Ua hanaʻo Huazhong Gas i kā mākou iho i luna o ka hanaʻana i ka hana a me kaʻepekema o kaʻoihana a me ʻO nā wahi kūikawā hua. I loko o ke ao kiʻekiʻe o kēia lā,ʻo ia nō hoʻi i loko o ka semiconduc pā ʻoihana,ʻo ka noi no ʻO ka maʻemaʻe maikaʻi loa ʻAʻole ke makemake wale nei nā mea pāʻani he mea pono ia. ʻO nāʻatikala kēiaʻatikala i loko o ka honua koʻikoʻi o ʻO ka loiloi kūpono no ka ʻO nā pahu uila uila. ^. Eʻimi mākou i ke kumu o ka mea nui loa poino hiki i nā hopena colossal, pehea mākou eʻike ai i kēia mau mea pono trace incurities, a he aha keʻano no nāʻoihana. Ka maopopo ʻO nā kīwī a me nāʻano no kā lākou Hoʻoheli a me kaʻike, e like me Icp-ms, ke kī e hōʻoia ai i ka hilinaʻi a me ka hanaʻana o ka hana nā leka uila. ^. Pono kēia'āpana i kou manawa no ka mea e hāʻawi ana i kahi hiʻohiʻona o ka mea hana ma luna o ka mālamaʻana i ke kaula hoʻomaʻemaʻe o nā mīkini uila uila, he corsestone o ka semiconduc pā a nā leka uila nā'āpana.

He aha nā mea likeʻole i nā mea uila uila a no ke aha lākou e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ai i nā mea koʻikoʻi i ka mea koʻikoʻi ma Semicohyuctor e hana ai?

ʻO nā pahu uila uila, pinepine i kapaʻia e like me Nā hale uila Oole saniconnuctor gases, kahiʻano kūʻokoʻa o ʻO nā mīkini kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a nā'āpanaʻona Hoʻohālike kūikawā no nā kaʻina hana i hoʻopiliʻia i nā hana uila uila. E noʻonoʻo iā lākou e like me nā meaʻikeʻole o ka hoʻolahaʻana o ke kula kamepiula. HE MEA Hoʻohanaʻia nā pahu i ka semiconductor Hoʻokomoʻia nā mea pāʻani i kahi papaʻaina, e like me Silane (sih₄) no ka waihoʻana i nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe Siliching Aron (Ar) e like me kahi pale pale, a me nāʻano likeʻole ʻO nā kiʻina doping E like me phosphine (ph₃) a iʻole Arsina (Ash₃) e hoʻololi i nā waiwai uila o semiconduc pā mea waiwai. Ka hua'ōlelo "ʻO ka manaʻo loea"E hōʻike anaʻo ia i kā lākou noi noi a me nā mea kūpono loa i loaʻa i ko lākou huiʻana.ʻAʻole kēia o kāu mau lā Nā kikowaenaʻoihana; ʻO kā lākou mau kiko'ī he nui loa.

Ka mea nui o ko lākou ʻo Menu ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻonuiʻia,ʻoi loa hana semiconductor. ^. Nā Kūlana Hoʻohui-Game I kēiaʻano microscopic scale,ʻoiai he meaʻole i makemakeʻoleʻia poino-ʻO ka hana e like me ka boulder ma kahi kahawai liʻiliʻi, e hōʻole ana i ka kahe uila i manaʻoʻia a iʻole keʻano o ka hana hewa. Hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i kahi chip faulty, a i loko o kahiʻoihana kahi e hanaʻia ai nā miliona o nā pōpoki i kahi manawaleʻa hoʻokahi a me nā mea hoʻonaninani paio hiki ke lilo. No laila, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe o nā mīkini uila uila he poae e ulu ana ma luna o ka mea a pau nā mea uila a me semiconductor kū i kaʻoihana. Oliana poino hiki ke hoʻokō i ka hana hana, hāʻawi, a me ka hilinaʻi, e hoʻoikaika nei ʻO ka maʻemaʻe pono pono.

Ma ka hua hua, ua maopopo mākou i kā mākou mea kūʻai aku i ka hanaʻoihana semiconducor hilinaʻi iā mākou e hāʻawi i nā gases e hālāwai ai a iʻole ma mua o "ʻelima mau nines" (99.999%) (99.9999%). ʻO kēia keʻano o kēlā poino Pono e hōʻikeʻia ma kaʻikeʻana ma lalo o nā'āpana ma mua o nā'āpana he miliona (PPM) a iʻole nā'āpana i kēlā me kēia biliona (PPB). Hoʻokō a hōʻoia i kēlā LOANA MINIE Pono nā pae i ka nani Hoʻoheli nāʻenehana a me keʻano nui, e ulu ana ʻO ka loiloi kūpono nā ala. Ka heleʻana o kahi mea i manaʻoʻoleʻia poino hiki nō ke hōʻike i nā pilikia me ka Nā Cylinders Gas a iʻole ka kaulahao e hāʻawi ai, e hana ana i nā mana loiloi maʻamau. Mālama mākou i kā mākou ʻO ka cylinder cylinder ʻO nā'ālana, no ka laʻana, e hālāwai me kēia mau kūlana kūpono, e like me ka nitrogen he wahi hana hana ma nā wahi hana semicordur.

Pehea e hiki ai iā Microscoopic Trace Trail Derail Semicoporcuctor hana i nā laina hana?

I kekahi manawa paʻakikī e noʻonoʻo i kahi mea liʻiliʻi loa, a Kākau i ka makaʻu anaʻia i nā'āpana i kēlā me kēia biliona (PPB) a iʻole nā'āpana i kēlā me kēia trillion (PPT), hiki i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi. Akā i ka honua o semiconduc pā hana, kēia microscopic nā meaʻino he nui nā mea kūʻai nui. Mākaʻiʻo mākou i kahi kaʻina hana semai promichonduction: Ua pili i nāʻoihana he nui, i lalo o nā kiʻi paʻi), a me ka hoʻopiliʻana o nā helu liʻiliʻi). Hōʻike i kēlā me kēia papa hana i kahiʻano maʻamau i hanaʻia ma kahi o keʻano maʻamau, hana pinepineʻia a mālamaʻia paha e ʻO nā pahu uila uila. ^. Ina a Hoʻohanaʻia Ma kekahi o kēia mau ala e lawe ai i kahi makemakeʻole poino, i kela poino hiki ke hoʻohuiʻia i loko o nā'āpana o ka semiconduc pā mea hana.

ʻo kahi laʻana, Nā Palapala Metallic E like me ka sodium, hao, a iʻole keleawe, a me nā mea haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, hiki ke hoʻololi i nā waiwai uila o ka silicon. E hana paha lākou i nā ala i makemakeʻoleʻia, e alakaʻi ana i ka pōkole pōkole, a hanaʻole paha e like me "nā pahele" He mamo nei poino hiki nō hoʻi iāʻoe ke hoʻopau i nā hopena kaulike i manaʻoʻia i kahi hana hana. No ka laʻana, a nanea Ma keʻano o keʻano hoʻohālikelike i lalo o lalo-etching a iʻole ma luna a iʻole-etching, e hoʻopau ana i nā hiʻohiʻona kūpono ma ka wafer. ʻAʻole wale ka hopena o ka hopena i nā pahu pākahi; he uku poino Hiki i ke hoʻopuka ke alakaʻi i nā'āpana āpau o nā wana, e like me nā miliona, e like me nā mana i he haʻawinaʻo ka hōʻailona o ka hōʻailona. Hōʻike kēia i ka mea koʻikoʻi no ka robust trace incluries e ana.

ʻO ka hoʻokūkūʻo ia ka pae "kūpono" no kēlā me kēia poino Mālamaʻia e like me semiconduc pā E lilo i mea liʻiliʻi nā hiʻohiʻona. He aha i manaʻoʻia he mea iʻaeʻia poino pae i kahi makahiki i hala aku nei he catastrophic paio I kēia lā. ʻO kēia ka hoʻokele wikiwiki no ka miniaturnization e kau i nā mea hoʻoikaika nui i nā mea hana a me nā mea hoʻokele waiwai e hoʻomaikaʻi Kuhi Kuhi hiki ke hiki. Oia aku kiko'ī ʻO nā meaʻino, liʻiliʻi Dint Drucks iʻikeʻoleʻia i ka maka o ke kapa, hiki ke kāohi i ka māmā ma nā kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi ma keʻano o kaʻaoʻao. No laila, e kāohi i nā mea āpau poino - inā maikaʻi, metallic, a iʻole kiko'ī - he mea nui. 'Ōlelo ka nui o nā palaualelo hiki i kēlā mea ke kumu i nā pilikia, ke hoʻohālikelike nei i ka pono no ka hoʻopiliʻana ka hoʻokeleʻana.

He aha nā mea pilikia maʻamau? Ka hoʻomaopopoʻana i nā mea kīnā i nā gases no nā uila.

Ke kamaʻilio nei mākou nā meaʻino i nā gases i manaʻo no ka nā mea uila a me semiconductor ʻO Sector, ke nānā nei mākou i kahi pākeke o nā kiʻi, kēlā me kēia me ka hiki ke hōʻeha i ka hōʻeha nui. HE MEA eʻikeʻia hiki ke hoʻokaʻawaleʻia i loko o ka gaseous, metallic, a me nāʻano kiko'ī. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopoʻana i kēia mau pilikia pilikia maʻamau ka hana mua ʻO ka loiloi kūpono a me ka kāohi. Nā kiko'ī i hōʻikeʻia hiki ke loli i ke kinohi o ke kinoea iho, konaʻano hana, ka mālama, a me ka lawelaweʻana.

Ke kaniʻole palau he mau kaʻa'ē aʻe i hōʻikeʻia ma ka mea nui ʻO nā wahi kūikawā. ^. No ke aniani, i LOANA MINIE nitrogen, pili maʻamau palau E hoʻohui i ka oxygen (O₂), ka nui (H₂o (H₂o), Carbon Diomide (CO₂ORCHANS (CHDROCHABISS (CHDROCOROBIS He pilikia maoli ka pilikia o ka oxygen a me ka mistture e like me kā lākou e hana hou ai a hiki ke alakaʻi i ka onidant i makemakeʻoleʻia semiconduc pā nā lako a iʻole nā ​​hana hana. I loko o kahi inirt goods Uā Aron, Hiki i kēia ke hele i nā pae trac. Me he hui,ʻike pinepine mākou i nā noi no ka nānāʻana o a laulā ākea o nā haumia, me kēia mauʻano hana hou. No ka laʻana, kā mākou mau hiki i nā mea e hoʻohālikelike ai i ka paʻakikī ʻO Gasmixture nā huahana, kahi e kāohi ana i kēlā me kēia māhele, e komo pū me keʻano hiki palau, he paramika.

Nā Palapala Metallic kekahi mea nui loa. ʻO kēia mau atom o nā metala e like me sodium (na), potassium (k), keleawe (cu) Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomaka mai nā mea hana i nā mea hana, nā mea hana hana (e like me nā papellines a me nā mea hou), a iʻole Nā Cylinders Gas lākou iho ināʻaʻole i mālama ponoʻia. E like me ka mea i'ōleloʻia, kēia Nā Palapala Uila hiki i ka hopena nui ke hoʻokō i ka hana uila o semiconduc pā Nā polokalamu. Ke nānā nei i kēia ma PPB a iʻole nā ​​pae PPB e koi i nāʻenehana koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi e like me ka mea e like me ka mea nui plasma ma muaIcp-ms). Pono mākou e noʻonoʻo kiko'ī mea. ʻO kēia mau'āpana liʻiliʻi a iʻole nā ​​wahi wai i hoʻokuʻuʻia i loko o ka Ke kahe wai. ^. Hiki iā lākou ke hōʻeha i nā hewa kino ma nā wafers, block nozzles i nā lako, a iʻole e hōʻike i kekahi nā meaʻino. ^. ʻO ka kānana ke kī e wehe i nā kiko'ī, akā e nānā ana i ko lākou pae he wahi o ka pihaʻana maikaʻi kino papahana. Kekahi ʻO nā pahu uila uila au no Nā Kūlana Kūlana Oole Nā kikowaenaʻona, ka mea e hoʻohui i kahi papa'ē aʻe o ka paʻakikī o ko lākou hanaʻana a me ka nānāʻana, e hōʻoia ana i ka poino ʻaʻole e hoʻokaʻawale i kēiaʻaoʻao i kēia mau pilikia.

ICP-Ms:ʻO ke kūlana gula no ka nānāʻana i nā mea maʻi metallic i nā simpies semiconductor?

I ka hiki ana mai ʻO ka nānāʻana i nā palapala metallic i ʻO nā lole maʻemaʻe maikaʻi loa, I hoʻohuihuiʻiaʻo plasma ma mua Icp-ms, i manaʻo nuiʻiaʻo ia heʻenehana alakaʻi. He hana ikaika ikaika e hiki ai keʻike a me ka heluʻana i kahi ākea ākea o APANA OLELO, pinepine i lalo i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa - e noʻonoʻo i nā'āpana-per-trillion (ppt) a iʻole nā'āpana-quadrillion (ppq) no kekahi mau mea. He kūpono kēiaʻano Icp-ms ua lilo i mea nui no ka semiconduc pā ʻoihana, ma heaʻoe, e like me ka mea i kamaʻilioʻia ai, he mau minuke minuke o Nā Palapala Metallic hiki ke hōʻoleʻia i maikaʻi huahana.

Pehea? Icp-ms hana i kāna kilokilo? Ma nā hua'ōlelo maʻalahi, ka sample hau (a iʻole he hopena i loaʻa mai i ke kinoea) i hoʻokomoʻia i loko o kahi plasma wela loa, maʻamau maʻamau Aron. ^. ʻO kēia Plasma, e kali ana i nā mahana o 6,000 a 10,000 ° C, e ikaika ai i ka wā o nā wahi nohoʻana, me ke komoʻana i nā atom Nā Palapala Metallic. ^. Ua laweʻia kēia mau mea i ka plasma a alakaʻiʻia i loko o kahi syssroterter nui. ʻO ka mea hoʻokūkū nui e like me kahi kānana koʻikoʻi loa, e hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea e pili ana i ko lākou heluʻana ma luna o ko lākou uku. A mākaʻi A laila e helu i nāʻae no kēlā me kēia helu kiko'ī, eʻae iā mākou e hoʻomaopopo i nā mea e loaʻa ana i nā mea a pau. Ka hiki o Icp-ms e scan no kahi ākea ākea o nā mea hoʻonaninani metallic i nā gases kūikawā ʻO ka manawa like ke hana maikaʻi loa.

Oiai Icp-ms ʻoi aku ka ikaika,ʻaʻole ia me kaʻole o kona mau pilikia,ʻoiai ke hana pūʻana Hoʻohanaʻia nā pahu i ka semiconductor nā mea hoʻonani. ʻO kahi ala maʻamau e pahele i ka palau mai kahi nui o ka hau o ke kinoea ma kahi kolamu a iʻole i loko o kahi wai wai, i hōʻikeʻia e Icp-ms. ^. Eia nō naʻe, kuhikuhi ʻO ka injection pololei i loko o ka Icp-ms ʻO ka'ōnaehana ke lilo nei i mea maʻamau no kekahi mau noi,ʻoiai ke koi pono i nā interfaces kūikawā. ʻO ke koho o keʻano e pili ana i ka kiko'ī ʻO nā kīwī o ka hoihoi, ka hauoli, a me ka pono Kuhi Kuhi. ^. Ma ka hua i ka hua, e hoʻolauna nui mākou i nā mea hana pilikino-o-ka Icp-ms hiki, no ka meaʻike mākou e hāʻawi i ka hilinaʻi ʻO ka loiloi kūpono ʻO kaʻikepili he kumu kālā e hilinaʻi i kā mākou mea kūʻai aku i kā mākou Hoʻolaha Kūleʻa Mīkini kiʻekiʻe nā lāʻau. Ka laha o Icp-ms kōkua e hōʻoia i ka ka maʻemaʻe o nā mīkini e hui i nā koi koi no ka Kuhi helu mea waiwai.

No ke aha keʻano o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻoleʻana i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻana i kahi mea kūʻaiʻole no nā mea uila a me nāʻoihana semiconductor?

Ka pono no ka makemake ole ʻO ka maʻemaʻe i ka nā uila a me nāʻoihana semiconducor ʻAʻole makemake waleʻoe; ʻO kahi koi waiwai nui e alakaʻiʻia e nā physics a me nā hoʻokele waiwai o nā hana hana hou. E like me semiconduc pā nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona i nā mea i hoʻopiliʻia i ka nanometer scale, ko lākouʻano i kekahiʻano paio skyrokes. He mamo nei poino hikiʻole i kēlā mau mea maikaʻi i loko o nā mea kahiko, hiki i nā meaʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea hana ma mua o nā hemahema catastrophic i nā cuck cuck. ʻO kēia mau hopena hopena kūpono - ka pakeneka o nā pōpoki maikaʻi i kēlā me kēia warer semiconduc pā mea hana.

E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hana hoʻokūkū paʻakikī o kahi kālena MicroPosacessor a iʻole ka hoʻomanaʻo hoʻomanaʻo. He mau piliona o nā mea kūʻai aku,ʻo kēlā me kēia ma mua o kaʻenehanaʻenehana miniatire. Aia ka hana o kēia mau transistors i kēia mau mea koho koho o ka semiconduc pā nā mea i hoʻohanaʻia,ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka huli, maʻalahi loa palau. ^. No ke ao ana, e kekahi Nā Palapala Metallic hiki ke hoʻolauna i nā pae ikaika i makemakeʻia i loko o ka silicon band gap, ke alakaʻiʻana e hoʻonui i ka leakage a iʻole ka hoʻemiʻana i ka leakage carrility. ʻO kēia ka mea e lohi,ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, a iʻole nā ​​hana hanaʻoleʻole. Ke kaniʻole palau E like me ka oxygen a iʻole ke alakaʻi i ke kūkuluʻana i ka hana o nā'āpana o nā mea i hoʻopaʻaʻia, e hoʻololi ana i nā mānoanoa a me nā mea i hoʻoponoponoʻia no ka hana hana. Ka huina maikaʻi kino unuhi pololei i maikaʻi huahana a me ka hilinaʻi.

Oi pinepine, ka nā uila a me nāʻoihana semiconducor hōʻikeʻia e nā kaʻina hana paʻakikī a me ka nui o nā hana hana. Kahi semiconduc pā ʻO nā mea kanu lāʻau ("Fab") hiki i nā kumukūʻai kālā o nā kālā e kūkulu ai a me nā lako. 'Ōlelo Ua hoʻohanaʻia nā mea kanu aia i nā'āpana he nui o kēia mau hana hana uku. Ina a ʻO nā wahi kūikawā ua haumia me ka poino,ʻaʻole ia e pili wale i nā walters i kēia manawa ke kaʻinaʻia nei; Hiki iā ia ke haumia i nā mea hoʻoili waiwai kūʻai pono'ī. Hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi e hoʻonui i ka downtime no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻana a me ka koiʻana i nā kumukūʻai e like me ka manawa e like me ka mea e koi ai i nā mea kūʻai aku. No laila,ʻo ka hōʻoiaʻana i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe o nā mīkini uila uila ma o ka rigorous ʻO ka loiloi kūpono He hoʻolālā koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi no ka kaulahao no ka kaulahao holoʻokoʻa. Ka mea kau Nā Mīkini hoʻomaʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe ʻaʻole hoʻi e kūʻole no ka mea he kiʻekiʻe loa nā lāʻau.

He aha nā paʻakikī nui e kū ai mākou i ka nānāʻana o nā internalities metallic i loko o nāʻano kūikawā?

Hoʻopā Nā Palapala Metallic i nā kikowaena kūikawā, kūikawā i nā mea i hoʻohanaʻia ma ka semiconduc pā ʻoihana, hōʻike i kahi hoʻonohonoho kūʻokoʻa o nā pilikia. ʻO nā kumu paʻakikī koʻikoʻi mai nā mea e pili ana i nā mea haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa i kēia mau mea palau hiki ke pilikia - pinepine pinepine i nā'āpana-per-billion (ppb) a iʻole nā'āpana-he mau'āpana-per-trillion (ppt). Ka nānāʻana a me ka pololei a me ka pololei e pono ai nā minuke he nui e pono ai ke nānā likeʻole Icp-ms aka, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe'ē aʻe i nā wahina a me nā mea hoʻohālikelike a me keʻano o nā protocols e pale aku ai i ka hōʻikeʻana i waho paio.

ʻO ka paʻakikī nui ka hōʻikeʻana i ka paʻakikī. Lehulehu Hoʻohanaʻia nā mea kūʻai kūikawā i nā leka uila he mea hou loa, e hoʻoponoponoʻia, a iʻole pyropound (paleʻole i ka lewa). Ka palekana a me ka hoʻokaʻawaleʻana i kēia mau mea nā lāʻau i loko o kahi mea hana loiloi e like me ka Icp-ms me kaʻole e hoʻololi i ka sample hau a iʻole e hoʻohilahila i ka mea hana e pono ai nā kaʻina hana a me nā kaʻina hana. No ka laʻana, pololei pololei i ka ʻO keʻano o ke kino e like me hydrogen chloride (hcl) i kahi kūlana Icp-ms Hiki i ka'ōnaehana ke hōʻeha nui iā ia. No laila, nāʻano hana likeʻole, e like me ka mea impinger e nānā ana palau) a iʻole cryogenic trapping, pinepine pinepine ia. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kēia mau hana ke hoʻolauna i kā lākou mau kumu pono'ī o paio a iʻole ka nānāʻana ināʻaʻole i hana maikaʻiʻia. Ke koho o ʻO nā kaʻa kaʻa No ka dilina, inā pono, pono, e pono hoʻi i ka impeccable ʻo Menu ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe.

ʻO kahi hoʻokūkū'ē aʻeʻo ia ka hopena "Matrix hopena." Ka nui aila iho (e.g., Aron, nitrrogen, he hydrogen) hiki ke hoʻopili me kaʻike o trace incurities. ^. No ke aniani, i Icp-ms, i hoʻokumuʻia ka plasma mai ka nui aila hiki ke hana i nā kiʻi polyatomic i loaʻa i ka ratio nui likeʻole e like me kekahi mau pahuhopu Nā Palapala Metallic, e alakaʻi ana i nā postives a iʻole ke kauʻana i ka helu helu. Pono nā loiloi e hoʻohana i nāʻenehana e like me nā collise / reaction cells i ka Icp-ms a iʻole nā ​​kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe e pili ana i nā mea e lanakila ai i kēia mau'ōlelo kiko'ī. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻohanaʻia nā papa calibration no ka heluʻana Nā Palapala Uila Pono e kūpono a kūpono loa, a pono e hōʻoiaʻia ke kaʻina hana holoʻokoʻa e hōʻoia i ka hōʻoia o ka ʻO ka loiloi kūpono nā hopena. ʻO mākou, e like me kahi mea kūʻai aku, e hopohopo no ka pono o ka Nā Cylinders Gas a me ko lākou hiki ke hāʻawi Nā Palapala Metallic ma mua o ka manawa, e pono ai nā mea i ka mana o ka maikaʻi.

Hiki ke hoʻohanaʻana i kahi mea hoʻokani pāʻani e hoʻonui ai i ka pololei o ka pololei o nā incourity incourity?

ʻAe, me ka hoʻohanaʻana i kahi'ōnaehana hoʻololi hiki iā ia ke pāʻani i kahi hana koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka pololei o trace incluries e ana, nui loa i ka wā e hana ai me ka paʻakikī aila nā matrices a iʻole ke kaliʻana no ka ultra-haʻahaʻa nā palena kiko'ī. ^. A ʻO nā polokalamu uila, i kekahi manawa i kapaʻiaʻo ia e like me keʻano o ka matrix Elimen, e hana ponoʻia e ka laweʻana i ka nui aila (ka mea nui o ka sample hau)ʻOiai e kū nei i ka trace incurities o ka hoihoi. Hiki i kēia hana hana mua ke hoʻomaikaʻi i keʻano o ka nānāʻana o nāʻenehana likeʻole Icp-ms Oole ʻO ka chomatograp Pūnaehana.

Ka luna ma hope o nā mea he nui Nā polokalamu uila pili i kahi membrane semi-permerable a iʻole he mea koho i kohoʻia / desorption mechanism. Ka laʻana, hiki i kahi membrane kahi lāʻau palbrane e lawe i ka hydrogen mai a ʻO ke kāwiliʻana, e ae i kekahi nā meaʻino i nā gases e hoʻopiliʻia a hele i a mākaʻi. ^. Pēlā nō, hiki i nā mea hoʻolaha adsorbendents e hiki ke loaʻa i kekahi palau mai kahi kahe aila kahawai, hiki i ka mea e hiki ke nānāʻia i ka nui o ka nui o ka maʻemaʻe ʻO nā kaʻa kaʻa no ka loiloi. E ka hōʻemiʻana i ka nui o ka nui aila hiki ana i ka mākaʻi, ua hōʻemi kēia mau mea i nā interice matrix, hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka walaʻauʻana, a hoʻonui pono i ka radical hōʻailona no ka pae trace incurities. ^. Hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i kahi haʻahaʻa Ka palena o ka ike.

Nā pono o me ka hoʻohanaʻana i kahi'ōnaehana hoʻololi ʻike maoliʻia i ka wā e nānā ai ingurities ma ka uila ʻO nā mea paʻakikī e paʻakikī e hoʻoponopono pololei a iʻole e hoʻokau i ka mea nui i nā mea hana i loko o nā mea kani. No ka laʻana, ke ho'āʻo nei e ana i ke anaʻana i ka oxygen a iʻole ka nui o ka wai ʻO nā wahi kūikawā, a ʻO nā polokalamu uila hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i kēia palau i loko o kahi mea hou aku ʻO nā kaʻa kaʻa Uā Aron a he helium ma mua o ko lākou hikiʻana i ka mākaʻi. ^. ʻAʻole hiki i kēia ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pololei akā hiki ke pale aku i nā'āpana koʻikoʻi. E like me ka mea hana 99.999% hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻe 50l Cylinder Xeton Gas, ua hoʻomaopopo mākou i ka waiwai o kēlā mauʻenehana loea i hōʻoia i ka hōʻoiaʻana i keʻanoʻokoʻa ʻo Menu ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe o rare a nā kikowaena kūikawā. ^. ʻO kēiaʻenehana idid i ka koʻikoʻi Ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me nā pae hōʻoia.

ʻO ka pilina koʻikoʻi:ʻO ka loiloi koʻikoʻi i loko o nā pahu i hoʻohana pololeiʻia ma Semicohoructor e hana nei.

'Ōlelo Ua hoʻohana pololeiʻia nā pahu i ka hana semiconductor ʻo ia ke ola o ke kaʻina hana. ʻAʻole kēia e pili wale ʻO nā mea kanu nui e like me nitrogen a Aron, akā, heʻano ākea hoʻi o ʻO nā pahu uila uila e like me Epitaxial gases (e.g., Silane, Kelemania no ka uluʻana i nā'āpana cristal), ʻO nā mea hoʻonani (e.g., nf₃, sf₆, cl₂ no ka pākaukau), Ion Inoas Gases (e.g., artine, phosphine, boron trifluorideide no ka dinging), a me nā koina e waiho ana. No kēlā me kēia Pono nā mea kūʻai aku, ke kiʻekiʻe a me keʻano o kaʻaeʻia poino ua hoʻopaʻaʻia ke kaula no ka mea hiki ke hoʻokaʻawaleʻia kekahi mea i hoʻokaʻawaleʻia i nā hemahema ma ka semiconduc pā wafer. Hana kēia ʻO ka loiloi kūpono No keia Hoʻololi i nā hau kahi hana kūpono kūponoʻole.

E noʻonoʻo i ka waihoʻana o kahi'āpana o kahi'āpana silini dioxide dioxide dioxide, he mea hilinaʻi maʻamau i nā mea kūʻai aku. Inā ka oxygen Hoʻohanaʻia ka hau No kēia kaʻina hana he hydrocarbon palau, Hiki i ke kalaʻi ke kalaia ma ka paila lāʻau, e hoʻowahāwahā i kona waiwai hōʻaiho a me ka hiki ke alakaʻi i ka maikaʻiʻole. Pēlā nō, inā he etching aila piha i kahi mea hikiʻole poino, e hoʻololi paha i ka helu a me ke koho paha, e alakaʻi ana i nā hiʻohiʻona he nui, liʻiliʻi loa, a iʻole hewaʻole. Oia paha poino i kahi inirt goods Uā ʻO ka Cylinder Game Gaminder Hoʻohanaʻia no ka sputtering e hiki ke neʻe i luna o kaʻaoʻao holoi, e pili ana i ka maikaʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi. Ka hopena o kahi poino ke kaʻina maʻamau poino thaleted ma kahi hana hoʻokahi paha he koʻikoʻi nanea i kekahi.

Pono kēia loulou koʻikoʻi i kahi hoʻokokoke pihaʻana i ʻO ka loiloi kūpono. ^. ʻAʻole ia e pili ana i ka nānāʻana i ka huahana hope loa; e pili ana ia i nā mea mālama ponoʻana, i nā kahawai hana, a me ka hopena aila Nā Kūlana hoʻomaʻemaʻe. No ka semiconductor ʻO nā hau, nā kiko'ī no inguities in semiconductor Hoʻopili pinepineʻia nā noiʻana, ke neʻe nei i nā palena o kaʻikeʻike. Hana pū mākou me kā mākou mea kūʻai aku ma ka Semiconductor a me nā mea uila kahua e hoʻomaopopo i kā lākou kiko'ī poino nā hiʻohiʻona no nāʻokoʻa nā'āpana a me nā'āpanaʻona. ^. Kōkua kēia hui hoʻohui i keʻano o ka ʻO nā mea hoʻonani kūikawā Hāʻawi pinepine mākou i nā koi koi e koi ana i kā lākou hana hoʻomaʻamaʻa holomuaʻana. ʻO ka paʻakikī e hana i kaʻikeʻana i kahi laulā ākea o nā haumia i nā papa hana'ē aʻe.

Ma waho o ka lab: nā hana maikaʻi loa no ka lawelaweʻana i nā mea kiʻekiʻe o nā seminity kiʻekiʻe-maʻemaʻe.

Hōʻoia i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe o nā mīkini uila uila ʻAʻole hoʻopau i ka wā aila waiho i kā mākou hana hana. Mālama i kēlā ʻo Menu ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻO ke ala a pau i keʻano o ka hoʻohanaʻana ma A semiconduc pā Ponoʻo Fab i ka manaʻo meticlout i ka mālamaʻana, mālama, a me ka hoʻokaʻawale. ʻO ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa ʻO ka lāʻau maʻemaʻe hiki ke lilo i mea haumia ināʻaʻole pololei. Ma ka hua hua,ʻaʻole mākou e nānā wale i ka hanaʻana ʻO nā mīkini kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe akā, e'ōlelo pū hoʻi i kā mākou poʻe mea kūʻai ma nā hana maikaʻi loa e pale ai i lalo paio.

ʻO nā mea maikaʻi maikaʻi loa e loaʻa ai nā hana maikaʻi loa:

• Koho Koho: ʻO nā māhele āpau i loko o ka'ōnaehana laweʻana i ka'ōnaehana - e komo pū ana Nā Cylinders Gas, nā regulators, nā valves, tubing, a me nā fittersings - pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻia i nā mea kūponoʻole (e.g. ʻO ka maʻemaʻe maikaʻi loa (UHP) lawelawe. Ke hoʻohana nei i nā mea kūponoʻole hiki ke alakaʻi i ka mea i waho palau a i ole ʻO ka maʻi metallic Ke kāhea nei i loko o ka Ke kahe wai.
• 'Ōnaehana'ōnaehana: Pono keʻano o ka'ōnaehana hoʻokele kaʻa. Hiki i nā leki a me nā leki i hiki keʻae i ka atmospheric nā meaʻino e like me ka oxygen, uniu, a kiko'ī ʻO ka mea e komo i ka'ōnaehana, hoʻopiʻi ʻO ka maʻemaʻe. ^. He mea nui ka nānāʻana o ka nānāʻana i ka nānāʻana.
• Nā kaʻina hoʻohālike: ʻO nā kaʻina hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe kūpono e koʻikoʻi i kēlā me kēia manawa i kahi pilina i hanaʻia a iʻole ke hoʻololiʻia kahi cylinder. Hoʻopili kēia i ka leleʻana i nā laina me a ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe (like Aron a iʻole nitrrogen) e wehe i kahi ea i loaʻaʻole ai palau. ^. Lawaʻole ka hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻana i kahi kumu maʻamau o paio. ^. Manaʻo pinepine mākou i nā pale pālani e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka paleʻana.
• Nā mea hana hoʻolaʻa: Me ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā regulators hoʻolaʻa a me nā laina no ka kiko'ī nā lāʻau a iʻole nāʻohana o nā lāʻau hiki ke pale i ka cross-concamition. He mea nui kēia i ka wā e hoʻololi ai ma waena o kahi inirt goods a he mea hou a iʻole ʻO keʻano o ke kino.
• Cylinder endling: Nā Cylinders Gas pono e mālamaʻia me ka mālama e pale aku i ka hōʻino. Pono lākou e mālamaʻia i nā wahi i kohoʻia, a me nā wahi'ē aʻe, a me "mua-ma mua, e pono ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa muaʻana. Me ka hoʻohanaʻana nā mistitud i hoʻolaʻa a me ka oxygen Hiki i nā mea noiʻi ma nā kumu koʻikoʻi ke kōkua i ka nānāʻana no kekahiʻano maʻamau o kēia mau maʻamau palau.

No nā mea kūʻai aku e like me Mark Shen maikaʻi huahana Ua hoʻohiki lākou i kā lākou mau mea kūʻai aku. He kuleana ia. Mālama mākou i kā mākou Cylinder cylinder nā huahana, no ka mea, ua hoʻopihaʻia a mālamaʻia e pale poino Hanaʻia, akāʻo ka'ōnaehana o ka mea hoʻohana e hoʻopau i kahi kūlana koʻikoʻi nui. Ke kaua e kū'ē poino he hana mau loa mai ka hanaʻana i ka noi.

Ke nānā nei i loko o ka pōpō crystal: He aha nā mea i hiki mai i ka wā e hiki ai iā mākou ke manaʻo i ka nānāʻana i nā mīkini uila?

Kaʻimiʻana no nā kiʻekiʻe-kiʻekiʻe ʻo Menu ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe i Nā pahu uila uila aʻoi aku kaʻike ʻikeʻole ʻO keʻano he huakaʻi mau nō ka huakaʻi, holoʻia e ka pacenless semiconduc pā ʻoihana. E like me nā mea e pili ana i nā hiʻohiʻona hou i loko o ka sub-10 Nanometer Real a me nā mea hou a me nā mea hana hou (e like me 3D a me ka hopena trace incurities e lilo hou i'ōlelo houʻia. Pono kēia e hoʻomaikaʻi hou aku i nā meaʻelua Ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe nāʻenehana a ʻO ka loiloi kūpono hiki ke hiki.

Hiki iā mākou ke hoʻonui i kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona:

• Nā palena haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa: Nā hana noiʻi like Icp-ms, Ke kalepa chromatography-nui (gc-ms), a me ka cavisy kani-spectrostocpopy (crds) e hoʻomau, e hoʻomau ana nā palena kiko'ī no kahi wider ka nui o nā palaualelo iho i lalo i nā pae PP a iʻole i loko o ka ppq Tomain. Pono kēia i nā innovations i loko o nā kumuwaiwai i loko, nā loiloi nui, a mākaʻi ʻenehana.
• I loko o-kūlana a me ka nānā maoliʻana: Aia kahi koi e ulu ana no nā'ōnaehana loiloi e hiki ke nānā ʻO ka maʻemaʻe I ka manawa maoli, pololei i ke kumu o ka hoʻohanaʻana i loko o ka semiconduc pā fab. ʻAe kēia no kaʻike kokeʻana o kekahi paio nā hanana a iʻole nā ​​mea inu poino ʻO nā pae, e hoʻomaikaʻi wikiwiki i ka hana hoʻoponopono wikiwiki a hōʻemi i ka pohō huahana. ʻO nā meaʻike miniaturized a me nā chemometric algorithm e pāʻani i kahi kī nui ma aneʻi.
• Ka nānāʻana i nāʻano kīwī paʻakikī: Ke alo nei semiconduc pā Hiki i nā kaʻina hana e pili ana i ka paʻakikī nā'āpanaʻona me nā'āpana hou hou. Hoʻopā palau I nā pāʻoihana paʻakikī e koi ai i nā hoʻolālā hana hou a me nā mea hana e pili ana i nā hana. Ka hiki ke ana i ke ana poino i loko o hoʻokahi'āpana me kaʻole o ka hanaʻole mai nā poʻe'ē aʻe e lilo i mea koʻikoʻi.
• E nānā i ka "killer" imprities: E hoʻomau nā noiʻi noiʻi inguities in semiconductor ka hoʻoiliʻana i kahi hopena paʻakikī i ka hana nui ma ka hana a iʻole ka hāʻawiʻana, i nā pae haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. E lilo nāʻano hana ma keʻano he mea hou aku i kēia mau "pepehi" palau.
• Nā Pūnaewele Hana Hana a me AI: ʻO ka nui o nāʻikepili i hanaʻia e ka holomua ʻO ka loiloi kūpono e hoʻokuʻuʻia nā'ōnaehana me ka hoʻohanaʻana i nāʻike a me nā mīkini eʻike ai eʻike i nā hiʻohiʻona, wānana paio HE KANA, ApoiPIKE LOA Ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe kaʻina hana. Hiki i kēia ke kōkua i ka mālama ponoʻana i ka mana o keʻano ma mua o ka hoʻoponopono houʻana i ka pilikia.

Ma ka hua i ke ahi, ua hanaʻia mākou e noho ma mua o ka mua o kēia mau hanana. Mālama pinepine mākou i ka noiʻi a me nā hoʻolālāʻana, e hui ana me nāʻoihanaʻoihana a me nāʻoihana hoʻonaʻauao e pono ai i kaʻepekema o Kūpono kaʻaʻai Mīkini kiʻekiʻe hana a ʻO ka loiloi kūpono. ^. No kā mākou mea kūʻai aku, me nā mea e like me ka maikaʻi e like me keʻano o ka hōʻailonaʻo Mark Shen,ʻo ia keʻano o ka hāʻawiʻana i nā ʻO nā pahu uila uila e hālāwai ana i nā pono e lele i ka nā uila a me nāʻoihana semiconducor. ^. Ko makou paa o Helium,ʻikeʻia no kona mea aloha a me ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā noi kūikawā poino nā pae.

E hoʻomanaʻoʻia nā mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo ai:

• ʻO nā pahu uila uila ke kumu nui i ʻO ka hana semiconductor, a me ko lakou ʻo Menu ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻaʻole kūponoʻole.
• Oia aku trace incurities, i kohoʻia ma PPB a iʻole PPT, hiki ke hōʻeha i nā hemahema a me ka hopena semiconduc pā Nā polokalamu.
• Hana maʻamau nā meaʻino i nā gases komo pū me nā galani'ē aʻe (e like me O₂, H₂O), Nā Palapala Metallic, a kiko'ī mea.
• Icp-ms heʻenehana cormanstone no ka nānāʻana i kahi laulā ākea o nā haumia, kūikawā Nā Palapala Metallic, ma nā pae haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
• Ka palekana ʻO ka maʻemaʻe koi aku i nā hana mediticulus a me ka'ōnaehana'ōnaehana mai ka ʻO ka cylinder hau I keʻano o ka hoʻohanaʻana e pale ai paio.
• Eʻikeʻia ka wā e hiki mai ana nā palena kiko'ī, ka nānāʻana maoli, a me AI-Driven ʻO ka loiloi kūpono no ka Kuhi helu nā lāʻau.
• Ke kāohi nei i kēlā me kēia hiki poino he vital no ka hōʻoiaʻana i ka maikaʻi huahana a me ka hilinaʻi o kēia mau nā leka uila.