Acetylene (C2H2) is an important industrial gas that is widely used in the fields of chemical industry, metallurgy, medical treatment, refrigeration and welding. Its production process is mainly synthesized from raw materials through chemical reactions. In industry, the production of acetylene usually relies on acetylene generators to produce high-purity acetylene gas through different chemical reactions. Jiangsu Huazhong introduces the production process of acetylene to help you better understand how acetylene plants produce this important chemical gas.

Raw materials for the production of acetylene
The production of acetylene requires raw materials such as limestone (CaCO3) and coke (C). Limestone is the basic raw material for obtaining calcium hydroxide and carbon dioxide, and coke is used to provide a carbon source. During the acetylene production process, these raw materials form acetylene gas through high temperature and chemical reactions.

Production process of acetylene
There are two main methods for the production of acetylene: the Carbide Method and the acetylene generator method. Among them, the Carbide Method is the most common production method.

Karl-Haim process
The Karl-Haim process is the most widely used acetylene production method in industry. This method uses limestone and coke as raw materials, and generates calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) through a high-temperature electric furnace reaction. The calcium hydroxide then reacts with water to generate calcium hydroxide slurry, which then reacts with calcium carbonate to generate acetylene.

The specific process is as follows:

The limestone is heated to a high temperature to generate calcium oxide (CaO) and carbon dioxide (CO2).
The calcium oxide is then reacted with water to form calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2).
Then, calcium hydroxide reacts with calcium carbonate to generate acetylene gas (C2H2) and calcium hydroxide.

Acetylene generator method
The acetylene generator method produces acetylene by reacting ore or carbon raw materials with calcium hydroxide. The advantage of this method is that the acetylene gas produced is relatively pure and can be widely used in chemical experiments and industrial production.

Acetylene purification process
After acetylene is produced, a series of purification steps are required to ensure the quality of acetylene. First, the acetylene gas is cooled and passed through a water washing device to remove impurities. Then, the acetylene gas is filtered to remove possible solid particles. Finally, the gas is further purified by an adsorbent to ensure that the purity of the acetylene meets the standard.

Storage and transportation of acetylene
Since acetylene is a flammable and explosive gas, special attention should be paid during storage and transportation. Acetylene is usually stored in the form of compressed gas in dedicated gas cylinders. During transportation, acetylene gas cylinders must meet strict safety standards to prevent leakage and explosion accidents.

Application of acetylene
Acetylene, as an important industrial raw material, is widely used in many fields. In the field of welding, acetylene can produce high-temperature flames when mixed with oxygen, which is widely used in metal cutting and welding. In the chemical industry, acetylene is an important raw material for the synthesis of a variety of chemical products, such as acetic acid, acrylonitrile, ethylene, etc. In addition, acetylene also has important application value in refrigeration, medicine and other fields.

Conclusion
Acetylene is an indispensable and important gas in modern industry. The production process of acetylene gas is complex and delicate, involving chemical reactions, gas purification, storage and transportation. With the advancement of science and technology and the continuous innovation of production technology, acetylene gas plant are also constantly optimizing the production process of acetylene to promote the development of various industries to the greatest extent.