowandla ngokuzayo. Amabhethri alungile ngezikhathi ezimfushane, kepha Isitoreji Samandla se-Hydrogen kungcono isikhathi eside.

Singasebenzisa amandla omoya ngokweqile ukuze sisebenzise ama-electrolyzers, ukudala Amandla we-Hydrogen. Sigcina leli hydrogen emathangini amakhulu noma ngisho naku Isitoreji esingaphansi komhlaba se-hydrogen ama-cavers. Ngemuva kwalokho, amasonto noma ezinyangeni kamuva, lapho sidinga amandla, sisebenzisa i-hydrogen ngokusebenzisa a iseli likaphethiloli noma i-turbine ukwenza ugesi. Lokhu kuphenduka Amandla we-Hydrogen ebhethri elikhulu legridi kagesi.

Lolu hlelo lokusebenza lwenza Amandla we-Hydrogen umdlali osemqoka ku inguquko yamandla. Kusivumela ukuthi sisebenzise okuningi amandla avuselelekayo ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngama-blactouts. Ngezindawo zezimboni, ukuba ne Isitoreji Samandla se-Hydrogen Uhlelo lusho ukuthi unamandla okusekelayo ahlanzekile futhi athembekile. Kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla Kusuka kugridi futhi kwehlisa amakhambo ekhabhoni.

Liyini ikusasa lomnotho we-hydrogen kanye nengqalasizinda?

Ikusasa likhanya Amandla we-Hydrogen. Sibona i-global push ukwakha i Ingqalasizinda ye-Hydrogen. Lokhu kusho amapayipi amaningi, iziteshi zokukhulisa kabusha, futhi okungcono Isitoreji se-Hydrogen nokuhamba amanethiwekhi. Le khasi UMnyango Wezamandla nohulumeni emhlabeni wonke batshala imali ezigidini zokwenza Umnotho we-Hydrogen iqiniso.

Sizobona intuthuko kuyo Ubuchwepheshe besitoreji se-Hydrogen. Amathangi azokhanya futhi ashibhile. Izithwali ze-organiquid hydrogen (I-LOHCS) ingasivumela ukuthi sithuthe i-hydrogen njengoketshezi olufana nowoyela emazingeni okushisa ajwayelekile. I-Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Izimoto zizoba zivame kakhulu emigwaqweni yethu.

Kwabanikazi bebhizinisi, leli yithuba. Isidingo se Amandla we-Hydrogen imishini, kusuka Amathangi wokugcina kwa- Amagesi aphezulu amsulwa, uzokwenza i-skyrocket. Labo abatshala imali ngaphakathi Amandla we-Hydrogen Manje kuzohola imakethe. Siqhubekela emhlabathini lapho Amandla we-Hydrogen Amandla amafektri ethu, amaloli ethu, kanye namakhaya ethu. Kuyisikhathi esijabulisayo ukuba sebhizinisini legesi.

Ukuthathwa Key

• I-Hydrogen Energy ngumthwali wamandla: Igcina amandla akhiqizwa kweminye imithombo, enza njengebhethri elihlanzekile, eliphakeme kakhulu lomhlaba.
• Ubuchwepheshe obuthathu bokugcina: Sigcina i-hydrogen njenge igesi ecindezelwe, a uketshezi lwe-cryogenic, noma ngaphakathi Izinto zokwakha eziqinile.
• I-hydrogen ecindezelwe iyindinganiso: Ngezicelo eziningi zamanje, Isitoreji se-Hydrogen ephezulu Kuthangi le-carbon fiber (uhlobo lwe-III no-Iv) yisisombululo esisebenza kahle kunazo zonke.
• Ukuphepha kubaluleke kakhulu: Kufanele sisebenzise izinto zokwakha ezimelana nazo I-Hydrogen Embrittlement bese ulandela izimiso eziqinile ukuqinisekisa Ukuphepha kwe-hydrogen izinhlelo.
• Ivumela ukuvuselelwa: Isitoreji Samandla se-Hydrogen Ivumela ukuthi sigcine amanani amakhulu wamandla avuselelekayo isikhathi eside, alinganise igridi kagesi.
• Ukukhula kwengqalasizinda: Le khasi Umnotho we-Hydrogen kuyanda, ngokutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu ngaphakathi Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Hydrogen, Amathangi wokugcina, namanethiwekhi okuhamba emhlabeni jikelele.