chifukwa silane ndi owopsa?
1. Chifukwa chiyani silane ndi poizoni?
Zitha kukhala zowopsa pokoka mpweya, kumeza kapena kuyamwa pakhungu. Makamaka zoyaka, kupewa kutentha, zipsera ndi lotseguka malawi. Nkhungu yake yowuka imakwiyitsa maso, khungu, mucous nembanemba ndi chapamwamba kupuma thirakiti. Valani magolovesi oyenera ndi magalasi otetezera ndipo nthawi zonse mugwiritse ntchito hood ya fume ya mankhwala.
2. Kodi zotsatira za silane ndi zotani?
①Kuyang'ana m'maso: Silane imatha kukwiyitsa maso. Kuwonongeka kwa silane kumapanga silika wa amorphous. Kuyang'ana maso ndi amorphous silica particles kungayambitse mkwiyo.
1. Kukoka mpweya wambiri wa silane kungayambitse kupweteka kwa mutu, nseru, chizungulire komanso kulimbikitsa kupuma kwapamwamba.
② Silane imatha kukwiyitsa kupuma ndi mucous nembanemba. Kukoka mpweya wambiri wa silane kungayambitse chibayo ndi matenda a impso chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa crystalline silica.
③ Kuwonetsedwa ndi mpweya wochuluka kwambiri kungayambitsenso kuyaka chifukwa cha kuyaka kochitika.
Kumeza: Kumeza sikungakhale njira yowonekera ku silanes.
Kukhudza Pakhungu: Silane wakwiya pakhungu. Kuwonongeka kwa silane kumapanga silika wa amorphous. Khungu kukhudzana ndi amorphous silica particles kungayambitse mkwiyo.
3. Kodi silane amagwiritsidwa ntchito chiyani?
A) Coupling wothandizira:
Organofunctional alkoxysilanes amagwiritsidwa ntchito pophatikiza ma polima organic ndi zinthu zakuthupi, mawonekedwe amtunduwu ndikulimbitsa. Chitsanzo: ulusi wagalasi ndi zodzaza ndi mchere zosakanikirana ndi mapulasitiki ndi mphira. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi thermoset ndi thermoplastic system. Ma mineral fillers monga: silika, talc, wollastonite, dongo ndi zinthu zina zimakonzedweratu ndi silanes posakaniza kapena kuwonjezeredwa mwachindunji panthawi yophatikiza.
Pogwiritsa ntchito ma organofunctional silanes pa hydrophilic, non-organic reactive fillers, malo amchere amakhala otakasuka komanso a lipophilic. Kufunsira kwa magalasi a fiberglass kumaphatikizapo matupi amagalimoto, mabwato, malo osambira, ma board osindikizidwa, tinyanga ta satellite TV, mapaipi apulasitiki ndi zotengera, ndi zina.
Makina odzaza ndi mchere amaphatikizanso ma polypropylene olimbitsa, makina omangira opangidwa ndi kaboni wakuda, mawilo a silicon carbide, konkriti yodzaza ndi polima, utomoni wodzaza mchenga ndi mawaya a EPDM odzaza ndi dongo, omwe amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pamatayala agalimoto, miyezo ya nsapato, makina Dongo ndi mphira wodzaza ndi silika ndi zida zina.
B) Wothandizira kumamatira
Silane coupling agents ndi zolimbikitsa zomatira zikagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza zomatira ndi zoyambira za utoto, inki, zokutira, zomatira ndi zosindikizira. Akagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chowonjezera, ma silanes ayenera kusamukira ku mawonekedwe pakati pa chomangira ndi zinthu zomwe zimathandizidwa kuti zikhale zothandiza. Akagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati choyambira, ma silane coupling agents amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zinthu zopanda organic mankhwala asanamangidwe.
Pachifukwa ichi: silane ili bwino kuti ikhale ngati chowonjezera chowonjezera (m'dera la mawonekedwe) Pogwiritsa ntchito moyenera ma silane ogwirizanitsa othandizira, ngakhale pansi pa zovuta zachilengedwe, inki zomatira, zokutira, zomatira Kapena sealant ikhoza kusunga chomangira.
C) madzi a sulfure, dispersant
Ma Siloxanes okhala ndi magulu a hydrophobic organic omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi maatomu a silicon amatha kupereka mawonekedwe a hydrophobic ngati malo a sub-hydrophilic inorganic, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati othandizira okhazikika a hydrophobic pomanga, mlatho ndi kuyika. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu hydrophobic inorganic powders, kuwapangitsa kukhala omasuka komanso osavuta kumwazikana mu ma polima organic ndi zakumwa.
D) Wothandizira kulumikizana
Organofunctional alkoxysilanes amatha kuchitapo kanthu ndi ma polima a organic kuti aphatikize magulu a tri-alkoxyalkyl mumsana wa polima. Silane amatha kuchitapo kanthu ndi chinyezi kuti adutse silane kuti apange mawonekedwe okhazikika azithunzi zitatu za siloxane. Makinawa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuphatikizira mapulasitiki, polyethylene, ndi utomoni wina wachilengedwe, monga ma acrylics ndi polyurethanes, kupereka utoto wokhazikika, wosamva madzi, zokutira, ndi zomatira.
PSI-520 silane coupling agent imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza organic dispersion ya MH/AH, kaolin, talcum powder ndi zodzaza zina, komanso ndiyoyenera MH/AH organic treatment ya zida zopanda chingwe za halogen. Pochiza zida zopangira ufa, hydrophobicity yake imafika 98%, ndipo mawonekedwe amadzi okhudzana ndi madzi pamwamba pa organic ufa ndi ≥110º. Imatha kumwaza mogawana ufa wopangidwa ndi organic mu ma polima achilengedwe monga utomoni, pulasitiki ndi mphira. Mawonekedwe: Kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito a fillers Dispersion; onjezerani kuchepetsa mtengo wa oxygen index (LOI); kuonjezera hydrophobicity ya filler, komanso kusintha mphamvu zamagetsi (dielectric mosalekeza tani, chochuluka magetsi ρD), pambuyo kukumana madzi; onjezerani kuchuluka kwa zodzaza, ndipo nthawi yomweyo khalani ndi mphamvu Yabwino kwambiri yokhazikika komanso elongation panthawi yopuma; onjezerani kukana kutentha ndi kutentha kwakukulu; kusintha mankhwala dzimbiri kukana; kukana kwakukulu; kusintha ndondomeko bata ndi zokolola za extrusion kusanganikirana.
4. Kodi chitetezo cha gasi wa silane ndi chiyani?
Musalole kuti kutentha kwa dongosolo kugwere pansi -170 ° F (-112 ° C) kapena mpweya ukhoza kukokedwa kuti upange chisakanizo chophulika.
Musalole kuti silane ikumane ndi heavy metal halides kapena halogens, silane imachita nawo mwamphamvu. Dongosololi liyenera kutsukidwa mosamala kuti mupewe zotsalira zamafuta, ma halojeni kapena ma hydrocarbon ena a chlorine omwe ali mmenemo.
Limbikitsani kwathunthu dongosolo loyesa kutayikira ndi kuwirikiza kawiri kapena katatu kukakamiza kugwira ntchito, makamaka helium. Kuphatikiza apo, njira yodziwira zomwe zatuluka nthawi zonse iyenera kukhazikitsidwa ndikukhazikitsidwa.
Dongosolo likawunikiridwa kuti likutuluka kapena kutsegulidwa pazifukwa zina, mpweya wamtunduwu uyenera kutsukidwa ndikutsuka kapena kuyeretsa gasi. Musanatsegule dongosolo lililonse lomwe lili ndi silane dongosolo liyenera kutsukidwa kwathunthu ndi mpweya wa inert. Ngati gawo lililonse la dongosololi lili ndi malo akufa kapena malo omwe silane ingakhalepo, iyenera kutsukidwa ndikuzunguliridwa.
Silane iyenera kuthamangitsidwa kumalo operekedwa kuti iwonongeke, makamaka kuwotchedwa. Ngakhale kutsika kwa silane kumakhala koopsa ndipo sikuyenera kuwululidwa ndi mpweya. Silanes amathanso kutulutsa mpweya pambuyo pothiridwa ndi mpweya wa inert kuti asapse.
Mipweya yopanikizidwa iyenera kusungidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi zofunikira za American Compressed Gas Association. Kumaloko pangakhale malamulo apadera a zida zosungira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zofunikira za gasi.
5. Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa silikoni ndi silane?
Zipangizo zokhala ndi silicon nthawi zambiri zimathandizira kugwiritsa ntchito movutikira kuposa zida zopangira organic, kuyambira zomwe zimagwira ntchito pakutentha kwambiri mpaka kugwira ntchito kwanthawi yayitali m'malo ovuta kwambiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zowonjezera kuti apereke zochitika zapamtunda, kukana madzi, komanso chidziwitso chabwino kwambiri, kupangitsa ukadaulo wa silikoni kukhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakupangitsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimalemeretsa moyo wathu watsiku ndi tsiku.
