E noʻonoʻoʻoe i nā pahu kelepona liʻiliʻi i ka mana o kāu kelepona, kāu kelepona,ʻo kāu kaʻa. Ua kūkuluʻia kēia mau mea paʻakikī i nā mea paʻakikī loa me ka nui loa, a ma ka puʻuwai o ko lākou hanaʻana i kahi mea e noho mālie a me ka ikaika pono: ʻO nā mea kūʻai kūikawā. ^. Hōʻike kēiaʻatikala i keʻano nui o kēiaʻano hana i kēia mau mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe e pāʻani nei i ka semiconductor a nā leka uila nāʻoihana, e wehewehe ana i ke kumu no ke kumu o kā lākouʻano he paramika a pehea lākou e hiki ai i ka huahuai o kaʻenehana e hilinaʻi mākou i kēlā me kēia lā. E noʻonoʻo e like me kēia:ʻO kēia mau mea huna i nā mea huna huna e hana ai i kēia mau lā nā leka uila hiki. Ka hoʻomaopopoʻana i ko lākou koʻikoʻi he kī e hoʻomaopopo i ka wā e hiki mai ana i ka wā o kaʻenehana.

Ke hoʻohana nei i nā kiko'ī:ʻO ka hana koʻikoʻi o nā mea nui

Eʻimi kākou i kēlā me kēia nīnau i nā kiko'ī.

1

ʻAʻole loa aila hanaʻia e like me keʻano,ʻoiai ke hele mai i ke kaʻina hana o ka hana semiconductor. Saniconnuctor gases,ʻike houʻiaʻo ʻO nā pahu uila uila, loaʻa nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻo Menu ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe. ^. ʻO kēia keʻano ua kokoke loa lākou i nā mea i manaʻoʻia aila, me nā'āpana liʻiliʻi o nā mea'ē aʻe o nā mea'ē aʻe, e ana pinepineʻia i nā'āpana i kēlā me kēia biliona (PPB). Like me ʻO nā mea kanu nui hoʻohanaʻia ma nāʻoihana'ē aʻe, kēia ʻO nā mea kūʻai kūikawā ua hanaʻia no ko lākou mau waiwai waiwai a me ko lākou hiki ke hana i nā hana kūpono ma ka huahuai o ka intricate Nā Kūlana uila. ^. HE MEA Hoʻohanaʻia nā pahu ʻaʻole like me nā mea hana raw, akā e like me nā mea e komo ai i ka paʻakikī Nā hopena Chemical e kūkulu ana Nā polokalamu Semiconductor.

Ka weheweheʻana i keʻano o ka ʻO nā mīkini uila uila ʻo ia ka mana ʻO nā mīkini mīkini hoʻomaʻemaʻe. ^. HE MEA nā'āpana a me nā'āpanaʻona pinepine pinepine a iʻole hui pu, koho ponoʻia no ko lākou hiki ettch, dope, a iʻole e hana i nā papa kiko'ī ma a Libina. ^. No ka lahui, kekahi nā lāʻau hoʻohanaʻia e waiho i nā kiʻiʻoniʻoniKaulua),ʻoiai e hoʻohanaʻia nā poʻe'ē aʻe i ka ettchke kaʻina hana e wehe i nā mea makemakeʻole. 'Ōlelo kākau Manaʻo o ka ʻOihana Polokalamu Pūnaewele koi nā lako hana kiʻekiʻe E hōʻoia i ka hilinaʻi a me ka hana o ka hope Nā Kūlana uila. ^. Hiki iāʻoe keʻimi i ko mākouʻano o nā mea e hoʻomaopopo ai i ka mea i loaʻa i kaʻokoʻa.

2 No ke aha ke kumu nui o ka maʻemaʻe nui loa no nā mea koʻikoʻi no nā gases i hoʻohanaʻia ma semicondu paʻa?

E noʻonoʻoʻoe e ho'āʻo e kūkulu i kahi skyscraper me Shaky Bricks -ʻAʻole wale ke hana. Penei, ka huahuai no semiconduc pā Nā koi ʻO ka maʻemaʻe maikaʻi loa. ^. ʻO nā kumu he nui o nā poino i ka Ua hoʻohanaʻia nā mea kanu hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena catastrophic. HE MEA poino Nā Kūlana e like oxygen a me ka wai, hiki ke hoʻopilikia me ka deliceate Nā hopena Chemical I ka wā Palapala SemiconducTction, e alakaʻi ana i nā hemahema a me ka hopeʻole, ka nele o ka Nā polokalamu Semiconductor.

'Ōlelo pae o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe koi no ʻO nā mea kūʻai aku ma Semicohyucor e hana nei oe I waena o nā kaula loa ma ka honua. ^. Ke kamaʻilio nei mākou ʻO ka maʻemaʻe maikaʻi loa, ma kahi o nā'āpana o ka biliona o nā mea maʻi e hiki ke hōʻoleʻia. No keʻano, ke hele mai o ka makemakeʻole AlohaWas hiki ke hoʻololi i nā waiwai uila o ka Silikino, ke hoola ana i ka Word ponoʻole. ʻO ia ke kumu maikaʻi honua mālamalama a hele mai Hoʻoheli He mea nui loa nāʻenehana no kekahi Mea Kānāwai no saniconnuctor gases. ^. E noʻonoʻo e like me ka hukiʻana i kahi pōpō -ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka mea hewa o ka mea hana hewaʻole hiki ke hoʻopau i ka mea āpau.

3

Oiai he nui ʻO nā mea kūʻai kūikawā E pāʻani i kahi hana, he mau hana hana'ē aʻe kekahi i loko o ka Nā Hana Hana Semiconductor. Nitrogen hoʻohanaʻia e like me ka hui pu aila e hana i kahi lewa i mālamaʻia, paleʻana i ka makemakeʻole Nā hopena Chemical. Aron,ʻokoʻa'ē aʻe hui pu Nā Hālāwai Kūʻai, he mea nui no ka hoʻokumuʻana i kēia mau wahi i hoʻopaʻaʻia, i loko o ka spittering a me nā mea'ē aʻe Kaulua kaʻina hana. Hydrogen e hoʻokani i kahi hana koʻikoʻi ma ka hōʻemiʻana Oliki nā papa a me kahi mea lawe aila.

Ma waho o lākou aku nei, oxycongen hoʻohanaʻia ma nā kaʻina oxidation e hana i ka silicon dioxide momopeide, he mea hoʻonāukiuki koʻikoʻi. Kekaiulani lima loaʻa nā noi i kekahi ettchnā kaʻina hana. Helium,ʻokoʻa'ē aʻe Nā Hālāwai Kūʻai, i hoʻohanaʻia no ka nānāʻana a me keʻano he cristogen cristogen. Hoʻomaopopo i nā waiwai kiko'ī o kēlā me kēia aila he mea nui no ka hoʻomaikaʻiʻana i nā pae likeʻole o nā mea hana semiconducor. ^. E like me nā mea hana likeʻole e pono no nā hana likeʻole,ʻokoʻa nā lāʻau pono no nā hana likeʻole i ka hanaʻana i kahi chip. Hiki iāʻoe ke aʻo hou aʻe i ko mākou kūlana kiʻekiʻe ʻO ka cylinder cylinder Nā koho.

4. Pehea e hoʻohanaʻia ai ka hydrogen i hoʻohanaʻia ma semiconductor a me nā mea uila?

Hydrogen he versetile aila me kekahi mau noi koʻikoʻi ma semiconduc pā a mea hana uila. ^. ʻO kekahi o kāna hoʻohana muaʻana ma ka hoʻemiʻana o ka metala Olikis. I ka wā o kekahi mau pae o nā mea hana semiconducor, makemake ole Oliki Hiki i nā mea ke kau i nā Libina. ^. ʻO ka māka kiʻekiʻe loa hydrogen hana e like me ka hoʻemiʻana o ka luna, e hana ana me ka Oliki e hoʻoneʻe iā ia a waiho i kahi maʻemaʻe Silikino papa.

Oiai, ka hakahaka hydrogen Hoʻohana pinepineʻiaʻo ia e like me kahi mea lawe aila i nāʻano like Kaulua kaʻina hana. Kōkua ia e halihali i nā mea'ē aʻe nā lāʻau i na Word ma luna o kahiʻano i hoʻopaʻaʻia, e hōʻoia ana i ka uluʻana o nā kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi. ʻO ka hoʻonui nuiʻana i keʻano o ke kauʻana ke kaʻaʻana i ka makemake i loko 'ōmaʻomaʻo. No kēia mau noi. Hāʻawiʻia ka mana pololei hydrogen hana ia i mea hana koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻokumuʻana i nā hana hoʻohālikelike o nā microchips. Hāʻawi mākou i ka hilinaʻi Cylinder cylinder nā hopena no kāu mau pono.

5

Nitrogen he ubiquitous a pono nui aila i ka Nā Hana Hana Semiconductor, ma muli o kona hui pu kūlohelohe. ʻO kāna kī kī nui e hana a mālama i kahi lewa iʻole e like me nā mea hou oxycongen a me ka nui, hiki ke hōʻino i kaʻike nā mea semiconductor a hoopunipuni me Nā hopena Chemical. ^. E noʻonoʻo iā ia he pale pale no ka hana hana hana.

Ma nā kūlana likeʻole o nā mea hana semiconducor, mai ka ulu o ka crystal i Word ka ho'ōla a me kaʻaha. nitrogen hoʻohanaʻia e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā mea hana, e hana i nā keʻena hoʻomaʻemaʻe, a pale i ka oxidation. Kōkua kēia e hōʻemi i nā hemahema a hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi kiʻekiʻe a me ka hilinaʻi o ka hope Nā polokalamu Semiconductor. ^. Ka hopena kūpono a hilinaʻi hoʻi i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe nitrogen No laila he paramika no semicornuctor hana. ^. E makaʻala i kā mākou mau mea like Nitrogen Hāʻawi i nā koho e hōʻoia i ka holo maikaʻiʻana o kāu hana.

6. No ke aha e makemake pinepine aiʻo Argon i keʻano o ka haunaele i nā kaʻina semiconductor?

E like me nitrogen, Aron he mea hanohano aila a no laila emi hui pu, e hana ana i kahi koho maikaʻi loa no ka hoʻokumuʻana i nā lewa i mālamaʻia i loko Nā kaʻina hana Semiconductor. ^. Oiai nitrogen ua hoʻohana nuiʻia, Aron Hāʻawi i kekahi mau pono i nā noi kūikawā. Kona kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe i hoʻohālikelikeʻia nitrogen ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma ka paleʻana i ka paleʻana i kaʻokoʻa o ka makemakeʻole poino nā atom.

Aron i hoʻohana pinepineʻia ma ka sputtering, a Kaulua ʻO keʻano kahi i hoʻohālikelikeʻia ai kahi mea i kauʻia AlohaWas, e kau ana i nā atom e hoʻopauʻia a waihoʻia e like me ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni ma ka Word. ^. Mālamaʻo ia i ka mea i loko o ka hanaʻana mai ka hanaʻana me ka mea i kauʻia a iʻole ke kiʻi i waihoʻia. Aron ua hoʻohanaʻia ma plasma ettchnā kaʻina hana. Uā nitrogen, kahi lako kūpono o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe Aron he mea nui no ka mālamaʻana i ke kūpaʻa o ka hana hana hana. ^. E noʻonoʻo i ko mākou hilinaʻi ʻO ka Cylinder Game Gaminder Nā koho no kāu wahi.

7

Oiai hydrogen, nitrogen, a Aron he waiwai, he nui o kekahi ʻO nā pahu uila uila he mea nui no nā noi kiko'ī i loko hana semiconductor. Phosomine he kī dopant kumu no ka hoʻopukaʻana i ka phosphorus i loko Silikino, Pēlā, arsina (loaʻa iā Arsenanic) a me Diborane (loaʻa Būo) hoʻohanaʻia e like me dopants.

Helium, he malamalama Nā Hālāwai Kūʻai, i hoʻohanaʻia no ka nānāʻana i nā'ōnaehana o nā'ōnaehana a me keʻano o ka wā eʻoluʻolu ma muli o kona wahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Huhu-ʻOihana nā lāʻau, e like me ka sulfur hexafluoride, ua hoʻohanaʻia ma plasma ettchma muli o ko lākou hiki ke lawe i nā mea e lawe ai i nā mea waiwai. Ka hui kiko'ī o nā'āpana a me nā'āpanaʻona Ua hoʻohanaʻia ma luna o ka pololei Nā kaʻina hana Semiconductor komo. Hāʻawi mākou i kahi ākea nāʻano o nā hau e hālāwai me nā mea hana e pono ai.

8

Ka mālamaʻana i ka ʻO Ultra High Imaty no saniconnuctor gases koi i kahi hoʻokokoke a me keʻano nui kākau nā ana i kēlā me kēia papa, mai ka hanaʻana i ka laweʻana. Hoʻoheli nā kaʻina hana e pili ana i nāʻenehana holomua e like me ka hoʻonohonohoʻana, adsorption, a me ka hoʻokaʻawaleʻana o ka membrane poino. ^. Nani okolikes e hoʻohana mauʻia e nānā mau i ka ʻO ka maʻemaʻe.

Cylinderi hoʻohanaʻia no ka mālamaʻana a lawe aku i kēia mau mea nā lāʻau ma lalo o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻana a me ka ho'āʻo e pale i ka paleʻana. Mea Kānāwais i loko o kēiaʻoihana pono e pili i ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa honua mālamalama nā kūlana a me nā manawa pinepine e hoʻopaʻa i nā hōʻoia e hōʻike ana i ko lākou hiki ke hoʻokō i kēia mau koi koi. Hoʻolālāʻia ke kaulahao holoʻokoʻa e hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka hoʻopukaʻana i kekahi poino i kēia mau mea koʻikoʻi. ʻO kā mākou hale hana me 7 mau laina hana e hōʻoia i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻemaʻe.

9. Pehea e lawa ai ka maʻi i nā sanicohon i ka hopena o nā semiconguctor i ka hopena hope loa?

Ka hopena o nā minesscule i loaʻa i ka nui o nā poino i saniconnuctor gases hiki ke koʻikoʻi, e alakaʻi ana i nā hemahema a hōʻemi i ka hana ma ka hope Nā Kūlana uila. ^. Hiki i nā mea hoʻohālikelike ke hōʻole i ka leʻaleʻa Nā hopena Chemical I ka wā Kaulua a ettching, alakaʻi i nā papa hanaʻoleʻole a iʻole makemakeʻole etching. Poino Hiki ke hoʻohui pūʻia nā atoms i loko o ka Silikino ʻO Latticy, hoʻololi i kāna waiwai uila a hiki i ke kumu kūponoʻole.

Lākaukau loa, poino hiki ke hōʻemi i ka hua o ka hana Nā polokalamu Semiconductor, hoʻonui i nā uku hana hana, a hoʻokaʻawale i ka hilinaʻi o ka hopena nā leka uila. ^. ʻO ia ke kumu o ka Nā Hana Hana Semiconductor nā wahi e koʻikoʻi ana ma ka ʻO ka maʻemaʻe a hana pū me Mea Kānāwais ka mea hiki ke hōʻoia i ka mea i koiʻia ʻO ka maʻemaʻe maikaʻi loa. ^. E noʻonoʻoʻoe i kahi kiko'ī o ka lepo e hōʻino i kahi kaʻa microscopic -ʻo ia keʻano o ka paʻakikī.

10. E nānā i mua: He aha nā mea e hiki mai ana i nā wā e hiki mai ana i nā gases no semiconductor a me nā mea uila?

'Ōlelo Nā Hana Hana Semiconductor e hoʻokaʻawale mau ana, a me nā koi saniconnuctor gases ke hoʻololi nei me ia. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona e pili ana i ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka noi Nā Kūlana hoʻomaʻemaʻe E like me ka nui o nā hiʻohiʻona ma nā pahu pahu. Aia nō hoʻi kahi ulu ulu e ulu ana i ka hoʻomohala hou ʻO nā mea kūʻai kūikawā a nā hau a me nā momi me nā waiwai i hoʻonuiʻia no nā hana hana holomua holomua.

ʻO ka mālamaʻana i kahi mea hoʻokele kiʻi'ē aʻe, me ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka makemake 'ōmaʻomaʻo. a me nā mea aloha'ē aʻe nā lāʻau. ^. Ka hoʻomohalaʻana o ka uluʻana okolike ʻenehana no ka nānāʻana i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o poino e lilo nō ia i mea nui. Ka wā e hiki mai ana nā leka uila ua hoʻopiliʻia i nā holomua i ka hana i ka hana a me ka hanaʻana i kēia mau mea pono nā lāʻau.

ʻO nā hale nui

• ʻO nā mea kūʻai kūikawā me ʻO ka maʻemaʻe maikaʻi loa he mea nui no semiconductor a me nā mea uila e hana ai.
• ʻO nā kumu he nui o nā poino hiki i ka hopena nui ke loaʻa i ka maikaʻi a me ka hilinaʻi o Nā Kūlana uila.
• Nitrogen a Aron he mea koʻikoʻi no ka hoʻokumuʻana hui pu Oumoe,ʻoiai hydrogen he mea nui no ka hoʻemiʻana a me nā noi i laweʻia.
• Kahi o nā'ē aʻe ʻO nā pahu uila uila, Like phosomine a Helium, hoʻohanaʻia no nā kaʻina hana kūikawā.
• Aia nā hana string science ma kahi e hōʻoia ai i ka LOANA MINIE o keia mau nā lāʻau i ka moni i ke kaulahao.
• Ka wā e hiki mai ana o ka ʻOihana Polokalamu Pūnaewele hilinaʻi i ka hoʻomauʻana i ka hana i loko saniconnuctor ʻenehana.

No ka hilinaʻi nā lako hana kiʻekiʻe Nā kikowaenaʻoihana, me nitrogen, Aron, a hydrogen, kāhea iā mā˚ou ma ke kīpē hua. Hiki iāʻoe keʻimi hou i kā mākou mōhai no ʻO ka wela haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa cylinder gas a me kā mākouʻano o ʻO ka Cylinder Game Gaminder.